Joshua 12:4

And Og king of Bashan, one of the remnant of the Rephaim, who lived in Ashtaroth and Edrei.

Study Bible

And Og king of Bashan
Og was a significant figure in the conquest narratives of the Israelites. As the king of Bashan, he ruled over a region known for its fertile lands and strong fortifications. Bashan was located east of the Jordan River, in what is now modern-day Syria. Og's defeat is recounted in Numbers 21:33-35 and Deuteronomy 3:1-11, highlighting the Israelites' victory over formidable opponents. The mention of Og emphasizes the power and might of the enemies Israel faced and overcame with God's help.

one of the remnant of the Rephaim
The Rephaim were a group of ancient people known for their great size and strength, often associated with giants in biblical texts. The term "remnant" suggests that Og was one of the last of these mighty people, indicating a dwindling lineage. The Rephaim are mentioned in Genesis 14:5 and Deuteronomy 2:10-11, where they are described as formidable warriors. Og's association with the Rephaim underscores the miraculous nature of Israel's victory, as they were able to conquer even the most daunting foes through divine intervention.

who lived in Ashtaroth and Edrei
Ashtaroth and Edrei were significant cities in the region of Bashan. Ashtaroth was a center of worship for the Canaanite goddess Astarte, indicating the presence of pagan religious practices. Edrei was another major city, known as the site of Og's final battle with the Israelites. The mention of these cities provides geographical context for Og's reign and the extent of his kingdom. The conquest of these cities by the Israelites is a testament to God's promise to deliver the land into their hands, as seen in Deuteronomy 3:1-3.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Og, King of Bashan
Og was a formidable king, described as one of the last of the Rephaim, a group of ancient giants. His defeat by the Israelites under Moses' leadership is a testament to God's power and faithfulness to His promises.

2. Bashan
A fertile region east of the Jordan River, known for its strong cities and mighty warriors. It was part of the land promised to the Israelites.

3. Rephaim
A term used to describe a group of ancient giants. The Rephaim were considered powerful and intimidating, yet they were defeated by the Israelites, demonstrating God's sovereignty.

4. Ashtaroth
A city in Bashan, associated with the worship of the Canaanite goddess Astarte. It was one of the royal cities of Og.

5. Edrei
Another significant city in Bashan, where Og was defeated by the Israelites. It symbolizes the victory of God's people over seemingly insurmountable odds.

Teaching Points

God's Sovereignty Over Giants
Just as God delivered Og into the hands of the Israelites, He is sovereign over the "giants" in our lives. We can trust Him to overcome obstacles that seem insurmountable.

Faith in God's Promises
The defeat of Og is a reminder that God is faithful to His promises. We are called to trust in His word and His timing, even when facing daunting challenges.

Spiritual Warfare
The battle against Og symbolizes the spiritual battles we face. We must rely on God's strength and guidance to overcome spiritual adversaries.

Victory Through Obedience
The Israelites' victory was contingent on their obedience to God's commands. Our spiritual victories often require us to follow God's instructions faithfully.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the defeat of Og, king of Bashan, demonstrate God's power and faithfulness to His people?

2. In what ways can the account of Og's defeat encourage us when facing our own "giants" or challenges in life?

3. How does the concept of the Rephaim as giants relate to the spiritual battles we face today?

4. What lessons can we learn from the Israelites' obedience in the battle against Og that can be applied to our daily walk with God?

5. How do the victories over kings like Og in the Old Testament foreshadow the ultimate victory we have in Christ?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Deuteronomy 3:1-11
This passage provides a detailed account of the battle against Og and the victory God granted to the Israelites. It highlights God's command to not fear, as He would deliver Og into their hands.

Psalm 135:10-12
These verses celebrate God's mighty acts in defeating kings like Og and giving their lands to Israel as an inheritance, emphasizing God's faithfulness.

Numbers 21:33-35
This passage recounts the Israelites' journey and their encounter with Og, reinforcing the theme of God's deliverance and provision.