Joshua 12:11
the king of Jarmuth, one; the king of Lachish, one;
the king of Jarmuth, one;
Jarmuth was a Canaanite city located in the Shephelah region, a lowland area of ancient Judah. It was one of the cities that formed an alliance against Joshua and the Israelites, as recorded in Joshua 10. The king of Jarmuth, Piram, joined forces with other Amorite kings to attack Gibeon, which had made peace with Israel. This alliance and subsequent defeat highlight the resistance of Canaanite cities to Israelite conquest and God's promise to deliver these lands into Israel's hands. Jarmuth's inclusion in the list of defeated kings underscores the comprehensive nature of Joshua's campaign. Archaeological evidence suggests that Jarmuth was a significant fortified city during the Late Bronze Age, aligning with the biblical narrative of its importance and strength.

the king of Lachish, one;
Lachish was another major Canaanite city in the Shephelah, known for its strategic military importance. The king of Lachish, Japhia, also participated in the coalition against Israel. Lachish's defeat is significant due to its role as a fortified city and its later prominence in the Kingdom of Judah. The city's archaeological remains, including siege ramps and destruction layers, corroborate the biblical account of its conquest. Lachish is mentioned multiple times in the Bible, including in the accounts of the Assyrian siege during the reign of King Hezekiah (2 Kings 18:14, 17; Isaiah 36:2). The fall of Lachish to Joshua's forces demonstrates God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises to Israel and serves as a precursor to the eventual establishment of Israelite control over the Promised Land.

Persons / Places / Events
1. King of Jarmuth
Jarmuth was a Canaanite city whose king was defeated by Joshua. It was part of the coalition of five Amorite kings who opposed Israel.

2. King of Lachish
Lachish was another significant Canaanite city. Its king was also defeated by Joshua. Lachish was known for its strategic military importance.

3. Joshua's Conquest
This verse is part of a larger passage listing the kings defeated by Joshua as he led the Israelites into the Promised Land, fulfilling God's promise to Abraham.
Teaching Points
God's Faithfulness to His Promises
The defeat of these kings is a testament to God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises to Israel. Believers can trust that God will fulfill His promises in their lives.

The Importance of Obedience
Joshua's success was rooted in his obedience to God's commands. Christians are called to obey God's Word, trusting that His ways lead to victory.

Spiritual Warfare
Just as Joshua faced physical battles, believers face spiritual battles. Ephesians 6 reminds us to put on the full armor of God to stand firm against spiritual adversaries.

God's Sovereignty in History
The conquest of Canaan demonstrates God's control over nations and history. Believers can find comfort in knowing that God is sovereign over the events of their lives.

The Danger of Compromise
The command to destroy the Canaanite cities was to prevent Israel from falling into idolatry. Christians must guard against compromising their faith with worldly influences.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the defeat of the kings of Jarmuth and Lachish demonstrate God's faithfulness to His promises? Reflect on a time when you experienced God's faithfulness in your life.

2. In what ways can Joshua's obedience to God's commands inspire us in our daily walk with Christ? Consider how obedience impacts your spiritual growth.

3. How can the concept of spiritual warfare, as seen in Ephesians 6, be applied to the challenges you face today? What steps can you take to equip yourself for these battles?

4. Reflect on God's sovereignty as demonstrated in the conquest of Canaan. How does this understanding affect your perspective on current world events or personal circumstances?

5. What are some areas in your life where you might be tempted to compromise your faith? How can you guard against these temptations and remain steadfast in your commitment to God?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Joshua 10
Provides the account of the battle against the coalition of Amorite kings, including the kings of Jarmuth and Lachish, highlighting God's intervention in the battle.

Deuteronomy 7
Discusses God's command to Israel to conquer and possess the land, emphasizing the need to destroy the Canaanite nations to avoid idolatry.

Hebrews 11
References the faith of those who trusted in God's promises, including the conquest of Canaan, as an example for believers.
The Goodness and Severity of GodA. B. Mackay.Joshua 12:1-24
The Catalogue of the VanquishedR. Glover Joshua 12:7-24
People
Ammonites, Amorites, Arad, Canaanites, Debir, Eglon, Gad, Gadites, Geshurites, Hepher, Hittites, Hivite, Hivites, Israelites, Jebusites, Joshua, Maacah, Maacathites, Maachathites, Manasseh, Og, Perizzites, Rephaites, Reubenites, Seir, Shimron, Sihon, Tappuah, Tirzah
Places
Achshaph, Adullam, Ai, Aphek, Arabah, Arad, Aroer, Ashtaroth, Baal-gad, Bashan, Bethel, Beth-jeshimoth, Carmel, Debir, Dor, Edrei, Eglon, Galilee, Geder, Gezer, Gilead, Hazor, Hebron, Hepher, Heshbon, Hormah, Jabbok River, Jarmuth, Jericho, Jerusalem, Jokneam, Jordan River, Kedesh, Lachish, Lasharon, Libnah, Madon, Makkedah, Megiddo, Mount Halak, Mount Hermon, Naphath-dor, Negeb, Pisgah, Salecah, Salt Sea, Sea of Chinneroth, Sea of the Arabah, Seir, Shimron-meron, Taanach, Tappuah, Tirzah, Valley of Lebanon, Valley of the Arnon
Topics
Jarmuth, Lachish
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Joshua 12:8

     4245   hills

Library
Gilgal, in Deuteronomy 11:30 what the Place Was.
That which is said by Moses, that "Gerizim and Ebal were over-against Gilgal," Deuteronomy 11:30, is so obscure, that it is rendered into contrary significations by interpreters. Some take it in that sense, as if it were near to Gilgal: some far off from Gilgal: the Targumists read, "before Gilgal": while, as I think, they do not touch the difficulty; which lies not so much in the signification of the word Mul, as in the ambiguity of the word Gilgal. These do all seem to understand that Gilgal which
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

The Lake of Gennesaret; Or, the Sea of Galilee and Tiberias.
Jordan is measured at one hundred and twenty furlongs, from the lake of Samochonitis to that of Gennesaret. That lake, in the Old Testament, is 'The sea of Chinnereth,' Numbers 34:11, &c. In the Targumists, 'The sea of Genesar'; sometimes, 'of Genesor'; sometimes, 'of Ginosar': it is the same also in the Talmudists, but most frequently 'The sea of Tiberiah.' Both names are used by the evangelists; 'the lake of Gennesaret,' Luke 5:1; 'the sea of Tiberias,' John 21:1; and 'the sea of Galilee,' John
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

Joshua
The book of Joshua is the natural complement of the Pentateuch. Moses is dead, but the people are on the verge of the promised land, and the story of early Israel would be incomplete, did it not record the conquest of that land and her establishment upon it. The divine purpose moves restlessly on, until it is accomplished; so "after the death of Moses, Jehovah spake to Joshua," i. 1. The book falls naturally into three divisions: (a) the conquest of Canaan (i.-xii.), (b) the settlement of the
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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