Job 17:16

Will it go down to the gates of Sheol? Will we go down together into the dust?"

Study Bible

Will it go down
The phrase "Will it go down" suggests a movement towards a lower place, both physically and metaphorically. In the Hebrew context, the verb "yarad" is often used to describe descending or going down. This descent can symbolize a journey into despair or death, reflecting Job's deep sense of hopelessness. In the ancient Near Eastern culture, descending often implied entering a realm of darkness or the unknown, which aligns with Job's lamentation over his dire circumstances.

to the gates
The "gates" in ancient times were not just physical entry points but also symbolic of transition and judgment. In the Hebrew Bible, gates often represent places of decision-making and authority. Here, the gates of Sheol signify the threshold between life and death, a place where earthly life ends and the afterlife begins. This imagery underscores the finality and inevitability of death, which Job feels is approaching.

of Sheol
"Sheol" is a Hebrew term referring to the abode of the dead, a shadowy place where the departed spirits reside. It is not equivalent to the Christian concept of hell but rather a neutral place of the dead. In the Old Testament, Sheol is often depicted as a place of silence and forgetfulness, emphasizing the separation from the living and from God. Job's reference to Sheol highlights his profound sense of isolation and the cessation of life as he knows it.

Will we descend
The phrase "Will we descend" continues the theme of moving downward, suggesting a collective journey into death. The use of "we" implies a shared human experience, acknowledging that death is a common destiny for all. This communal aspect reflects the biblical understanding of humanity's shared mortality and the inevitability of returning to the earth.

together
"Together" emphasizes unity in the human experience of death. It suggests that despite the individual nature of suffering, there is a collective aspect to mortality. This can be seen as a comfort or a further lament, depending on the perspective. In Job's context, it may reflect his feeling of solidarity with others who suffer, yet also a deep loneliness in his personal plight.

into the dust
The phrase "into the dust" evokes the creation narrative in Genesis, where humanity is formed from the dust of the ground. It signifies the return to the earth, the cycle of life and death. Dust is a powerful biblical symbol of mortality and humility, reminding believers of their origins and their ultimate return to the earth. For Job, this return to dust is a poignant reminder of his frailty and the transient nature of life.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Job
The central figure in the Book of Job, a man of great faith and patience who undergoes severe trials and suffering. In this chapter, Job is expressing his despair and grappling with the reality of death.

2. Sheol
In Hebrew thought, Sheol is the realm of the dead, a place of darkness and shadow where the dead reside. It is often depicted as a place of waiting, devoid of the presence of God.

3. The Gates of Sheol
Symbolic of the entrance to the realm of the dead, representing the inevitability and finality of death.

4. Dust
A reference to the creation account where man is formed from dust (Genesis 2:7) and to which he returns after death (Genesis 3:19). It symbolizes mortality and the transient nature of human life.

Teaching Points

The Reality of Mortality
Job's reflection on death reminds us of the certainty of mortality. As believers, we are called to live with an eternal perspective, understanding that our time on earth is temporary.

The Depth of Despair
Job's words express profound despair, a reminder that even the faithful can experience deep sorrow. It is important to acknowledge and address our emotions honestly before God.

Hope Beyond Sheol
While Job speaks of descending into Sheol, the broader biblical account offers hope beyond the grave. Believers can find comfort in the promise of resurrection and eternal life through Christ.

The Importance of Faith in Trials
Job's account encourages us to maintain our faith even when circumstances seem hopeless. Trusting in God's sovereignty and goodness is crucial during times of suffering.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Job's expression of despair in Job 17:16 reflect the human experience of grappling with mortality?

2. In what ways does the concept of Sheol in the Old Testament differ from the New Testament understanding of life after death?

3. How can the hope of resurrection and eternal life in Christ provide comfort in times of suffering and despair?

4. What practical steps can we take to maintain our faith and trust in God during difficult times, as exemplified by Job?

5. How does the theme of returning to dust in Job 17:16 connect with the creation account in Genesis, and what does it teach us about the nature of life and death?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Psalm 16:10
This verse speaks of God not abandoning the soul to Sheol, offering a contrast to Job's despair by highlighting hope in God's deliverance.

Ecclesiastes 12:7
This verse echoes the theme of returning to dust, emphasizing the cycle of life and death and the return of the spirit to God.

1 Corinthians 15:54-55
These verses speak of victory over death through Jesus Christ, providing a New Testament perspective of hope and resurrection that contrasts with Job's lament.