Genesis 23:20

So the field and its cave were deeded by the Hittites to Abraham as a burial site.

Study Bible

So the field and its cave
This phrase refers to the field of Machpelah and its cave, located near Hebron in the land of Canaan. The cave of Machpelah is significant as it becomes the burial site for the patriarchs and matriarchs of Israel. Archaeologically, this site is traditionally identified with the Cave of the Patriarchs in modern-day Hebron, a place of pilgrimage and reverence. The field and cave symbolize a tangible piece of the Promised Land that Abraham legally owns, marking the beginning of the fulfillment of God's promise to give the land to his descendants.

were deeded by the Hittites
The Hittites, in this context, refer to the inhabitants of the land of Canaan, not the Anatolian Hittite Empire. This transaction is significant as it is one of the earliest recorded instances of a legal property transaction in the Bible. The deed signifies a formal and recognized transfer of property, emphasizing the legitimacy of Abraham's claim. The Hittites' willingness to sell the land to Abraham reflects his status and respect in the region, despite being a foreigner.

to Abraham
Abraham, the patriarch of the Israelites, is central to the narrative of Genesis. His acquisition of the burial site is a testament to his faith and God's covenant with him. This purchase is a step towards the fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham that his descendants would inherit the land. It also underscores Abraham's foresight and faith in God's promises, as he secures a permanent place for his family in the Promised Land.

as a burial site
The designation of the field and cave as a burial site is significant for several reasons. Culturally, it reflects the ancient Near Eastern practice of family burials, which were important for maintaining family heritage and identity. Biblically, it foreshadows the future burials of Sarah, Abraham, Isaac, Rebekah, Leah, and Jacob, making it a foundational site for the Israelite patriarchs. Theologically, it points to the hope of resurrection and eternal life, themes that are later fulfilled in the New Testament through Jesus Christ, who is often seen as the ultimate fulfillment of God's promises to Abraham.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Abraham
The patriarch of the Israelites, chosen by God to be the father of many nations. In this passage, he secures a burial site for his wife, Sarah.

2. Hittites
A group of people living in the land of Canaan. They owned the land that Abraham purchased for a burial site.

3. Field and Cave of Machpelah
The specific location purchased by Abraham. It becomes a significant burial site for the patriarchs and matriarchs of Israel.

4. Sarah
Abraham's wife, whose death prompts the purchase of the burial site.

5. Canaan
The land where the Hittites lived and where Abraham was residing as a foreigner.

Teaching Points

Faith in God's Promises
Abraham's purchase of the burial site demonstrates his faith in God's promise of the land to his descendants. Even in death, he acts in faith, securing a piece of the promised land.

The Importance of Legacy
The burial site becomes a family legacy, a tangible connection to God's promises. It reminds us of the importance of leaving a spiritual legacy for future generations.

Respect for the Dead
Abraham's actions show respect and honor for his deceased wife, Sarah. This teaches us the importance of honoring our loved ones in death.

God's Sovereignty in Our Lives
The transaction with the Hittites shows God's sovereignty in providing for Abraham's needs, even in a foreign land. It encourages us to trust God's provision in our own lives.

The Pilgrim Life
Abraham's life as a foreigner in Canaan reflects the Christian life as pilgrims on earth, looking forward to our eternal home.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Abraham's purchase of the burial site reflect his faith in God's promises, and how can we apply this faith in our own lives today?

2. In what ways does the burial site of Machpelah serve as a legacy for Abraham's descendants, and how can we create a spiritual legacy for our families?

3. How does the interaction between Abraham and the Hittites demonstrate God's provision, and what are some ways we can recognize God's provision in our daily lives?

4. What can we learn from Abraham's respect for Sarah in death, and how can we apply this respect in our relationships with loved ones?

5. How does the concept of living as a foreigner in a promised land relate to the Christian experience, and what scriptures can we connect to this theme?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 49:29-32
This passage describes Jacob's instructions to be buried in the cave of Machpelah, highlighting its continued significance as a family burial site.

Hebrews 11:9-10
This New Testament passage reflects on Abraham's faith, living as a foreigner in the promised land, which connects to his purchase of the burial site as an act of faith in God's promises.

Acts 7:16
Stephen's speech references the burial site, showing its importance in the history of Israel and the fulfillment of God's promises.