Galatians 2:16

know that a man is not justified by works of the law, but by faith in Jesus Christ. So we, too, have believed in Christ Jesus, that we may be justified by faith in Christ and not by works of the law, because by works of the law no one will be justified.

Study Bible

know that
The Greek word for "know" here is "eidō," which implies a deep, intuitive understanding or awareness. This knowledge is not merely intellectual but experiential, rooted in the revelation of God's truth. In the context of Galatians, Paul is emphasizing a certainty that transcends human wisdom, pointing to a divine revelation that the Galatian believers should hold with conviction.

a man is not justified
The term "justified" comes from the Greek "dikaioō," meaning to be declared righteous. In the Jewish context, justification was often associated with adherence to the Law. Paul is making a radical statement that shifts the basis of righteousness from human effort to divine grace. This is a cornerstone of Christian doctrine, emphasizing that human beings cannot achieve righteousness through their own deeds.

by works of the law
"Works of the law" refers to the observance of the Mosaic Law, which includes rituals, ceremonies, and moral codes. Historically, the Jewish people believed that adherence to these laws was essential for maintaining a covenant relationship with God. Paul challenges this notion by asserting that these works cannot justify anyone before God, highlighting the insufficiency of the law in providing salvation.

but by faith in Jesus Christ
The phrase "faith in Jesus Christ" underscores the central Christian doctrine of salvation through faith alone. The Greek word for faith, "pistis," implies trust, reliance, and confidence in Jesus Christ as the Messiah and Savior. This faith is not a mere intellectual assent but a transformative trust that results in a personal relationship with Christ.

So we, too, have believed in Christ Jesus
Paul includes himself and his fellow Jewish Christians in this statement, indicating that even those who were once under the law have come to understand the necessity of faith in Christ. The act of believing, "pisteuō," is a personal commitment and trust in Jesus, signifying a shift from reliance on the law to reliance on Christ.

that we may be justified by faith in Christ
This reiterates the earlier point, emphasizing that justification is a result of faith in Christ. The repetition serves to reinforce the message that faith, not law, is the means of being declared righteous before God. It is a transformative faith that aligns believers with the righteousness of Christ.

and not by works of the law
Paul contrasts faith with the works of the law once more to drive home the point that human efforts, no matter how sincere, cannot achieve justification. This distinction is crucial in understanding the grace-based nature of the New Covenant, which stands in contrast to the works-based approach of the Old Covenant.

because by works of the law no one will be justified
This final clause serves as a conclusive statement, underscoring the futility of seeking justification through the law. The universality of this statement ("no one") highlights the comprehensive nature of sin and the universal need for a Savior. It reflects the historical reality that the law, while holy and good, was never intended to be the means of salvation but to point to the need for Christ.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Paul the Apostle
The author of the letter to the Galatians, addressing the issue of justification by faith versus works of the law.

2. Galatians
The recipients of the letter, a group of early Christians in the region of Galatia who were being influenced by Judaizers to follow Jewish law.

3. Jesus Christ
Central figure in Christianity, whose life, death, and resurrection are the basis for justification by faith.

4. Judaizers
A group within the early church advocating for adherence to Jewish law as necessary for salvation.

5. The Law
Refers to the Mosaic Law, which includes the commandments and rituals given to the Israelites in the Old Testament.

Teaching Points

Justification by Faith Alone
Emphasize that our right standing with God is based solely on faith in Jesus Christ, not on our ability to follow the law or perform good works.

The Role of the Law
Understand that the law serves to reveal sin and our need for a Savior, but it cannot save us. It points us to Christ, who fulfills the law.

Faith in Action
While we are justified by faith, true faith will naturally produce good works as evidence of a transformed life.

Freedom in Christ
Embrace the freedom that comes from being justified by faith, which liberates us from the burden of trying to earn God's favor through legalistic practices.

Unity in the Gospel
Recognize that the gospel unites all believers, regardless of background, as we are all justified by the same faith in Christ.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does understanding justification by faith impact your daily walk with Christ?

2. In what ways can you guard against the temptation to rely on works for your justification?

3. How can the principle of justification by faith alone foster unity within the church?

4. What are some practical ways to demonstrate your faith through actions, as encouraged by James 2:24?

5. How does the freedom found in Christ influence your approach to spiritual disciplines and obedience to God's commands?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Romans 3:28
Paul reiterates that a person is justified by faith apart from works of the law, emphasizing the same principle found in Galatians 2:16.

Ephesians 2:8-9
Highlights that salvation is by grace through faith, not by works, to prevent boasting.

Philippians 3:9
Paul expresses his desire to be found in Christ, not having a righteousness of his own from the law, but that which is through faith in Christ.

James 2:24
While James emphasizes that faith without works is dead, it complements Paul's teaching by showing that genuine faith results in good works.