Ezra 5:17

Now, therefore, if it pleases the king, let a search be made of the royal archives in Babylon to see if King Cyrus did indeed issue a decree to rebuild the house of God in Jerusalem. Then let the king send us his decision in this matter.

Study Bible

Now, therefore, if it pleases the king
This phrase reflects the respectful and diplomatic approach taken by the Jewish leaders when addressing the Persian king. It underscores the importance of seeking favor and permission from the ruling authority, a common practice in ancient Near Eastern cultures. This approach is consistent with biblical teachings on respecting governing authorities (Romans 13:1).

let a search be made of the royal archives in Babylon
The request to search the royal archives indicates the existence of a well-organized record-keeping system in the Persian Empire. Babylon, as a major center of administration, housed important documents. This reflects the historical accuracy of the biblical narrative, as archaeological findings have confirmed the presence of such archives. The search for records is a testament to the importance of written decrees in maintaining legal and governmental continuity.

to see if King Cyrus did indeed issue a decree
King Cyrus of Persia is a significant figure in biblical history, known for his decree allowing the Jews to return to Jerusalem and rebuild the temple (Ezra 1:1-4). This decree fulfilled the prophecy of Isaiah (Isaiah 44:28) and Jeremiah (Jeremiah 29:10), highlighting God's sovereignty in using foreign rulers to accomplish His purposes. The verification of this decree is crucial for the legitimacy of the Jewish efforts to rebuild the temple.

to rebuild the house of God in Jerusalem
The rebuilding of the temple in Jerusalem is central to the Jewish identity and worship. The temple was the dwelling place of God's presence among His people, and its reconstruction symbolized the restoration of the covenant relationship. This effort is a precursor to the ultimate fulfillment in Jesus Christ, who referred to His body as the temple (John 2:19-21), signifying the new covenant and the indwelling of God's presence through the Holy Spirit.

Then let the king send us his decision in this matter
The request for a decision from the king emphasizes the dependence of the Jewish leaders on the Persian authority for the continuation of their work. It reflects the political realities of the time, where the Jewish community was subject to the rule of a foreign empire. This situation foreshadows the ultimate reliance on God's sovereign will, as seen in the New Testament, where believers are called to trust in God's plan and timing (Proverbs 3:5-6).

Persons / Places / Events

1. King Cyrus
The Persian king who initially issued the decree allowing the Jews to return to Jerusalem and rebuild the temple. His decree is central to the events in Ezra 5:17.

2. Babylon
The location of the royal archives where the search for the decree is to be conducted. Babylon was a significant city in the Persian Empire and a place of exile for the Jews.

3. Jerusalem
The city where the temple is being rebuilt. It is the spiritual and cultural center for the Jewish people.

4. The House of God
Refers to the temple in Jerusalem, which is the focal point of Jewish worship and the subject of the rebuilding efforts.

5. The Royal Archives
The repository of official documents and decrees, where the search for King Cyrus's decree is to be conducted.

Teaching Points

The Sovereignty of God
God's hand is evident in the affairs of nations and rulers. He can use even pagan kings to accomplish His divine purposes, as seen in the decree of Cyrus.

The Importance of Historical Records
The search in the royal archives underscores the value of historical documentation in verifying God's work and promises. It reminds us to be diligent in seeking truth and understanding history.

Faithfulness in Adversity
The Jews' persistence in rebuilding the temple despite opposition teaches us to remain faithful to God's calling, trusting that He will provide a way forward.

The Role of Government in God's Plan
This passage illustrates how God can use governmental authorities to support His people and purposes. It encourages us to pray for leaders and seek their favor in fulfilling God's work.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the decree of King Cyrus demonstrate God's sovereignty over world events, and how can this understanding impact our view of current global affairs?

2. In what ways can we ensure that we are diligent in seeking truth and understanding the historical context of our faith, similar to the search in the royal archives?

3. How can we remain faithful to God's calling in our lives, even when facing opposition or uncertainty, as the Jews did during the rebuilding of the temple?

4. What role do you see for government and authorities in supporting or hindering God's work today, and how can we pray for and engage with them effectively?

5. How can the account of the rebuilding of the temple inspire us to rebuild or restore areas of our lives or communities that have been neglected or opposed?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Ezra 1:1-4
This passage details the original decree by King Cyrus, which is the subject of the search in Ezra 5:17. It provides the historical context for the rebuilding of the temple.

Daniel 6:1-28
This chapter highlights the importance of royal decrees in the Persian Empire and the unchangeable nature of such decrees once issued.

2 Chronicles 36:22-23
These verses parallel the decree of Cyrus, emphasizing God's sovereignty in moving the heart of a pagan king to fulfill His purposes.