Exodus 18:22
Have these men judge the people at all times. Then they can bring you any major issue, but all minor cases they can judge on their own, so that your load may be lightened as they share it with you.
Have these men judge the people at all times.
This directive from Jethro to Moses emphasizes the establishment of a judicial system among the Israelites. The concept of appointing judges is foundational in maintaining order and justice within the community. This system prefigures the later establishment of judges in Israel, as seen in the Book of Judges. It reflects God's desire for structured leadership and accountability, ensuring that justice is accessible to all. The phrase "at all times" suggests a continuous and consistent application of justice, which is crucial for maintaining societal stability.

Then they can bring you any major issue,
This phrase highlights the principle of delegation and the importance of prioritizing leadership responsibilities. Major issues, likely involving complex legal or moral dilemmas, are to be escalated to Moses, who acts as the ultimate human authority under God. This mirrors the New Testament principle of church leadership, where elders and deacons handle various matters, but significant issues are brought to the church's spiritual leaders. It underscores the need for wisdom and discernment in leadership roles.

but all minor cases they can judge on their own,
The delegation of minor cases to appointed judges allows for efficient governance and prevents the overburdening of a single leader. This system ensures that justice is swift and accessible, preventing delays that could lead to unrest or dissatisfaction among the people. It reflects the biblical principle of stewardship, where leaders are entrusted with responsibilities according to their abilities. This approach is echoed in the New Testament, where believers are encouraged to resolve disputes among themselves before seeking higher authority.

so that your load may be lightened
This phrase addresses the practical need for leaders to avoid burnout by sharing responsibilities. It acknowledges human limitations and the necessity of support systems within leadership structures. The concept of lightening the load is seen in Jesus' invitation in Matthew 11:28-30, where He offers rest to those who are weary. It emphasizes the importance of community and shared burdens, a theme prevalent throughout Scripture.

as they share it with you.
The sharing of responsibilities fosters a sense of community and collective ownership of the judicial process. It encourages the development of leadership skills among the appointed judges and promotes unity within the community. This principle is reflected in the New Testament church, where spiritual gifts are distributed among believers for the edification of the body of Christ. It highlights the importance of collaboration and mutual support in fulfilling God's purposes.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Moses
The leader of the Israelites, chosen by God to lead His people out of Egypt. He is the central figure in this passage, receiving advice from his father-in-law.

2. Jethro
Moses' father-in-law, a priest of Midian, who provides wise counsel to Moses on how to manage the burden of leadership.

3. Israelites
The people of God, who are in the wilderness after their exodus from Egypt. They are the ones being judged and led by Moses.

4. Judges
Appointed leaders among the Israelites who are tasked with handling minor disputes, allowing Moses to focus on more significant issues.

5. Wilderness
The setting where the Israelites are journeying towards the Promised Land, a place of testing and reliance on God.
Teaching Points
The Wisdom of Delegation
Jethro's advice to Moses underscores the importance of delegation in leadership. Leaders should not bear the burden alone but should empower others to share in the responsibilities.

Shared Responsibility
By appointing judges, Moses lightened his load, which is a practical example of shared responsibility. This principle can be applied in various contexts, including church leadership, family, and work environments.

Empowering Others
Delegation is not just about reducing workload but also about empowering others to grow and serve. It allows others to use their gifts and develop their leadership skills.

Listening to Wise Counsel
Moses' willingness to listen to Jethro's advice demonstrates humility and openness to wisdom from others, even those outside the immediate community of faith.

Sustainable Leadership
Effective leadership involves creating systems that are sustainable and prevent burnout. This passage teaches the importance of creating structures that support long-term success.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the principle of delegation in Exodus 18:22 apply to your current responsibilities at work, home, or church?

2. In what ways can you identify and empower others around you to share in responsibilities, as Moses did with the judges?

3. Reflect on a time when you received wise counsel from someone. How did it impact your decision-making and leadership?

4. How can the model of shared responsibility seen in Exodus 18:22 be applied to modern church leadership and ministry?

5. Consider the role of humility in leadership. How does Moses' example of listening to Jethro challenge or encourage you in your leadership style?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Deuteronomy 1:9-18
This passage recounts Moses' implementation of Jethro's advice, emphasizing the importance of shared leadership and delegation.

Acts 6:1-7
The early church faced a similar situation where the apostles delegated responsibilities to others (the first deacons) to focus on prayer and ministry of the word.

1 Corinthians 12:12-27
Paul speaks about the body of Christ and the distribution of gifts, highlighting the importance of each member playing a role in the community.
Jethro's AdviceD. Young Exodus 18:13-26
Good Counsel Well TakenJ. Urquhart Exodus 18:13-27
The Appointment of JudgesJ. Orr Exodus 18:13-27
A Proposal for the Public GoodExodus 18:17-22
Divine Ordinances of LabourS. Cox, D. D.Exodus 18:17-22
Division of LabourW. M. Taylor, D. D.Exodus 18:17-22
Exhausting LabourH. O. Mackey.Exodus 18:17-22
Freedom of ResortJ. Spencer.Exodus 18:17-22
God-Fearing Men for Responsible PositionsH. O. Mackey.Exodus 18:17-22
How to Receive CounselJ. M. Gibson, D. D.Exodus 18:17-22
Jethro's AdviceJ. C. Gray.Exodus 18:17-22
Jethro's Advice to MosesW. Edwards.Exodus 18:17-22
Jethro's Justice of PeaceT. Brooks.Exodus 18:17-22
Justice to be Done in Small MattersS. S. ChronicleExodus 18:17-22
LessonsG. Hughes, B. D.Exodus 18:17-22
LessonsG. Hughes, B. D.Exodus 18:17-22
Lessons on Ver. 17J. S. Exell, M. A.Exodus 18:17-22
Need of a Heroic Spirit in JudgesT. Brooks.Exodus 18:17-22
Setting Others to WorkChristian AgeExodus 18:17-22
Spiritual Vocation the HighestJ. Parker, D. D.Exodus 18:17-22
The Folly of Solitary RulershipJ. S. Exell, M. A.Exodus 18:17-22
Undue Application to Laborious DutiesH. Melvill, B. D.Exodus 18:17-22
The Economy of ForceH.T. Robjohns Exodus 18:17-27
People
Aaron, Egyptians, Eliezer, Gershom, Jethro, Moses, Pharaoh, Zipporah
Places
Egypt, Midian, Rephidim
Topics
Bear, Borne, Bring, Burden, Case, Cases, Causes, Decide, Decisions, Difficult, Dispute, Easier, Important, Judge, Judged, Judges, Less, Lighten, Lighter, Load, Major, Matter, Minor, Pass, Questions, Seasons, Share, Simple, Task, Themselves, Thyself, Weight
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Exodus 18:13-24

     5636   work, and rest

Exodus 18:13-26

     5054   responsibility, examples
     5358   judges
     8438   giving, of time

Exodus 18:14-27

     5685   fathers, responsibilities

Exodus 18:17-23

     5582   tiredness

Exodus 18:17-24

     5779   advice

Exodus 18:20-23

     5489   rank

Exodus 18:21-26

     7719   elders, as leaders

Library
The Ideal Statesman [Footnote: Preached on Occasion of Mr. Gladstone's Death. ]
'Thou shalt provide out of all the people able men, such as fear God, men of truth, hating covetousness; and place such over them.'--EXODUS xviii. 21. You will have anticipated my purpose in selecting this text. I should be doing violence to your feelings and mine if I made no reference to the event which has united the Empire and the world in one sentiment. The great tree has fallen, and the crash has for the moment silenced all the sounds of the forest. Wars abroad and controversies at home are
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Gershom and Eliezer
'The name of the one [of Moses' sons] was Gershom ... and the name of the other was Eliezer....'--EXODUS xviii. 3, 4. In old times parents often used to give expression to their hopes or their emotions in the names of their children. Very clearly that was the case in Moses' naming of his two sons, who seem to have been the whole of his family. The significance of each name is appended to it in the text. The explanation of the first is, 'For he said, I have been an alien in a strange land'; and that
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Origin and Growth of Law.
MOSES' WORK AS JUDGE AND PROPHET.--Ex. 18; 1-27; 33:5-11. Parallel References. Hist. Bible I, 198-203. Prin. of Politics, Ch. VI. Maine, Ancient Law. Jehovah spake to Moses face to face, as a man speaketh unto his friend--Ex. 33: 11. And Moses chose able men out of all Israel, and made them heads over the people, rulers of thousands, rulers of hundreds, rulers of fifties, and rulers of tens. And they judged the people at all seasons: the hard cases they brought unto Moses, but every small
Charles Foster Kent—The Making of a Nation

The Development of the Earlier Old Testament Laws
[Sidenote: First the principle, and then the detailed laws] If the canon of the New Testament had remained open as long as did that of the Old, there is little doubt that it also would have contained many laws, legal precedents, and ecclesiastical histories. From the writings of the Church Fathers and the records of the Catholic Church it is possible to conjecture what these in general would have been. The early history of Christianity illustrates the universal fact that the broad principles are
Charles Foster Kent—The Origin & Permanent Value of the Old Testament

That the Ruler Relax not his Care for the Things that are Within in his Occupation among the Things that are Without, nor Neglect to Provide
The ruler should not relax his care for the things that are within in his occupation among the things that are without, nor neglect to provide for the things that are without in his solicitude for the things that are within; lest either, given up to the things that are without, he fall away from his inmost concerns, or, occupied only with the things that are within bestow not on his neighbours outside himself what he owes them. For it is often the case that some, as if forgetting that they have
Leo the Great—Writings of Leo the Great

Opposition to Messiah Ruinous
Thou shalt break them with a rod of iron; Thou shalt dash them in pieces like a potter's vessel T here is a species of the sublime in writing, which seems peculiar to the Scripture, and of which, properly, no subjects but those of divine revelation are capable, With us, things inconsiderable in themselves are elevated by splendid images, which give them an apparent importance beyond what they can justly claim. Thus the poet, when describing a battle among bees, by a judicious selection of epithets
John Newton—Messiah Vol. 2

Easter Tuesday
Second Sermon. Same Text. Acts 13, 26-39. THE WORD AND THE RESURRECTION.[1] [Footnote 1: This sermon appeared first in the Church Postil, the Explanation of the Epistle and Gospel Texts from Easter to Advent. Printed by Hans Lufft, Wittenberg, 1559.] 1. This sermon was preached by Paul in the synagogue at Antioch of Pisidia, where were gathered with the Jews some Greek converts. Wherever in a city Jews were to be found, there also were their synagogues in which they taught and preached; and many
Martin Luther—Epistle Sermons, Vol. II

After the Scripture.
"In the day that God created man, in the likeness of God created He him."--Gen. v. 1. In the preceding pages we have shown that the translation, "in Our image," actually means, "after Our image." To make anything in an image is no language; it is unthinkable, logically untrue. We now proceed to show how it should be translated, and give our reason for it. We begin with citing some passages from the Old Testament in which occurs the preposition "B" which, in Gen. i. 27, stands before image, where
Abraham Kuyper—The Work of the Holy Spirit

Appendix xii. The Baptism of Proselytes
ONLY those who have made study of it can have any idea how large, and sometimes bewildering, is the literature on the subject of Jewish Proselytes and their Baptism. Our present remarks will be confined to the Baptism of Proselytes. 1. Generally, as regards proselytes (Gerim) we have to distinguish between the Ger ha-Shaar (proselyte of the gate) and Ger Toshabh (sojourner,' settled among Israel), and again the Ger hatstsedeq (proselyte of righteousness) and Ger habberith (proselyte of the covenant).
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

Exodus
The book of Exodus--so named in the Greek version from the march of Israel out of Egypt--opens upon a scene of oppression very different from the prosperity and triumph in which Genesis had closed. Israel is being cruelly crushed by the new dynasty which has arisen in Egypt (i.) and the story of the book is the story of her redemption. Ultimately it is Israel's God that is her redeemer, but He operates largely by human means; and the first step is the preparation of a deliverer, Moses, whose parentage,
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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