Exodus 18:14

When his father-in-law saw all that Moses was doing for the people, he asked, "What is this that you are doing for the people? Why do you sit alone as judge, with all the people standing around you from morning till evening?"

Study Bible

When his father-in-law saw
The phrase highlights the role of Jethro, Moses' father-in-law, who is a Midianite priest. The Hebrew root for "saw" is "ra'ah," which implies not just physical sight but also understanding and insight. Jethro's observation is significant because it comes from an outsider's perspective, offering a fresh and wise viewpoint. Historically, this moment underscores the importance of community and family in providing counsel and support, even to great leaders like Moses.

all that Moses was doing for the people
This phrase emphasizes the extensive responsibilities Moses had taken upon himself. The Hebrew word for "doing" is "asah," which means to make or accomplish. Moses was not just leading; he was actively involved in the daily lives and disputes of the Israelites. This reflects the burdens of leadership and the potential for burnout, a timeless lesson for leaders in any era.

he said, 'What is this you are doing for the people?
Jethro's question is both direct and probing. The Hebrew word for "doing" here is again "asah," reinforcing the active role Moses played. Jethro's inquiry is a catalyst for change, prompting Moses to reflect on his methods. This moment is a reminder of the value of questioning and accountability in leadership, encouraging leaders to evaluate their effectiveness and seek better ways to serve.

Why do you sit alone as judge
The phrase "sit alone" highlights Moses' solitary role in judging the people. The Hebrew word for "sit" is "yashab," which can mean to dwell or remain. This suggests a static position, indicating that Moses was entrenched in his role. The concept of sitting as a judge also reflects ancient Near Eastern practices where leaders would sit at the city gates to render decisions. Jethro's question challenges the sustainability of this model, advocating for shared leadership.

while all the people stand around you
This phrase paints a vivid picture of the scene, with Moses seated and the people standing. The Hebrew word for "stand" is "amad," which implies waiting or enduring. The image of the people standing around Moses from morning till evening suggests a bottleneck in leadership, where the needs of the many are not efficiently met. This scenario underscores the necessity for delegation and the empowerment of others to share in leadership responsibilities.

from morning till evening?
The phrase indicates the exhaustive nature of Moses' workday. The Hebrew words "boker" (morning) and "ereb" (evening) frame the day, suggesting a relentless and unsustainable pace. This detail highlights the human limitations of even the most dedicated leaders and the need for rest and balance. It serves as a timeless reminder of the importance of sustainable practices in leadership and the wisdom of seeking help and sharing burdens.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The central figure in this passage, Moses is leading the Israelites and serving as their judge, handling disputes and teaching God's laws.

2. Jethro
Moses' father-in-law, a Midianite priest, who visits Moses and observes his leadership style, offering wise counsel.

3. The Israelites
The people of God, who are in the wilderness after their exodus from Egypt, seeking guidance and judgment from Moses.

4. Wilderness of Sinai
The location where this event takes place, a significant setting for the Israelites' journey and their covenant with God.

5. Judging the People
The event where Moses is seen judging the people from morning till evening, highlighting the burden of leadership he carries.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Wise Counsel
Jethro's advice to Moses underscores the value of seeking and heeding wise counsel from others, especially those with experience and insight.

Delegation and Shared Leadership
Moses' initial approach to leadership was unsustainable. This passage teaches the importance of delegating responsibilities to prevent burnout and ensure effective governance.

Humility in Leadership
Moses demonstrates humility by listening to Jethro's advice, reminding us that true leaders are open to learning and adapting.

Balancing Work and Rest
The passage highlights the need for balance in work and rest, as Moses' continuous judging from morning till evening was not sustainable.

Community and Support
The role of community in supporting leaders is crucial. This passage encourages believers to support their leaders and share in the responsibilities of the community.

Bible Study Questions

1. What can we learn from Moses' willingness to listen to Jethro's advice, and how can we apply this in our own lives when receiving counsel from others?

2. How does the principle of delegation seen in Exodus 18:14 relate to the structure and function of leadership within the church today?

3. In what ways can we ensure that we are not overburdening ourselves with responsibilities, and how can we seek help from others in our community?

4. How does the concept of shared leadership in Exodus 18:14 connect with the New Testament model of church leadership, such as the appointment of deacons in Acts 6?

5. Reflect on a time when you had to balance work and rest. How does this passage encourage you to find a sustainable rhythm in your daily life?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Deuteronomy 1:9-18
This passage recounts Moses' appointment of leaders to help him judge the people, echoing Jethro's advice.

Acts 6:1-7
The early church appoints deacons to assist the apostles, reflecting the principle of shared leadership and delegation.

Proverbs 11:14
Emphasizes the value of wise counsel, aligning with Jethro's role in advising Moses.