Deuteronomy 31:10

Then Moses commanded them, "At the end of every seven years, at the appointed time in the year of remission of debt, during the Feast of Tabernacles,

Study Bible

Then Moses commanded them
Moses, as the leader and prophet of Israel, is giving instructions to the Israelites. This command is part of his final address before his death and the entry of the Israelites into the Promised Land. Moses' role as a mediator of God's law is crucial, as he is seen as a type of Christ, who also mediates a new covenant (Hebrews 3:1-6).

At the end of every seven years
This refers to the sabbatical year, a cycle of seven years established in the Mosaic Law (Leviticus 25:1-7). Every seventh year was a time of rest for the land and a release from debts, symbolizing God's provision and the importance of trust in His sovereignty. This cycle points to the ultimate rest found in Christ (Hebrews 4:9-10).

At the appointed time in the year of remission of debt
The year of remission, or "Shemitah," was a time when debts were forgiven, reflecting God's mercy and grace. This practice ensured economic balance and social justice within the community. It foreshadows the spiritual forgiveness and release from the debt of sin through Jesus Christ (Colossians 2:13-14).

During the Feast of Tabernacles
The Feast of Tabernacles, or Sukkot, was one of the three major pilgrimage festivals in Israel (Leviticus 23:33-43). It commemorated the Israelites' journey through the wilderness and God's provision. This feast is prophetic of the future gathering of God's people and the establishment of His kingdom, as seen in Zechariah 14:16-19. It also symbolizes the believer's journey and reliance on God's provision, ultimately fulfilled in Christ, who "tabernacled" among us (John 1:14).

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The leader of the Israelites who received the Law from God and delivered it to the people. He is giving instructions for the reading of the Law.

2. Israelites
The chosen people of God, who are being prepared to enter the Promised Land. They are the recipients of Moses' instructions.

3. Feast of Tabernacles (Sukkot)
A significant Jewish festival that commemorates the Israelites' journey through the wilderness and God's provision. It is a time of rejoicing and remembrance.

4. Year for Canceling Debts (Shemittah)
Occurs every seven years, a time when debts are forgiven, and the land is left to rest. It is a demonstration of trust in God's provision.

5. Promised Land
The land of Canaan, which God promised to Abraham and his descendants. The Israelites are on the brink of entering this land.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Remembrance
The command to read the Law every seven years during the Feast of Tabernacles serves as a reminder of God's faithfulness and provision. It is crucial for believers to regularly revisit God's Word to remember His promises and commands.

Trust in God's Provision
The practice of canceling debts and allowing the land to rest requires a deep trust in God's provision. Believers are encouraged to trust God in their financial and personal lives, knowing He will provide for their needs.

Community and Accountability
The public reading of the Law fosters a sense of community and accountability among the Israelites. Similarly, Christians are called to gather together, study Scripture, and hold each other accountable in their walk with God.

Freedom and Release
The year of debt cancellation symbolizes spiritual freedom and release. Believers are reminded of the freedom found in Christ, who cancels the debt of sin and offers new life.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the practice of reading the Law every seven years during the Feast of Tabernacles emphasize the importance of God's Word in our lives today?

2. In what ways can we demonstrate trust in God's provision, similar to the Israelites during the Sabbatical year?

3. How can the principles of community and accountability seen in this passage be applied in our church or small group settings?

4. What are some modern-day "debts" (spiritual, emotional, relational) that we need to release or forgive, following the example of the Shemittah year?

5. How does the concept of freedom and release in the Sabbatical year point us to the freedom we have in Christ, and how can we live out this freedom daily?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Leviticus 25
Discusses the Sabbatical year and the Year of Jubilee, providing further context on the practice of debt cancellation and land rest.

Nehemiah 8
Describes the public reading of the Law during the Feast of Tabernacles, illustrating the fulfillment of Moses' command.

Luke 4
Jesus reads from Isaiah in the synagogue, proclaiming the year of the Lord's favor, which echoes the themes of release and freedom found in the Sabbatical year.