Deuteronomy 19:2

then you are to set apart for yourselves three cities within the land that the LORD your God is giving you to possess.

Study Bible

then you are to set apart for yourselves three cities
The instruction to set apart cities is part of the Mosaic Law, specifically concerning the establishment of cities of refuge. These cities were designated places where individuals who had accidentally committed manslaughter could flee for safety from the avenger of blood, a family member seeking retribution. This provision underscores the value of human life and the importance of justice tempered with mercy. The number three is significant, as it represents completeness and divine order in biblical numerology. The concept of refuge is a type of Christ, who provides spiritual refuge for sinners seeking forgiveness and protection from the consequences of sin.

within the land
This phrase emphasizes the geographical context of the command. The cities of refuge were to be located within the Promised Land, the territory that God had promised to the descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. This land was central to the identity and faith of the Israelites, representing God's covenant and faithfulness. The placement of these cities within the land ensured accessibility for all Israelites, reflecting God's justice and care for His people.

that the LORD your God is giving you
This phrase highlights the divine origin of the land grant. The land was not merely a possession obtained through human effort but a gift from God, fulfilling His promises to the patriarchs. This underscores the sovereignty of God in the affairs of nations and His role as the ultimate provider. The giving of the land is a recurring theme in Deuteronomy, reminding the Israelites of their dependence on God and their responsibility to obey His commandments as a response to His grace.

to possess
The term "possess" indicates not only ownership but also the responsibility to inhabit and steward the land according to God's laws. Possession of the land was conditional upon the Israelites' faithfulness to the covenant. This concept is echoed in the New Testament, where believers are called to "possess" their inheritance in Christ, living out their faith in obedience and holiness. The idea of possession also points to the future hope of believers inheriting the kingdom of God, a promise fulfilled through Jesus Christ.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The author of Deuteronomy, who is delivering God's laws and instructions to the Israelites.

2. The Israelites
The chosen people of God, who are preparing to enter the Promised Land.

3. The Promised Land
The land that God promised to Abraham and his descendants, which the Israelites are about to possess.

4. Cities of Refuge
These are the three cities that are to be set apart as places of asylum for those who have committed unintentional manslaughter.

5. The LORD (Yahweh)
The covenant God of Israel, who is giving the land and establishing laws for His people.

Teaching Points

God's Provision for Justice and Mercy
The cities of refuge illustrate God's balance of justice and mercy, providing a way to protect the innocent while upholding the law.

The Importance of Obedience
Setting apart these cities was a command from God, emphasizing the importance of obedience to His instructions for the well-being of the community.

Spiritual Refuge in Christ
Just as the cities provided physical safety, Christ offers spiritual refuge and salvation for those who seek Him.

Community Responsibility
The establishment of these cities highlights the responsibility of the community to protect and provide for one another, especially the vulnerable.

Preparation and Planning
The command to set apart cities before entering the land teaches the importance of preparation and planning in accordance with God's will.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does the establishment of cities of refuge reveal about God's character in terms of justice and mercy?

2. How can the concept of a city of refuge be applied to our understanding of Christ as our spiritual refuge?

3. In what ways does the command to set apart cities of refuge demonstrate the importance of community responsibility?

4. How does the idea of preparation and planning in Deuteronomy 19:2 apply to our personal and spiritual lives today?

5. What are some modern-day equivalents to the cities of refuge, and how can we as Christians support these initiatives?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Numbers 35
Provides detailed instructions about the cities of refuge, including their purpose and the laws governing them.

Joshua 20
Describes the actual implementation of the cities of refuge once the Israelites have entered the Promised Land.

Hebrews 6
Discusses the concept of refuge in a spiritual sense, relating it to the hope we have in Christ.

Psalm 46
Speaks of God as our refuge and strength, a very present help in trouble, which parallels the physical refuge provided by these cities.