Deuteronomy 16:19
Do not deny justice or show partiality. Do not accept a bribe, for a bribe blinds the eyes of the wise and twists the words of the righteous.
Do not deny justice or show partiality.
This command emphasizes the importance of fairness and impartiality in judgment, reflecting God's own nature as a just and impartial judge (Deuteronomy 10:17). In the ancient Near Eastern context, justice was often compromised by social status or wealth, but Israel was called to a higher standard. The Mosaic Law consistently underscores the need for justice, especially for the vulnerable, such as widows, orphans, and foreigners (Exodus 23:6; Leviticus 19:15). This principle is echoed in the New Testament, where believers are reminded that God shows no favoritism (Acts 10:34; James 2:1-9).

Do not accept a bribe,
Bribery was a common practice in ancient times, often used to influence decisions and pervert justice. The prohibition against accepting bribes is a safeguard against corruption, ensuring that leaders and judges maintain integrity. Proverbs 17:23 warns that a wicked man accepts a bribe in secret to pervert the course of justice. The New Testament also speaks against greed and corruption, urging believers to live honestly and uprightly (1 Timothy 6:10; 1 Peter 5:2).

for a bribe blinds the eyes of the wise
This phrase highlights the corrupting power of bribes, which can distort even the judgment of the wise. In biblical literature, wisdom is highly valued, often associated with the fear of the Lord (Proverbs 9:10). However, even the wise can be led astray by the allure of wealth or personal gain. This warning serves as a reminder of the need for vigilance and integrity in leadership. The blinding effect of bribes is a metaphor for the moral and ethical blindness that results from corruption.

and twists the words of the righteous.
The twisting of words refers to the distortion of truth and justice, leading to unjust outcomes. Righteousness in the biblical sense involves living in accordance with God's standards and upholding truth. The righteous are those who seek to live by God's laws and principles, yet even their words can be manipulated by corrupt influences. This phrase underscores the destructive impact of bribery on society, as it undermines trust and the rule of law. The call to uphold justice and righteousness is a recurring theme throughout Scripture, pointing ultimately to Jesus Christ, who embodies perfect justice and righteousness (Isaiah 11:4-5; 1 Corinthians 1:30).

Persons / Places / Events
1. Moses
The author of Deuteronomy, who is delivering God's laws and instructions to the Israelites.

2. Israelites
The audience receiving the laws, as they prepare to enter the Promised Land.

3. Judges and Officials
The individuals specifically addressed in this verse, responsible for maintaining justice among the people.

4. Promised Land
The land of Canaan, where the Israelites are heading and where these laws are to be implemented.

5. God's Covenant
The overarching agreement between God and Israel, which includes adherence to His laws as a condition for blessing.
Teaching Points
Upholding Justice
As followers of Christ, we are called to uphold justice in all areas of life, ensuring fairness and integrity in our dealings.

Avoiding Partiality
We must be vigilant against favoritism, recognizing that all people are created in the image of God and deserve equal treatment.

Rejecting Corruption
Bribery and corruption are antithetical to God's character and His call for righteousness; we must reject them in our personal and professional lives.

Wisdom and Righteousness
True wisdom and righteousness are rooted in God's Word, and we must guard against anything that would compromise our ability to discern and speak truth.

Reflecting God's Character
Our actions should reflect God's justice and righteousness, serving as a testimony to His transformative power in our lives.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the command to "not deny justice or show partiality" challenge our current societal norms, and how can we apply this in our daily interactions?

2. In what ways can accepting a bribe "blind the eyes of the wise" in today's context, and how can we guard against this in our decision-making processes?

3. How do the principles in Deuteronomy 16:19 align with the teachings of Jesus in the New Testament regarding justice and impartiality?

4. Reflect on a time when you witnessed or experienced partiality. How did it affect your perception of justice, and what steps can you take to promote fairness in similar situations?

5. Considering the broader biblical account, how does the call to justice in Deuteronomy 16:19 connect with God's ultimate plan for redemption and restoration through Christ?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Exodus 23:8
This verse also warns against accepting bribes, emphasizing that they corrupt justice.

Proverbs 17:23
Highlights the wickedness of accepting bribes and its impact on justice.

James 2:1-9
Discusses the sin of showing partiality, particularly in the context of the Christian community.

Micah 6:8
Calls for justice, mercy, and humility, aligning with the principles in Deuteronomy 16:19.

Isaiah 1:23
Criticizes leaders who love bribes and fail to defend the cause of the fatherless and the widow.
An Upright JudgeDeuteronomy 16:19
Equality Before the LawHomiletic MonthlyDeuteronomy 16:19
The Acceptance of Bribes DiscouragedMemoir of General Gordon.Deuteronomy 16:19
Impartial JudgesR.M. Edgar Deuteronomy 16:18-20
Model JudgesJ. Orr Deuteronomy 16:18-21
The Administration of JusticeD. Davies Deuteronomy 16:18-22
People
Levites, Moses
Places
Beth-baal-peor, Egypt
Topics
Accept, Aside, Blind, Blindeth, Blinds, Bribe, Cause, Decisions, Discern, Distort, Faces, Gift, Judging, Judgment, Justice, Man's, Moved, Partial, Partiality, Persons, Pervert, Perverteth, Perverts, Position, Respect, Rewards, Righteous, Subverts, Turn, Twists, Upright, Wise, Wrest
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Deuteronomy 16:19

     5134   blindness, natural
     5350   injustice, hated by God
     5501   reward, human
     5882   impartiality
     7150   righteous, the
     8753   favouritism

Deuteronomy 16:18-19

     8471   respect, for human beings

Deuteronomy 16:18-20

     5238   bribery
     5361   justice, human
     5378   law, OT
     5593   trial

Deuteronomy 16:19-20

     8243   ethics, social

Library
The Age of the Apostles (Ad 33-100)
The beginning of the Christian Church is reckoned from the great day on which the Holy Ghost came down, according as our Lord had promised to His Apostles. At that time, "Jews, devout men, out of every nation under heaven," were gathered together at Jerusalem, to keep the Feast of Pentecost (or Feast of Weeks), which was one of the three holy seasons at which God required His people to appear before Him in the place which He had chosen (Deuteronomy xvi. 16). Many of these devout men there converted
J. C. Roberston—Sketches of Church History, from AD 33 to the Reformation

Whether Six Daughters are Fittingly Assigned to Gluttony?
Objection 1: It would seem that six daughters are unfittingly assigned to gluttony, to wit, "unseemly joy, scurrility, uncleanness, loquaciousness, and dullness of mind as regards the understanding." For unseemly joy results from every sin, according to Prov. 2:14, "Who are glad when they have done evil, and rejoice in most wicked things." Likewise dullness of mind is associated with every sin, according to Prov. 14:22, "They err that work evil." Therefore they are unfittingly reckoned to be daughters
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Whether Pride Should be Reckoned a Capital vice?
Objection 1: It would seem that pride should be reckoned a capital vice, since Isidore [*Comment. in Deut. xvi] and Cassian [*De Inst. Caenob. v, 1: Collat. v, 2] number pride among the capital vices. Objection 2: Further, pride is apparently the same as vainglory, since both covet excellence. Now vainglory is reckoned a capital vice. Therefore pride also should be reckoned a capital vice. Objection 3: Further, Augustine says (De Virginit. xxxi) that "pride begets envy, nor is it ever without this
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

The Passing and the Permanent
'For the mountains shall depart, and the hills be removed; but My kindness shall not depart from thee, neither shall the covenant of My peace be removed, saith the Lord that hath mercy on thee.'--ISAIAH liv, 10.-- There is something of music in the very sound of these words. The stately march of the grand English translation lends itself with wonderful beauty to the melody of Isaiah's words. But the thought that lies below them, sweeping as it does through the whole creation, and parting all things
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Obedience
Take heed, and hearken, O Israel; this day thou art become the people of the Lord thy God. Thou shalt therefore obey the voice of the Lord thy God, and do his commandments.' Deut 27: 9, 10. What is the duty which God requireth of man? Obedience to his revealed will. It is not enough to hear God's voice, but we must obey. Obedience is a part of the honour we owe to God. If then I be a Father, where is my honour?' Mal 1: 6. Obedience carries in it the life-blood of religion. Obey the voice of the Lord
Thomas Watson—The Ten Commandments

The Second Commandment
Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth: thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the Lord thy God am o jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of then that hate me; and shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me and keep my commandments.' Exod 20: 4-6. I. Thou shalt not
Thomas Watson—The Ten Commandments

Appeal to the Christian Women of the South
BY A.E. GRIMKE. "Then Mordecai commanded to answer Esther, Think not within thyself that thou shalt escape in the king's house more than all the Jews. For if thou altogether holdest thy peace at this time, then shall there enlargement and deliverance arise to the Jews from another place: but thou and thy father's house shall be destroyed: and who knoweth whether thou art come to the kingdom for such a time as this. And Esther bade them return Mordecai this answer:--and so will I go in unto the king,
Angelina Emily Grimke—An Appeal to the Christian Women of the South

The Life and Death of Mr. Badman,
Presented to the World in a Familiar Dialogue Between Mr. Wiseman and Mr. Attentive. By John Bunyan ADVERTISEMENT BY THE EDITOR. The life of Badman is a very interesting description, a true and lively portraiture, of the demoralized classes of the trading community in the reign of King Charles II; a subject which naturally led the author to use expressions familiar among such persons, but which are now either obsolete or considered as vulgar. In fact it is the only work proceeding from the prolific
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

Deuteronomy
Owing to the comparatively loose nature of the connection between consecutive passages in the legislative section, it is difficult to present an adequate summary of the book of Deuteronomy. In the first section, i.-iv. 40, Moses, after reviewing the recent history of the people, and showing how it reveals Jehovah's love for Israel, earnestly urges upon them the duty of keeping His laws, reminding them of His spirituality and absoluteness. Then follows the appointment, iv. 41-43--here irrelevant (cf.
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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