2 Chronicles 4:3

Below the rim, figures of oxen encircled it, ten per cubit all the way around the Sea, cast in two rows as a part of the Sea.

Study Bible

Below the rim
This phrase refers to the location on the large basin known as the "Sea" in Solomon's Temple. The rim is the upper edge of the basin, indicating that the decorative elements were placed just beneath the top, visible to those who approached. This placement highlights the importance of the design and its visibility to worshippers.

Figures of oxen encircled it
Oxen are significant in biblical symbolism, often representing strength and service. In the context of the Temple, they may symbolize the strength and stability of God's covenant with Israel. The use of oxen in the Temple's design also reflects the agricultural society of ancient Israel, where oxen were vital for farming and sacrifices.

Ten per cubit all the way around the Sea
A cubit is an ancient measurement roughly equivalent to 18 inches or 45 centimeters. The precision of "ten per cubit" indicates a meticulous design, emphasizing the order and beauty of God's creation. This detail reflects the care and craftsmanship involved in constructing the Temple, which was meant to be a dwelling place for God's presence.

Cast in two rows
The casting of the oxen in two rows suggests a sense of completeness and balance. This method of construction, using molten metal, was advanced for the time and demonstrates the resources and skill available during Solomon's reign. The dual rows may also symbolize the dual nature of God's covenant, encompassing both blessings and responsibilities.

As a part of the Sea
The "Sea" refers to the large basin used for ritual purification by the priests. It was a critical component of the Temple's function, symbolizing cleansing and preparation for service to God. The integration of the oxen into the Sea's design signifies the unity of form and function, where beauty and utility serve a divine purpose. This also prefigures the cleansing work of Jesus Christ, who provides purification for believers.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Solomon
The king of Israel who commissioned the building of the temple, including the crafting of the "Sea" or large basin described in this verse.

2. The Temple
The holy place in Jerusalem where the Israelites worshiped God, built by Solomon as a permanent dwelling place for the Ark of the Covenant.

3. The Sea
A large basin used in the temple for ceremonial washing, symbolizing purification and the cleansing power of God.

4. Oxen
Symbolic figures cast around the Sea, representing strength and service, often associated with sacrifice and labor in biblical symbolism.

5. Hiram of Tyre
The skilled craftsman who assisted Solomon in the construction of the temple, including the casting of the Sea and its decorations.

Teaching Points

Symbolism of Purity and Cleansing
The Sea represents the necessity of purification before approaching God. Just as the priests needed to wash before serving, we must seek spiritual cleansing through Christ.

Strength and Service
The oxen symbolize strength and service. As believers, we are called to serve God with strength and dedication, offering our lives as living sacrifices.

Craftsmanship and Excellence
The detailed craftsmanship of the Sea reflects the importance of offering our best to God. In our work and worship, we should strive for excellence as an act of devotion.

God's Provision and Abundance
The abundance of oxen figures around the Sea signifies God's provision. We can trust in God's abundant resources to equip us for His service.

The Role of Community in Worship
The construction of the temple involved many skilled workers, highlighting the importance of community and collaboration in building God's kingdom.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the symbolism of the Sea in Solomon's temple relate to the concept of spiritual cleansing in the New Testament?

2. In what ways can we demonstrate strength and service in our daily lives, following the example of the oxen around the Sea?

3. How can we apply the principle of offering our best to God in our personal and professional lives?

4. What are some ways we can rely on God's provision and abundance in times of need?

5. How can we foster a sense of community and collaboration in our local church or ministry, similar to the teamwork seen in the construction of the temple?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 30:17-21
This passage describes the bronze basin used for washing by the priests, which parallels the purpose of the Sea in Solomon's temple.

1 Kings 7:23-26
Provides a parallel account of the construction of the Sea, offering additional details about its dimensions and design.

Revelation 4:6
Describes a sea of glass before the throne of God, symbolizing purity and holiness, which can be seen as a heavenly counterpart to the earthly Sea in the temple.