1 Samuel 20:20

I will shoot three arrows to the side of it, as if I were aiming at a target.

Study Bible

I will shoot three arrows
In the context of 1 Samuel 20, Jonathan devises a plan to communicate with David about King Saul's intentions. The use of "three arrows" is significant as it serves as a covert signal. In ancient warfare and hunting, arrows were common tools, and their use here symbolizes precision and intent. The number three often represents completeness or divine perfection in the Bible, seen in the Trinity and other scriptural instances.

to the side of it
Jonathan's plan involves shooting arrows to the side of a specific location, which is a prearranged signal for David. This indicates the need for secrecy and caution due to Saul's hostility. The phrase suggests a deliberate action to avoid direct confrontation, reflecting the wisdom and prudence required in dangerous situations. It also highlights the trust and understanding between Jonathan and David.

as if I were aiming at a target
This phrase implies a practice or skill in archery, a valued ability in ancient Israelite society. The act of aiming at a target suggests intentionality and focus, qualities that Jonathan exhibits in his loyalty to David. The metaphor of aiming at a target can also be seen as a reflection of God's guidance and purpose, as believers are called to aim their lives towards God's will, much like an archer aims at a target.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jonathan
The son of King Saul and a close friend of David. He is the one who devises the plan involving the arrows to communicate with David.

2. David
The future king of Israel, currently in hiding due to King Saul's jealousy and intent to kill him. He is the recipient of Jonathan's secret message.

3. Saul
The first king of Israel, who has become increasingly hostile towards David, perceiving him as a threat to his throne.

4. Field
The location where Jonathan and David meet to discuss their plan. It serves as a neutral ground for their secret communication.

5. Arrows
Used by Jonathan as a signal to communicate with David about Saul's intentions, without arousing suspicion.

Teaching Points

The Value of True Friendship
Jonathan and David's relationship exemplifies the biblical ideal of friendship, characterized by loyalty, sacrifice, and mutual support.

Courage in Adversity
Jonathan's actions demonstrate courage and faithfulness, even when faced with potential danger from his own father, King Saul.

God's Sovereignty and Protection
Despite Saul's intentions, God's plan for David's future kingship is protected through Jonathan's intervention.

Communication and Wisdom
The use of the arrows as a covert signal highlights the importance of wisdom and discretion in communication, especially in times of danger.

Faithfulness to God's Anointed
Jonathan's respect and support for David, despite his father's opposition, show a commitment to God's chosen leader.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Jonathan's loyalty to David challenge us in our own friendships and relationships today?

2. In what ways can we demonstrate courage and faithfulness in the face of adversity, as Jonathan did?

3. How does the account of Jonathan and David encourage us to trust in God's sovereignty and protection in our lives?

4. What are some practical ways we can use wisdom and discretion in our communication, especially in sensitive situations?

5. How can we show respect and support for those whom God has placed in leadership, even when it may be difficult or unpopular?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Samuel 18:1-4
This passage describes the deep friendship and covenant between Jonathan and David, which sets the stage for the events in 1 Samuel 20.

Proverbs 17:17
This verse speaks to the loyalty and love of a true friend, exemplified by Jonathan's actions towards David.

John 15:13
Jesus speaks of the greatest love being laying down one's life for friends, which parallels Jonathan's willingness to risk his own safety for David.