1 Samuel 16:9

Next Jesse presented Shammah, but Samuel said, "The LORD has not chosen this one either."

Study Bible

Next Jesse presented Shammah
Jesse, the father of David, is presenting his sons to the prophet Samuel. Shammah is the third son of Jesse. The presentation of Jesse's sons is a significant event, as it is part of God's plan to anoint a new king over Israel. Shammah, like his brothers, is a part of the tribe of Judah, which holds importance as the tribe from which the Messiah is prophesied to come (Genesis 49:10). The act of presenting each son indicates the cultural practice of seeking divine approval for leadership roles, emphasizing the importance of God's choice over human preference.

but Samuel said
Samuel, the last judge of Israel and a prophet, is acting under God's direction. His role is crucial as he is tasked with anointing the future king. Samuel's discernment is guided by God, highlighting the theme of divine guidance in leadership selection. This moment underscores the importance of obedience to God's will, as Samuel does not rely on outward appearances or personal judgment but waits for God's confirmation.

“The LORD has not chosen this one either.”
The rejection of Shammah, like his brothers before him, emphasizes that God's criteria for leadership differ from human expectations. This statement reflects the broader biblical theme that God looks at the heart rather than outward appearances (1 Samuel 16:7). It also foreshadows the selection of David, the youngest and seemingly least likely candidate, illustrating God's sovereign choice and the unexpected ways He fulfills His purposes. This moment is a reminder of God's omniscience and His ability to see beyond human limitations, choosing those who align with His divine plan.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jesse
The father of David and his brothers, a Bethlehemite, who presents his sons to the prophet Samuel.

2. Shammah
One of Jesse's sons, presented to Samuel as a potential king, but not chosen by God.

3. Samuel
The prophet of God, tasked with anointing the next king of Israel after Saul.

4. Bethlehem
The town where Jesse and his family reside, and where Samuel goes to anoint the new king.

5. The LORD
The sovereign God who guides Samuel in choosing the next king of Israel.

Teaching Points

God's Criteria for Leadership
God looks beyond outward appearances and evaluates the heart. This challenges us to prioritize inner character over external qualifications in our own lives and in those we choose to follow.

Trust in God's Sovereignty
Even when human choices seem logical, God's plans may differ. Trusting in His sovereignty means accepting His decisions, even when they defy our expectations.

The Importance of Obedience
Samuel's obedience to God's direction, despite personal opinions, serves as a model for us to follow God's guidance faithfully.

Patience in God's Timing
Jesse's sons were presented one by one, yet God's choice was not immediate. This teaches us patience and trust in God's perfect timing.

The Value of Humility
Shammah's rejection reminds us that humility is crucial, as God's favor is not based on status or position but on a heart aligned with His will.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the rejection of Shammah and his brothers challenge our understanding of leadership and qualifications?

2. In what ways can we ensure that we are focusing on the heart, both in ourselves and in others, as God does?

3. How can we cultivate patience and trust in God's timing when His plans are not immediately clear to us?

4. What are some practical steps we can take to align our hearts with God's will, as seen in the life of David?

5. How does the account of Samuel anointing David encourage us to remain obedient to God's guidance, even when it contradicts our own expectations?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Samuel 16:7
This verse highlights God's criteria for choosing a king, focusing on the heart rather than outward appearance, which sets the context for why Shammah was not chosen.

1 Samuel 17:13
Shammah is mentioned again as one of the brothers who followed Saul to battle, showing his continued involvement in Israel's history.

Acts 13:22
This verse refers to David as a man after God's own heart, contrasting with the rejection of Shammah and his brothers.

Psalm 78:70-72
These verses reflect on God's choice of David, emphasizing his shepherd's heart and integrity, which were valued over his brothers' appearances.