The region surrounding Jerusalem, a city of profound historical and religious significance, is dotted with numerous villages that hold considerable importance in biblical narratives. These villages, often mentioned in the context of Jesus' ministry and the early church, provide a backdrop to many events recorded in the Scriptures.

Bethany

Bethany, located about two miles east of Jerusalem on the southeastern slope of the Mount of Olives, is perhaps best known as the home of Mary, Martha, and Lazarus. It is here that Jesus performed the miraculous act of raising Lazarus from the dead, as recorded in John 11:1-44. Bethany also served as a place of rest and refuge for Jesus during His visits to Jerusalem. In Matthew 21:17, it is noted, "And He left them and went out of the city to Bethany, where He spent the night" .

Bethphage

Bethphage, whose name means "house of unripe figs," is situated near Bethany on the Mount of Olives. It is mentioned in the context of Jesus' triumphal entry into Jerusalem. In Matthew 21:1-2, we read, "As they approached Jerusalem and came to Bethphage on the Mount of Olives, Jesus sent out two disciples, saying to them, 'Go to the village ahead of you, and at once you will find a donkey tied there, with her colt by her. Untie them and bring them to Me'" . This event fulfilled the prophecy of Zechariah 9:9 and marked the beginning of the Passion Week.

Emmaus

Emmaus is another village of significance, located approximately seven miles northwest of Jerusalem. It is famously known as the destination of two disciples who encountered the resurrected Jesus. Luke 24:13-35 recounts this journey, where Jesus, initially unrecognized by the disciples, explains the Scriptures concerning Himself. It is only when He breaks bread with them that their eyes are opened, and they recognize Him. This encounter underscores the reality of the resurrection and the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies.

Bethlehem

Though slightly further from Jerusalem, Bethlehem is an essential village in biblical history. Located about six miles south of Jerusalem, it is the birthplace of Jesus Christ, fulfilling the prophecy of Micah 5:2. In Luke 2:4-7, the narrative of Jesus' birth is detailed: "And Joseph also went up from Galilee, out of the town of Nazareth, into Judea, to the City of David called Bethlehem, since he was from the house and line of David. He went there to register with Mary, who was pledged to him in marriage and was expecting a child. While they were there, the time came for her Child to be born" .

Gibeah

Gibeah, located to the north of Jerusalem, is often associated with the tribe of Benjamin. It is the setting for several Old Testament events, including the tragic account of the Levite's concubine in Judges 19-20. Gibeah was also the hometown of King Saul, Israel's first king, as noted in 1 Samuel 10:26: "Saul also went to his home in Gibeah, and the valiant men whose hearts God had touched went with him" .

Anathoth

Anathoth, a village northeast of Jerusalem, is notable as the hometown of the prophet Jeremiah. It was a Levitical city within the territory of Benjamin. Jeremiah 1:1 introduces the prophet: "These are the words of Jeremiah son of Hilkiah, one of the priests at Anathoth in the territory of Benjamin" . Anathoth serves as a reminder of the prophetic tradition and the call to faithfulness amidst adversity.

These villages, each with its unique role in biblical history, contribute to the rich tapestry of events that surround the life and ministry of Jesus, the early church, and the unfolding of God's redemptive plan.