Biblical Context:
The event of the LORD appearing to Solomon in a dream is a significant moment in the biblical narrative, highlighting the divine approval and guidance bestowed upon Solomon, the son of David and Bathsheba, who succeeded David as king of Israel. This event is recorded in 1 Kings 3:5-15 and 2 Chronicles 1:7-12, occurring early in Solomon's reign.

Scriptural Account:
In 1 Kings 3:5, the Berean Standard Bible states, "At Gibeon the LORD appeared to Solomon in a dream by night, and God said, 'Ask for whatever you want Me to give you.'" This divine encounter takes place at Gibeon, where Solomon had gone to offer sacrifices, demonstrating his devotion and desire to seek God's favor.

Solomon's response to God's offer is marked by humility and wisdom. Acknowledging his youth and inexperience, Solomon requests, "Give Your servant, therefore, an understanding heart to judge Your people and to discern between good and evil. For who is able to govern this great people of Yours?" (1 Kings 3:9). Solomon's request for wisdom, rather than wealth or long life, pleases the LORD.

Divine Response:
God's response to Solomon's request is one of approval and blessing. In 1 Kings 3:11-13 , the LORD says, "Since you have asked for this and not for long life or wealth for yourself, nor have you asked for the death of your enemies but for discernment in administering justice, I will do what you have asked. I will give you a wise and discerning heart, so that there will never have been anyone like you, nor will there ever be. Moreover, I will give you what you have not asked for—both wealth and honor—so that in your lifetime you will have no equal among kings."

Theological Significance:
This encounter underscores several key theological themes. First, it highlights the importance of seeking divine wisdom over earthly gains. Solomon's request reflects a heart aligned with God's purposes, prioritizing the well-being and just governance of God's people. This aligns with the biblical principle that true wisdom begins with the fear of the LORD (Proverbs 9:10).

Second, the narrative illustrates God's generosity and faithfulness. By granting Solomon not only wisdom but also wealth and honor, God demonstrates His ability to bless abundantly those who seek His will. This reflects the biblical teaching that God rewards those who earnestly seek Him (Hebrews 11:6).

Historical and Cultural Context:
Solomon's dream at Gibeon occurs during a time when dreams were considered a common medium for divine communication. In the ancient Near Eastern context, dreams were often seen as significant and authoritative, providing guidance and insight from the divine realm. Solomon's experience would have been understood as a legitimate and powerful encounter with God.

Impact on Solomon's Reign:
The wisdom granted to Solomon becomes a defining characteristic of his reign, leading to a period of unprecedented prosperity and peace for Israel. His ability to administer justice and make wise decisions is exemplified in the famous judgment involving two women claiming to be the mother of a child (1 Kings 3:16-28). Solomon's wisdom also attracts international attention, as seen in the visit of the Queen of Sheba (1 Kings 10:1-13).

Conclusion:
The LORD's appearance to Solomon in a dream is a pivotal moment that sets the tone for Solomon's reign and establishes him as a model of wisdom and divine favor. This event serves as a reminder of the value of seeking God's wisdom and the blessings that flow from aligning one's heart with His purposes.