In biblical times, the sandal was more than just a piece of footwear; it held significant symbolic meaning within the cultural and religious context of the Scriptures. The sandal is mentioned in various passages throughout the Bible, often carrying connotations of authority, humility, and redemption.

Authority and Ownership

The removal of sandals is frequently associated with the transfer of authority or the acknowledgment of ownership. In the book of Ruth, the act of removing a sandal was part of a legal transaction. When Boaz sought to redeem Ruth, the closer kinsman removed his sandal to signify the transfer of his right of redemption to Boaz. "Now in earlier times in Israel, for the redemption and transfer of property to become final, one party would take off his sandal and give it to the other. This was the method of legalizing transactions in Israel" (Ruth 4:7). This act symbolized the relinquishing of rights and the establishment of a new covenant or agreement.

Humility and Reverence

The removal of sandals also signifies humility and reverence, particularly in the presence of the divine. When Moses encountered God in the burning bush, he was instructed to remove his sandals as a sign of respect and recognition of the holy ground. "Do not come any closer," God said. "Take off your sandals, for the place where you are standing is holy ground" (Exodus 3:5). Similarly, Joshua was commanded to remove his sandals in the presence of the commander of the LORD's army (Joshua 5:15). In these instances, the act of removing sandals underscores the need for purity and humility before God.

Redemption and Deliverance

The sandal also carries themes of redemption and deliverance. In the prophetic book of Isaiah, the imagery of the sandal is used to convey the message of liberation and the restoration of dignity. "How beautiful on the mountains are the feet of those who bring good news, who proclaim peace, who bring good tidings, who proclaim salvation, who say to Zion, 'Your God reigns!'" (Isaiah 52:7). The feet shod with sandals symbolize the messengers of God's salvation, bringing hope and deliverance to His people.

Cultural and Social Context

In the cultural context of the ancient Near East, sandals were a practical necessity for travel and daily life. However, their symbolic use in Scripture often transcends their practical function, pointing to deeper spiritual truths. The act of untying or carrying another's sandals was considered a task of the lowest servant, highlighting the humility of John the Baptist when he declared, "But after me will come One more powerful than I, whose sandals I am not worthy to carry" (Matthew 3:11).

Conclusion

The symbolism of the sandal in the Bible is rich and multifaceted, encompassing themes of authority, humility, redemption, and reverence. Through various narratives and teachings, the sandal serves as a powerful symbol that reflects the spiritual truths and cultural practices of biblical times.