Biblical Reference: The account of Shishak's raid on Jerusalem is primarily found in 1 Kings 14:25-28 and 2 Chronicles 12:1-12.

Historical Context: Shishak, also known as Sheshonq I, was the first Pharaoh of the Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt. His reign is generally dated to the early 10th century BC. Shishak's campaign against Jerusalem occurred during the fifth year of King Rehoboam's reign, around 926 BC. This period followed the division of the united monarchy of Israel into the northern kingdom of Israel and the southern kingdom of Judah after the death of Solomon.

Biblical Account:
1 Kings 14:25-26 states, "In the fifth year of Rehoboam’s reign, Shishak king of Egypt came up and attacked Jerusalem. He seized the treasures of the house of the LORD and the treasures of the royal palace. He took everything, including all the gold shields that Solomon had made."

2 Chronicles 12:2-4 provides additional details: "Because they had been unfaithful to the LORD, in the fifth year of Rehoboam’s reign, Shishak king of Egypt came up and attacked Jerusalem with 1,200 chariots, 60,000 horsemen, and countless troops who came with him out of Egypt—Libyans, Sukkites, and Cushites. He captured the fortified cities of Judah and came as far as Jerusalem."

Theological Significance: The raid by Shishak is depicted as a divine judgment against Rehoboam and the people of Judah for their unfaithfulness to God. 2 Chronicles 12:5-6 records the words of the prophet Shemaiah, who conveyed God's message to Rehoboam and the leaders of Judah: "Thus says the LORD: ‘You have abandoned Me; therefore, I now abandon you to Shishak.’” The leaders of Israel and the king humbled themselves and said, “The LORD is righteous.”

Outcome and Aftermath: As a result of their humility, God showed mercy. 2 Chronicles 12:7-8 states, "When the LORD saw that they had humbled themselves, the word of the LORD came to Shemaiah, saying, 'They have humbled themselves; I will not destroy them, but I will grant them some deliverance. My wrath will not be poured out on Jerusalem through Shishak. Nevertheless, they will become his servants, so that they may learn the difference between serving Me and serving the kings of other lands.'"

Shishak's raid resulted in the loss of significant wealth for Jerusalem, including the gold shields made by Solomon. Rehoboam replaced them with bronze shields, as noted in 1 Kings 14:27-28 : "So King Rehoboam made bronze shields to replace them and committed them to the care of the captains of the guard who protected the entrance to the king’s palace. Whenever the king went to the house of the LORD, the guards would bear the shields and then return them to the guardroom."

Archaeological Evidence: The campaign of Shishak is corroborated by Egyptian records, notably the Bubastite Portal at Karnak, which lists the cities conquered by Shishak, including those in Judah and Israel. This extrabiblical evidence supports the biblical narrative of Shishak's incursion into the Levant.

Moral and Spiritual Lessons: The account of Shishak's raid serves as a reminder of the consequences of turning away from God and the importance of humility and repentance. It underscores the belief that divine discipline is intended to bring about spiritual renewal and a return to faithfulness.