Purple garments hold significant symbolism and importance throughout the Bible, often representing wealth, royalty, and status. The color purple was highly valued in ancient times due to the labor-intensive process required to produce the dye, which was extracted from the murex snail. This made purple garments a luxury item, often associated with nobility and the elite.

Old Testament References

In the Old Testament, purple is frequently mentioned in the context of the Tabernacle and the Temple. The instructions for the construction of the Tabernacle include the use of purple yarn. Exodus 26:1 states, "You are to make the tabernacle with ten curtains of finely twisted linen, and blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, with cherubim skillfully worked into them." This use of purple signifies the majesty and holiness of the dwelling place of God among His people.

Purple is also associated with royalty and leadership. In Judges 8:26, the Midianite kings' garments are described: "The weight of the gold earrings he requested was 1,700 shekels, in addition to the crescent ornaments, pendants, and purple garments worn by the kings of Midian, and the chains on the necks of their camels." This passage highlights the association of purple with royal authority and wealth.

New Testament References

In the New Testament, purple continues to symbolize wealth and status. One notable mention is in the parable of the rich man and Lazarus. Luke 16:19 describes the rich man: "Now there was a rich man dressed in purple and fine linen, who lived each day in joyous splendor." The rich man's attire underscores his affluent lifestyle and social standing.

Another significant mention of purple is in the account of Lydia, a seller of purple goods, in Acts 16:14. "Among those listening was a woman named Lydia, a dealer in purple cloth from the city of Thyatira, who was a worshiper of God. The Lord opened her heart to respond to Paul’s message." Lydia's profession indicates her involvement in a lucrative trade, and her conversion marks an important moment in the spread of Christianity.

Symbolism and Significance

Throughout Scripture, purple garments are emblematic of power, prestige, and divine authority. The use of purple in the Tabernacle and Temple signifies God's majesty and the sacredness of His presence. In the context of royalty, purple garments denote the authority and wealth of kings and leaders.

The color also serves as a backdrop for contrasting themes, such as the humility of Christ. During His trial, Jesus was mockingly dressed in a purple robe by the Roman soldiers, as recorded in Mark 15:17: "They dressed Him in a purple robe, twisted together a crown of thorns, and set it on His head." This act of mockery highlights the contrast between earthly perceptions of power and the true kingship of Christ.

In summary, purple garments in the Bible are rich with meaning, symbolizing wealth, authority, and the divine. They serve as a reminder of the majesty of God and the ultimate authority of Christ, who, though mocked, reigns as the true King.