In biblical contexts, the term "passerby" refers to individuals who are temporarily present in a location, often without any significant involvement in the events occurring there. The concept of a passerby is used in various narratives and teachings throughout the Bible, illustrating themes of compassion, indifference, and divine encounters.

Old Testament References

The Old Testament occasionally alludes to the idea of passersby in the context of cities and events. For example, in the destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah, the aftermath is described in such a way that passersby would be astonished at the devastation (Genesis 19:28-29). This serves to highlight the severity of God's judgment and the complete transformation of the landscape.

In the wisdom literature, the book of Proverbs uses the imagery of a passerby to convey moral lessons. Proverbs 7:8-9 describes a young man lacking judgment who passes by the house of an adulterous woman, illustrating the dangers of temptation and the importance of wisdom in avoiding sin.

New Testament References

The New Testament provides more explicit examples of passersby, particularly in the teachings of Jesus. One of the most notable instances is found in the Parable of the Good Samaritan (Luke 10:30-37). In this parable, a man is beaten and left for dead on the road. Several individuals, including a priest and a Levite, pass by without offering assistance. It is the Samaritan, a social outcast, who stops to help the injured man, demonstrating true neighborly love and compassion. This parable underscores the call to love and serve others, regardless of social or ethnic boundaries.

Another significant mention of passersby occurs during the crucifixion of Jesus. In Mark 15:29-30, it is recorded that "those who passed by heaped abuse on Him, shaking their heads and saying, 'Ha! You who are going to destroy the temple and rebuild it in three days, save Yourself and come down from the cross!'" . This scene highlights the mockery and misunderstanding Jesus faced, even from those who were merely passing by the site of His crucifixion.

Theological Implications

The concept of a passerby in the Bible often serves to contrast indifference with compassion. In the Parable of the Good Samaritan, the indifference of the priest and the Levite is juxtaposed with the Samaritan's compassion, challenging believers to act with love and mercy. The reactions of passersby at the crucifixion of Jesus reflect the broader rejection and misunderstanding of His mission, yet also fulfill prophetic declarations about the Messiah's suffering.

In a broader theological sense, the presence of passersby in biblical narratives can remind believers of the transient nature of life and the importance of seizing opportunities to demonstrate Christ-like love and service. The actions of passersby, whether indifferent or compassionate, serve as a mirror for self-reflection on how one responds to the needs of others in everyday encounters.