Uzziah, also known as Azariah, was the tenth king of the Kingdom of Judah and reigned for 52 years, from approximately 792 to 740 BC. His reign is noted for its prosperity and military success, as well as for his eventual downfall due to pride and disobedience to God. Uzziah's account is primarily found in 2 Kings 15:1-7 and 2 Chronicles 26.

Early Reign and Achievements

Uzziah became king at the age of 16 following the death of his father, Amaziah. His reign was marked by a period of stability and expansion for Judah. Uzziah was a capable leader who sought to strengthen his kingdom both militarily and economically. Under his leadership, Judah experienced significant territorial expansion, including victories over the Philistines, Arabs, and Meunites. He fortified Jerusalem and built towers in the desert, enhancing the nation's defenses (2 Chronicles 26:6-10).

Uzziah was also known for his innovations in agriculture and infrastructure. He dug many wells and promoted farming and livestock, which contributed to the prosperity of Judah. His reign is often seen as a time of great economic growth and development.

Religious Observance and Pride

Uzziah initially did what was right in the eyes of the LORD, following the example of his father Amaziah. "He sought God during the days of Zechariah, who instructed him in the fear of God. As long as he sought the LORD, God gave him success" (2 Chronicles 26:5). However, as his fame and power grew, Uzziah's heart became proud, leading to his downfall.

In a significant act of disobedience, Uzziah entered the temple of the LORD to burn incense on the altar, a duty reserved exclusively for the priests, the descendants of Aaron. Azariah the priest, along with eighty other courageous priests, confronted him, warning him of his transgression. Despite their warnings, Uzziah persisted, and as a result, God struck him with leprosy (2 Chronicles 26:16-20).

Quarantine and Regency of Jotham

Due to his leprosy, Uzziah lived in a separate house, isolated from the temple and the people, as required by the Law (Leviticus 13:46). During this period of quarantine, his son Jotham took on the responsibilities of governing the people and managing the affairs of the kingdom. "King Uzziah had leprosy until the day of his death. He lived in a separate house, leprous and banned from the house of the LORD. So his son Jotham had charge of the palace and governed the people of the land" (2 Kings 15:5).

Death and Legacy

Uzziah's reign ended with his death, and he was buried in a field for royal burials, though not in the tombs of the kings, due to his leprosy. His son Jotham succeeded him as king. Despite his tragic end, Uzziah is remembered for his early achievements and the prosperity he brought to Judah. His life serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of pride and the importance of obedience to God's commandments.2 Kings 15:5
And the LORD smote the king, so that he was a leper to the day of his death, and dwelled in a several house. And Jotham the king's son was over the house, judging the people of the land.
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2 Chronicles 26:21
And Uzziah the king was a leper to the day of his death, and dwelled in a several house, being a leper; for he was cut off from the house of the LORD: and Jotham his son was over the king's house, judging the people of the land.
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