Topical Bible: Cassia: An Aromatic Plant, Probably Cinnamon

◄ Cassia: An Aromatic Plant, Probably Cinnamon ►

Topical Encyclopedia

Cassia is an aromatic plant mentioned in the Bible, often associated with the spice cinnamon. It is noted for its fragrant bark, which was used in ancient times for both sacred and practical purposes. The term "cassia" is derived from the Hebrew word "qiddah," which is believed to refer to a type of cinnamon. This plant holds significant importance in biblical texts, symbolizing wealth, luxury, and divine worship.

Biblical References:

1. Exodus 30:24 · Cassia is listed as one of the ingredients in the sacred anointing oil used in the Tabernacle. The oil was a holy mixture, signifying the consecration of priests and sacred objects. The Berean Standard Bible states: "500 shekels of cassia—all according to the sanctuary shekel—and a hin of olive oil."

2. Psalm 45:8 · In this royal psalm, which is often interpreted as a messianic prophecy, cassia is mentioned as part of the fragrant garments of the king. The verse reads: "All Your garments are fragrant with myrrh and aloes and cassia; from palaces of ivory, harps make You glad."

3. Ezekiel 27:19 · Cassia is included in the list of luxury goods traded by the merchants of Tyre, indicating its value and desirability in the ancient world. The verse in the BSB states: "Vedan and Javan from Uzal traded for your wares; wrought iron, cassia, and calamus were bartered for your merchandise."

Cultural and Religious Significance:

In biblical times, cassia was highly prized for its aromatic properties and was often used in religious rituals. Its inclusion in the sacred anointing oil underscores its spiritual significance, as the oil was used to sanctify and set apart individuals and objects for God's service. The fragrance of cassia, along with other spices, was symbolic of purity and divine presence.

Cassia's mention in Psalm 45:8 highlights its association with royalty and divinity. The psalm, celebrating a royal wedding, uses the imagery of cassia to convey the splendor and majesty of the king, who is often seen as a type of Christ in Christian theology. The fragrance of cassia, combined with myrrh and aloes, evokes a sense of opulence and divine favor.

In Ezekiel 27:19, the trade of cassia by the merchants of Tyre reflects its economic value and widespread demand. As a luxury item, cassia was part of the extensive trade networks of the ancient Near East, illustrating the interconnectedness of cultures and the high esteem in which this spice was held.

Botanical Considerations:

While the exact species of cassia mentioned in the Bible is not definitively known, it is generally identified with the cinnamon tree, Cinnamomum cassia, native to China and Southeast Asia. This tree produces a bark that is similar to true cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum) but is thicker and coarser. The aromatic qualities of cassia make it a suitable candidate for the biblical references, aligning with the descriptions of its use in anointing oils and perfumes.

In summary, cassia in the Bible is a symbol of sanctity, wealth, and divine favor. Its aromatic properties and use in sacred contexts highlight its importance in the religious and cultural life of ancient Israel.