A mattock is an ancient agricultural tool mentioned in the Bible, primarily used for digging and breaking up hard ground. It is similar in function to a pickaxe, with a broad, chisel-like blade on one side and a pointed end on the other. The mattock was an essential implement for farmers and laborers in biblical times, aiding in the preparation of soil for planting and the removal of stones and roots.

Biblical References:

The term "mattock" appears in several passages of the Bible, highlighting its significance in the agrarian society of ancient Israel. One notable reference is found in 1 Samuel 13:20-21, which describes the Philistines' control over the production and sharpening of iron tools, including mattocks, during the time of King Saul:

"So all Israel went down to the Philistines, each to sharpen his plowshare, his mattock, his ax, or his sickle. The charge was a pim for the plowshares, mattocks, forks, and axes, and for repointing a goad." (1 Samuel 13:20-21)

This passage illustrates the dependence of the Israelites on the Philistines for maintaining their agricultural tools, underscoring the strategic advantage the Philistines held over Israel by controlling the technology and resources necessary for farming.

Symbolic and Practical Significance:

In the biblical context, the mattock symbolizes the hard labor and toil associated with agriculture, a theme that resonates throughout Scripture. The use of the mattock reflects the curse of toil placed upon humanity after the Fall, as described in Genesis 3:17-19, where God tells Adam that he will eat from the ground through painful labor.

The mattock also serves as a metaphor for spiritual preparation and cultivation. Just as a farmer uses a mattock to break up fallow ground, believers are called to prepare their hearts for the reception of God's word. This imagery is echoed in the prophetic literature, where the breaking up of fallow ground is a call to repentance and spiritual renewal (see Hosea 10:12).

Cultural and Historical Context:

In the ancient Near East, the mattock was a vital tool for survival, reflecting the agrarian lifestyle of the people. The Israelites, like their neighbors, relied heavily on agriculture for sustenance, and the mattock was indispensable for ensuring productive harvests. The control of iron technology by the Philistines, as mentioned in 1 Samuel, highlights the geopolitical dynamics of the period and the challenges faced by the Israelites in maintaining their agricultural practices.

The mattock's presence in biblical narratives serves as a reminder of the daily realities of life in ancient Israel and the dependence of the people on God's provision through the land. It also underscores the broader biblical themes of labor, stewardship, and the spiritual cultivation of one's life in accordance with divine principles.855a. eth -- a plowshare
... Word Origin of uncertain derivation Definition a plowshare NASB Word Usage mattock
(1), mattocks (1), plowshares (3). 855, 855a. eth. 855b . Strong's Numbers
/hebrew/855a.htm - 5k

The Release of Saint George.
... themselves.". The Fairy having thus spoken, supplied the Knight and his Squire
with hammers, chisels, spades, mattocks, and crowbars. ...
/.../kingston/the seven champions of christendom/chapter eleven the release of.htm

Josiah
... and cleansed Judah and Jerusalem.6. And so did he in the cities of Manasseh, and
Ephraim, and Simeon, even unto Naphtali, with their mattocks round about.7 ...
//christianbookshelf.org/maclaren/expositions of holy scripture g/josiah.htm

But if Men Either Knew Themselves Thoroughly, or had the Slightest ...
... and bowls, [3531] because they have made under-shirts, outer-shirts, cloaks, plaids,
robes of state, knives, cuirasses and swords, mattocks, hatchets, ploughs. ...
/.../the seven books of arnobius against the heathen/19 but if men either.htm

Of the Jews; of their Attempt at Building, and of the Heaven-Sent ...
... He despatched also as governor a fit man to carry out his impious orders. It is
said that they made mattocks, shovels, and baskets of silver. ...
/.../theodoret/the ecclesiastical history of theodoret/chapter xv of the jews of.htm

Columban.
... Columban once saw, after the foundation of the abbey of Fontaines, sixty men
laboriously loosening the soil with their mattocks, to prepare it for the future ...
//christianbookshelf.org/neander/light in the dark places/columban.htm

Psalm XCIV.
... you patience in time of adversity, until the pit be digged up for the ungodly, do
not think that the Angels are standing in some place with mattocks, and are ...
/.../augustine/exposition on the book of psalms/psalm xciv.htm

Chapter xlix
... On that memorable occasion Simeon and Levi, perhaps lacking swords and also to avoid
suspicion, may have come down upon Shechem with heavy mattocks in their ...
/...//christianbookshelf.org/leupold/exposition of genesis volume 1/chapter xlix.htm

Panegyric on the Splendor of Affairs.
... And again, by means of them, he cleared out and cleaned with spades and
mattocks"the admonitory words of doctrine [2900] "the souls which a little while ...
/.../pamphilius/church history/chapter iv panegyric on the splendor.htm

Mattocks (3 Occurrences)
... Multi-Version Concordance Mattocks (3 Occurrences). 1 Samuel 13:20 but all
the Israelites went down to the Philistines, to sharpen ...
/m/mattocks.htm - 7k

Mattock (2 Occurrences)
... or coulter. (3.) Hebrews herebh, marg. of text (2 Chronicles 34:6). Authorized
Version, "with their mattocks," marg. "mauls." The ...
/m/mattock.htm - 8k

Goads (4 Occurrences)
... 1 Samuel 13:21 yet they had a file for the mattocks, and for the plowshares,
and for the forks, and for the axes, and to set the goads. ...
/g/goads.htm - 7k

File (1 Occurrence)
... File (1 Occurrence). 1 Samuel 13:21 yet they had a file for the mattocks, and for
the plowshares, and for the forks, and for the axes, and to set the goads. ...
/f/file.htm - 9k

Filing (1 Occurrence)
... Filing (1 Occurrence). 1 Samuel 13:21 yet they had a file for the mattocks, and
for the coulters, and for the forks, and for the axes, and to set the goads. ...
/f/filing.htm - 6k

Forks (6 Occurrences)
... (DBY NAS RSV NIV). 1 Samuel 13:21 yet they had a file for the mattocks, and for
the plowshares, and for the forks, and for the axes, and to set the goads. ...
/f/forks.htm - 8k

Three-pronged (2 Occurrences)
... 1 Samuel 13:21 and there hath been the file for mattocks, and for coulters, and
for three-pronged rakes, and for the axes, and to set up the goads. (YLT). ...
/t/three-pronged.htm - 7k

Two-thirds (2 Occurrences)
... 1 Samuel 13:21 yet they had a file for the mattocks, and for the plowshares, and
for the forks, and for the axes, and to set the goads. (See NAS). ...
/t/two-thirds.htm - 6k

Thirds (2 Occurrences)
... Thirds (2 Occurrences). 1 Samuel 13:21 yet they had a file for the mattocks, and
for the plowshares, and for the forks, and for the axes, and to set the goads. ...
/t/thirds.htm - 6k

Repointing (1 Occurrence)
... 1 Samuel 13:21 yet they had a file for the mattocks, and for the plowshares, and
for the forks, and for the axes, and to set the goads. (See NIV). ...
/r/repointing.htm - 6k

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