Etymology and Location:
Mare'shah, a name meaning "summit" or "head place," is an ancient city located in the lowland region of Judah, known as the Shephelah. It is identified with the modern archaeological site of Tell Sandahannah, near the city of Beit Guvrin in Israel. Mare'shah was strategically positioned on the trade routes connecting the coastal plains with the interior of Judah, making it a significant city in biblical times.

Biblical References:
Mare'shah is mentioned in several passages of the Old Testament. In the Book of Joshua, it is listed among the cities in the territory allotted to the tribe of Judah: "Lachish, Bozkath, Eglon, Cabbon, Lahmas, Kitlish, Gederoth, Beth-dagon, Naamah, and Makkedah—sixteen cities, along with their villages" (Joshua 15:39-41). This inclusion highlights its importance as part of the inheritance of Judah.

In the narrative of King Rehoboam, Mare'shah is noted as one of the fortified cities built by the king to defend against potential invasions: "Rehoboam lived in Jerusalem and built up cities for defense in Judah. He built up Bethlehem, Etam, Tekoa, Beth-zur, Soco, Adullam, Gath, Mareshah, Ziph, Adoraim, Lachish, Azekah, Zorah, Aijalon, and Hebron, which are fortified cities in Judah and in Benjamin" (2 Chronicles 11:5-10). This fortification effort underscores the city's strategic military significance.

Mare'shah also plays a role in the account of King Asa's reign. During Asa's rule, Zerah the Cushite came against Judah with a vast army. Asa met him in battle at the Valley of Zephathah near Mare'shah: "Then Asa went out to meet him, and they took their positions in the Valley of Zephathah near Mareshah" (2 Chronicles 14:10). Asa's victory in this battle is attributed to his reliance on the LORD, demonstrating the city's association with divine intervention and deliverance.

Historical and Archaeological Significance:
Mare'shah's historical significance extends beyond its biblical mentions. Archaeological excavations at Tell Sandahannah have uncovered remains from various periods, including the Iron Age, Hellenistic, and Roman periods. The site reveals a complex urban center with fortifications, residential areas, and industrial installations, reflecting its long-standing importance in the region.

During the Hellenistic period, Mare'shah became a prominent city under the rule of the Hasmoneans and later the Idumeans. The city was eventually destroyed by the Parthians in 40 BCE, marking the end of its prominence.

Theological Implications:
Mare'shah serves as a testament to God's providence and protection over His people. The city's role in the biblical narrative, particularly in the accounts of Rehoboam and Asa, illustrates the importance of faithfulness and reliance on God for deliverance and security. The fortifications and battles associated with Mare'shah remind believers of the spiritual battles they face and the need for divine strength and guidance.

In summary, Mare'shah is a city rich in biblical history and archaeological significance, serving as a reminder of God's enduring presence and protection over His people throughout the ages.Mare'shah (8 Occurrences)

Joshua 15:44
and Keilah, and Achzib, and Mareshah; nine cities with their villages.
(See RSV)

1 Chronicles 2:42
And the sons of Caleb the brother of Jerahmeel were Mesha his first-born, who was the father of Ziph, and the sons of Mareshah the father of Hebron.
(See RSV)

1 Chronicles 4:21
The sons of Shelah the son of Judah: Er the father of Lecah, and Ladah the father of Mareshah, and the families of the house of them that wrought fine linen, of the house of Ashbea;
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2 Chronicles 11:8
and Gath, and Mareshah, and Ziph,
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2 Chronicles 14:9
And there came out against them Zerah the Ethiopian with an army of a thousand thousand, and three hundred chariots; and he came unto Mareshah.
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2 Chronicles 14:10
Then Asa went out to meet him, and they set the battle in array in the valley of Zephath at Mareshah.
(See RSV)

2 Chronicles 20:37
Then Eliezer the son of Dodavahu of Mareshah prophesied against Jehoshaphat, saying: 'Because thou hast joined thyself with Ahaziah, the LORD hath made a breach in thy works.' And the ships were broken, that they were not able to go to Tarshish.
(See RSV)

Micah 1:15
Yet the possessor I do bring in to thee, O inhabitant of Mareshah, To Adullam come in doth the honour of Israel.
(See RSV)

Mare'shah (8 Occurrences)
Mare'shah. Mareshah, Mare'shah. Margin . Multi-Version Concordance
Mare'shah (8 Occurrences). Joshua 15:44 and Keilah, and Achzib ...
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Mareshah (8 Occurrences)

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Margin (4 Occurrences)

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