Introduction:
Elishama, son of Ammihud, is a biblical figure mentioned in the Old Testament. He is recognized as a leader of the tribe of Ephraim during the wilderness period following the Exodus. His role and lineage are significant in understanding the tribal organization and leadership structure of the Israelites during their journey to the Promised Land.

Biblical References:
Elishama is first introduced in the Book of Numbers, where he is identified as a leader of the tribe of Ephraim. Numbers 1:10 states, "from the sons of Joseph: from Ephraim, Elishama son of Ammihud; from Manasseh, Gamaliel son of Pedahzur." This verse places Elishama in the context of the census taken by Moses and Aaron, where leaders from each tribe were appointed to assist in the enumeration of the people.

In Numbers 2:18, Elishama is mentioned again in the arrangement of the camp: "On the west side, the divisions of the camp of Ephraim are to camp under their standard, with the leader of the Ephraimites being Elishama son of Ammihud." This highlights his role in the organization and leadership of the Ephraimite camp, emphasizing his importance in maintaining order and structure among the Israelites.

Elishama's name appears once more in Numbers 7:48, where he is listed among the leaders who brought offerings for the dedication of the altar: "On the seventh day Elishama son of Ammihud, the leader of the Ephraimites, drew near." This act of offering underscores his position and responsibility in the religious and communal life of the Israelites.

Genealogical Significance:
Elishama's lineage is significant, as he is a descendant of Joseph through Ephraim. The tribe of Ephraim held a prominent position among the tribes of Israel, often associated with leadership and strength. Elishama's role as a leader reflects the fulfillment of Jacob's blessing over Ephraim, where he prophesied that Ephraim would become a multitude of nations (Genesis 48:19).

Role and Leadership:
As a leader of the tribe of Ephraim, Elishama's responsibilities would have included overseeing the welfare and organization of his tribe, ensuring adherence to the laws and commands given by God through Moses, and representing his tribe in the assembly of leaders. His leadership during the wilderness period was crucial for maintaining unity and order among the Israelites as they journeyed toward the Promised Land.

Historical and Theological Context:
Elishama's presence in the biblical narrative provides insight into the tribal leadership structure during the Exodus. His role as a leader of Ephraim highlights the importance of tribal identity and organization in the life of the Israelites. Theologically, Elishama's participation in the dedication of the altar signifies the communal and covenantal relationship between God and His people, as each tribe contributed to the worship and service of the Lord.

Conclusion:
Elishama son of Ammihud stands as a notable figure in the Old Testament, representing the leadership and faithfulness of the tribe of Ephraim during a formative period in Israel's history. His contributions to the census, camp organization, and religious offerings reflect his dedication to his tribe and to the covenantal community of Israel.