Zechariah 4:13
"Do you not know what these are?" he inquired. "No, my lord," I replied.
Do you not know
This phrase is a rhetorical question posed by the angel to Zechariah. In the Hebrew context, questions like this are often used to provoke thought and reflection. The Hebrew root for "know" is "yada," which implies not just intellectual understanding but an intimate, experiential knowledge. This suggests that the angel is encouraging Zechariah to seek deeper insight and understanding, not just a surface-level awareness. In the broader scriptural context, this reflects the biblical theme of seeking wisdom and understanding from God, as seen in Proverbs 2:6, "For the LORD gives wisdom; from His mouth come knowledge and understanding."

what these are?
The "these" refers to the vision of the golden lampstand and the two olive trees that Zechariah has been shown. In the historical and archaeological context, lampstands were significant in the temple worship of Israel, symbolizing God's presence and the light of His truth. The olive trees, providing oil for the lamp, symbolize the anointing and sustaining power of the Holy Spirit. This imagery is rich with meaning, pointing to the continuous provision and empowerment of God for His people. Theologically, it foreshadows the New Testament understanding of the Holy Spirit's role in the life of believers, as seen in Acts 1:8, "But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes upon you."

he replied
The angel's response indicates a dialogue, a common feature in prophetic literature where divine messengers communicate God's messages to His prophets. This interaction underscores the relational aspect of God's communication with humanity. The angel serves as a mediator of divine revelation, a role that is consistent throughout scripture, where angels often appear to deliver God's messages, as seen in the annunciation to Mary in Luke 1:26-38.

No, my lord
Zechariah's response is one of humility and respect. The term "my lord" is a respectful address, acknowledging the angel's authority and the divine source of the message. This humility is a key attitude for receiving divine revelation, as it reflects a heart open to God's instruction. In the broader biblical narrative, humility is consistently portrayed as a virtue that aligns one with God's will, as seen in James 4:6, "God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble."

I answered
Zechariah's answer indicates his willingness to engage and learn. This openness to divine instruction is crucial for spiritual growth and understanding. The act of answering also signifies an active participation in the prophetic experience, highlighting the dynamic relationship between God and His prophets. This interaction is a reminder of the importance of being responsive to God's voice, as emphasized in Hebrews 3:15, "Today, if you hear His voice, do not harden your hearts."

Persons / Places / Events
1. Zechariah
A prophet of the post-exilic period, Zechariah is the recipient of visions and messages from God, intended to encourage the Jewish people during the rebuilding of the temple.

2. The Angel
A divine messenger who communicates God's visions to Zechariah, guiding him through the symbolic imagery and ensuring he understands the messages.

3. The Vision
This particular vision involves a golden lampstand and two olive trees, symbolizing God's provision and the anointing of His Spirit.

4. The Temple
The context of Zechariah's visions is the rebuilding of the temple in Jerusalem, a central place of worship and a symbol of God's presence among His people.

5. Zerubbabel
Although not directly mentioned in this verse, Zerubbabel is a key figure in the surrounding passages, representing leadership and the empowerment of God's Spirit to accomplish His purposes.
Teaching Points
Understanding God's Symbols
Just as Zechariah needed guidance to understand the vision, we too should seek divine wisdom and guidance to comprehend God's messages in our lives.

The Role of the Holy Spirit
The vision emphasizes the importance of the Holy Spirit's empowerment in accomplishing God's work, reminding us that spiritual endeavors require divine strength.

God's Encouragement in Difficult Times
Zechariah's visions were meant to encourage the Israelites during a challenging period. Similarly, we can find hope and motivation in God's promises during our own trials.

The Importance of Obedience
Zechariah's willingness to admit his lack of understanding and seek clarification is a model of humility and obedience, encouraging us to seek God's wisdom in our uncertainties.

The Continuity of God's Plan
The connection between Zechariah's vision and other scriptures highlights the continuity of God's redemptive plan throughout history, encouraging us to trust in His sovereign purposes.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the role of the angel in Zechariah 4:13 help us understand the importance of seeking divine guidance in our spiritual journey?

2. In what ways does the imagery of the olive trees and lampstand in Zechariah 4 relate to the empowerment of the Holy Spirit in the New Testament?

3. How can we apply the lesson of humility and obedience from Zechariah's response to our own lives when we face situations we do not understand?

4. What parallels can we draw between the rebuilding of the temple in Zechariah's time and the building of God's kingdom today?

5. How does understanding the historical and biblical context of Zechariah's visions enhance our appreciation of God's faithfulness and plan for His people?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Revelation 11
The imagery of the two olive trees is echoed in Revelation, where they represent the two witnesses, symbolizing God's anointed servants.

1 Kings 6
The construction of Solomon's temple provides historical context for the significance of the temple rebuilding efforts in Zechariah's time.

Haggai 2
Haggai, a contemporary of Zechariah, also encourages the people to rebuild the temple, emphasizing God's presence and blessing.
Man as a Student of the Divine Revelation and a Doer of Divine WorkHomilistZechariah 4:1-14
The Candelabrum and Olive TreesW. L. Alexander, D. D.Zechariah 4:1-14
The CandlestickF. B. Meyer, B. A.Zechariah 4:1-14
The Golden CandlestickOutlines by a London MinisterZechariah 4:1-14
The Vision of the CandlestickGeorge Hutcheson.Zechariah 4:1-14
Do not Arrest the Inflow of Spiritual InfluencesF. B. Meyer, B. A.Zechariah 4:11-14
Model Religious TeachersHomilistZechariah 4:11-14
The Candlestick and the Olive TreesHugh Macmillan, D. D. , LL. D.Zechariah 4:11-14
The Consecration of the PeopleW. Gladden.Zechariah 4:11-14
The Olive Trees and the Candlesticks: Model Religious TeachersD. Thomas Zechariah 4:11-14
The Two Anointed OnesT. V. Moore, D. D.Zechariah 4:11-14
The Two Olive TreesGeorge Hutcheson.Zechariah 4:11-14
Two Olive TreesJames Wells.Zechariah 4:11-14
People
Zechariah, Zerubbabel
Places
Jerusalem
Topics
Hast, Saying, Speaketh, Spoke
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Zechariah 4:1-14

     1431   prophecy, OT methods
     4416   branch

Zechariah 4:11-14

     4111   angels, servants

Zechariah 4:12-14

     4488   oil

Library
September 2. "Who Hath Despised the Day of Small Things" (Zech. Iv. 10).
"Who hath despised the day of small things" (Zech. iv. 10). The oak comes out of the acorn, the eagle out of that little egg in the nest, the harvest comes out of the seed; and so the glory of the coming age is all coming out of the Christ life now, even as the majesty of His kingdom was all wrapped up that night in the babe of Bethlehem. Oh, let us take Him for all our life. Let us be united to His person and His risen body. Let us know what it is to say, "The Lord is for the body and the body is
Rev. A. B. Simpson—Days of Heaven Upon Earth

The Founder and Finisher of the Temple
'The hands of Zerubbabel have laid the foundation of this house; his hands shall also finish it.'--ZECHARIAH iv. 9. I am afraid that Zerubbabel is very little more than a grotesque name to most Bible-readers, so I may be allowed a word of explanation as to him and as to the original force of my text. He was a prince of the blood royal of Israel, and the civil leader of the first detachment of returning exiles. With Joshua, the high priest, he came, at the head of a little company, to Palestine, and
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Source of Power
'And the Angel that talked with me came again, and waked me, as a man that is wakened out of his sleep, 2. And said unto me, What seest thou? And I said, I have looked, and behold, a candlestick all of gold, with a bowl upon the top of it, and his seven lamps thereon, and seven pipes to the seven lamps which are upon the top thereof: 3. And two olive-trees by it, one upon the right side of the bowl, and the other upon the left side thereof. 4. So I answered and spake to the Angel that talked with
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Independence of Christianity
Now, as this is true in the general of the great acts of God, this is equally true in the minutiae of them. It is true that God has a church, that that church has been redeemed and will be preserved for his glory, and it is equally true that everything that is done to the church, in the church, or for the church either with the permission or by the power of God, is for God's glory, as well as for the church's weal. You will notice, in reading Scripture, that whenever God has blessed the church, he
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 3: 1857

Encouragement for the Depressed
"For who hath despised the day of small things?"--Zechariah 4:10. ZECHARIAH WAS ENGAGED in the building of the temple. When its foundations were laid, it struck everybody as being a very small edifice compared with the former glorious structure of Solomon. The friends of the enterprise lamented that it should be so small; the foes of it rejoiced and uttered strong expressions of contempt. Both friends and foes doubted whether, even on that small scale, the structure would ever be completed. They
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 61: 1915

The Power
"Not by might, nor by power, but by My Spirit, saith the Lord of hosts."--Zech. iv. 6. J. Tauler, 1361. tr., Emma Frances Bevan, 1899 Rest from longing and desire O thou weary heart! Dost thou ween thy choice has been Not the lower but the higher, Thine the better part? And therefore dost thou long with bitter longing From the day dawn to the night. For the holiness, the rest of His beloved Who walk with Him in white? Thou art wearied with the striving and the yearning For the crown that thou wouldst
Frances Bevan—Hymns of Ter Steegen and Others (Second Series)

Conversion --Human Agency In
What part and responsibility pertain to the human will in this matter? Before we leave the subject of conversion, it is important that we consider and understand this question also. For on this point also grievous and dangerous views and practices prevail. Human nature tends to extremes. Here too, there is a tendency to go too far, either in the one direction or the other. There are those, on the one hand, who virtually and practically make this change of heart and of nature a human work. They
G. H. Gerberding—The Way of Salvation in the Lutheran Church

Gifts and Talents.
"And the Spirit of the Lord came upon him."--Judges iii. 10. We now consider the Holy Spirit's work in bestowing gifts, talents, and abilities upon artisans and professional men. Scripture declares that the special animation and qualification of persons for work assigned to them by God proceed from the Holy Spirit. The construction of the tabernacle required capable workmen, skilful carpenters, goldsmiths, and silversmiths, and masters in the arts of weaving and embroidering. Who will furnish Moses
Abraham Kuyper—The Work of the Holy Spirit

Concerning the Power of the Civil Magistrate in Matters Purely Religious, and Pertaining to the Conscience.
Concerning the Power of the Civil Magistrate in Matters purely Religious, and pertaining to the Conscience. Since God hath assumed to himself the power and Dominion of the Conscience, who alone can rightly instruct and govern it, therefore it is not lawful [1226] for any whosoever, by virtue of any authority or principality they bear in the government of this world, to force the consciences of others; and therefore all killing, banishing, fining, imprisoning, and other such things which are inflicted
Robert Barclay—Theses Theologicae and An Apology for the True Christian Divinity

Jesus Calls Four Fishermen to Follow Him.
(Sea of Galilee, Near Capernaum.) ^A Matt. IV. 18-22; ^B Mark I. 16-20; ^C Luke V. 1-11. ^a 18 And walking ^b 16 And passing along by the sea of Galilee [This lake is a pear-shaped body of water, about twelve and a half miles long and about seven miles across at its widest place. It is 682 feet below sea level; its waters are fresh, clear and abounding in fish, and it is surrounded by hills and mountains, which rise from 600 to 1,000 feet above it. Its greatest depth is about 165 feet], he [Jesus]
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Of the Necessity of Divine Influences to Produce Regeneration in the Soul.
Titus iii. 5, 6. Titus iii. 5, 6. Not by works of righteousness, which we have done, but according to his mercy he saved us, by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy Ghost; which he shed on us abundantly, through Jesus Christ our Saviour. IF my business were to explain and illustrate this scripture at large, it would yield an ample field for accurate criticism and useful discourse, and more especially would lead us into a variety of practical remarks, on which it would be pleasant
Philip Doddridge—Practical Discourses on Regeneration

The Harbinger
The voice of him that crieth in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the LORD , make straight in the desert a high-way for our God. Every valley shall be exalted, and every mountain and hill shall be made low, and the crooked shall be made straight, and the rough places plain. And the glory of the LORD shall be revealed, and all flesh shall see it together, for the mouth of the LORD hath spoken it. T he general style of the prophecies is poetical. The inimitable simplicity which characterizes every
John Newton—Messiah Vol. 1

Zechariah
CHAPTERS I-VIII Two months after Haggai had delivered his first address to the people in 520 B.C., and a little over a month after the building of the temple had begun (Hag. i. 15), Zechariah appeared with another message of encouragement. How much it was needed we see from the popular despondency reflected in Hag. ii. 3, Jerusalem is still disconsolate (Zech. i. 17), there has been fasting and mourning, vii. 5, the city is without walls, ii. 5, the population scanty, ii. 4, and most of the people
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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