Psalm 87:4
"I will mention Rahab and Babylon among those who know Me--along with Philistia, Tyre, and Cush--when I say, 'This one was born in Zion.'"
I will mention Rahab and Babylon among those who know Me—
Rahab here is a poetic name for Egypt, often used in the Old Testament to symbolize pride and opposition to God (Isaiah 30:7). Babylon represents a powerful empire known for its idolatry and oppression of Israel. The mention of these nations signifies God's sovereignty over all nations, not just Israel. It suggests a future where even traditional enemies of Israel will come to acknowledge the Lord. This foreshadows the inclusion of Gentiles in the covenant community, a theme expanded in the New Testament (Ephesians 2:11-22).

along with Philistia, Tyre, and Cush—
Philistia and Tyre were neighboring regions often in conflict with Israel. Philistia was known for its military strength, while Tyre was a wealthy trading city. Cush, often identified with modern-day Ethiopia, represents distant lands. The inclusion of these nations indicates a universal recognition of God, transcending geographical and cultural boundaries. This reflects the prophetic vision of nations coming to worship God (Isaiah 2:2-4).

when I say, ‘This one was born in Zion.’
Zion, a term for Jerusalem, symbolizes the spiritual center of God's kingdom. The phrase "This one was born in Zion" implies a spiritual rebirth or adoption into God's people, regardless of ethnic origin. This anticipates the New Testament teaching of being "born again" (John 3:3) and the concept of the heavenly Jerusalem (Hebrews 12:22). It points to the idea that true citizenship in God's kingdom is not based on physical birth but on spiritual rebirth through faith.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Rahab
In this context, Rahab is a poetic name for Egypt, symbolizing a powerful nation. It is often used in the Bible to represent pride and opposition to God.

2. Babylon
A significant empire known for its wealth, power, and opposition to Israel. It represents worldly power and idolatry.

3. Philistia
A region and people who were frequent adversaries of Israel. Known for their conflicts with the Israelites, particularly during the time of King David.

4. Tyre
A wealthy and influential city-state known for its commerce and trade. It had a complex relationship with Israel, sometimes friendly, sometimes adversarial.

5. Cush
Often identified with the region south of Egypt, possibly modern-day Sudan or Ethiopia. Known for its distant location and sometimes seen as a symbol of the ends of the earth.
Teaching Points
God's Sovereign Plan of Inclusion
God's plan includes people from all nations, even those historically opposed to Israel. This demonstrates His sovereignty and grace in calling people to Himself.

The Universal Reach of the Gospel
The mention of diverse nations signifies the gospel's reach beyond Israel to all peoples. Believers are called to participate in this mission by sharing the gospel with all nations.

Identity in Christ
The phrase "This one was born in Zion" signifies a new identity for those who come to know God. Believers are spiritually reborn and become part of God's people, regardless of their earthly origins.

Breaking Down Barriers
The inclusion of former enemies highlights the breaking down of barriers through Christ. Believers are encouraged to seek reconciliation and unity within the body of Christ.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the inclusion of nations like Egypt and Babylon in Psalm 87:4 challenge our understanding of God's grace and mercy?

2. In what ways can we actively participate in God's mission to reach all nations with the gospel, as suggested by the universal scope of Psalm 87:4?

3. How does the concept of being "born in Zion" shape our identity as Christians, and how should it influence our daily lives?

4. What barriers exist in our communities or churches that prevent unity, and how can we work to overcome them in light of the message of Psalm 87:4?

5. How do the themes of inclusion and reconciliation in Psalm 87:4 connect with the teachings of the New Testament, particularly in the writings of Paul?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Isaiah 19:23-25
This passage speaks of a future time when Egypt and Assyria will worship the Lord alongside Israel, highlighting the inclusion of former enemies in God's plan.

Revelation 7:9
This verse describes a multitude from every nation, tribe, people, and language standing before the throne of God, emphasizing the universal reach of God's salvation.

Galatians 3:28
Paul speaks of the unity in Christ that transcends ethnic and social boundaries, reflecting the theme of inclusion found in Psalm 87:4.
A Material Portrait of the Spiritual ChurchHomilistPsalm 87:1-7
The City of GodJ. O. Keen, D. D.Psalm 87:1-7
The Glory of the ChurchC. Short Psalm 87:1-7
The Habitation of GodS. Conway Psalm 87:1-7
People
Heman, Jacob, Korah, Mahalath, Psalmist, Rahab
Places
Jerusalem
Topics
Acknowledge, Along, Babel, Babylon, Behold, Birth, Born, Cush, Ethiopia, Mention, Named, Philistia, Rahab, Record, Thatknow, Tyre, Zion
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Psalm 87:1-7

     7468   temple, rebuilding

Psalm 87:4-6

     5655   birth
     7271   Zion, as symbol

Library
Whether Pain is a Passion of the Soul?
Objection 1: It would seem that pain is not a passion of the soul. Because no passion of the soul is in the body. But pain can be in the body, since Augustine says (De Vera Relig. xii), that "bodily pain is a sudden corruption of the well-being of that thing which the soul, by making evil use of it, made subject to corruption." Therefore pain is not a passion of the soul. Objection 2: Further, every passion of the soul belongs to the appetitive faculty. But pain does not belong to the appetitive,
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

The Ancient Church
THE ANCIENT CHURCH: Its History, Doctrine, Worship, and Constitution, Traced for the First Three Hundred Years. BY W.D. KILLEN, D.D. Professor of Ecclesiastical History and Pastoral Theology to the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland. "Glorious things are spoken of thee, O city of God." PSALM lxxxvii. 3. NEW YORK: MDCCC.LIX.
William Dool Killen—The Ancient Church

Our Status.
"And he believed in the Lord: and he counted it to him for righteousness." --Gen. xv. 6. The right touches a man's status. So long as the law has not proven him guilty, has not convicted and sentenced him, his legal status is that of a free and law-abiding citizen. But as soon as his guilt is proven in court and the jury has convicted him, he passes from that into the status of the bound and law-breaking citizen. The same applies to our relation to God. Our status before God is that either of the
Abraham Kuyper—The Work of the Holy Spirit

The Golden Calf
'And when the people saw that Moses delayed to come down out of the mount, the people gathered themselves together unto Aaron, and said unto him, Up, make us gods, which shall go before us; for as for this Moses, the man that brought us up out of the land of Egypt, we wot not what is become of him. 2. And Aaron said unto them, Break off the golden earrings, which are in the ears of your wives, of your sons, and of your daughters, and bring them unto me. 3. And all the people brake off the golden
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Vehicles of Revelation; Scripture, the Church, Tradition.
(a) The supreme and unique revelation of God to man is in the Person of the Incarnate Son. But though unique the Incarnation is not solitary. Before it there was the divine institution of the Law and the Prophets, the former a typical anticipation (de Incarn. 40. 2) of the destined reality, and along with the latter (ib. 12. 2 and 5) for all the world a holy school of the knowledge of God and the conduct of the soul.' After it there is the history of the life and teaching of Christ and the writings
Athanasius—Select Works and Letters or Athanasius

The Hindrances to Mourning
What shall we do to get our heart into this mourning frame? Do two things. Take heed of those things which will stop these channels of mourning; put yourselves upon the use of all means that will help forward holy mourning. Take heed of those things which will stop the current of tears. There are nine hindrances of mourning. 1 The love of sin. The love of sin is like a stone in the pipe which hinders the current of water. The love of sin makes sin taste sweet and this sweetness in sin bewitches the
Thomas Watson—The Beatitudes: An Exposition of Matthew 5:1-12

The Worst Things Work for Good to the Godly
DO not mistake me, I do not say that of their own nature the worst things are good, for they are a fruit of the curse; but though they are naturally evil, yet the wise overruling hand of God disposing and sanctifying them, they are morally good. As the elements, though of contrary qualities, yet God has so tempered them, that they all work in a harmonious manner for the good of the universe. Or as in a watch, the wheels seem to move contrary one to another, but all carry on the motions of the watch:
Thomas Watson—A Divine Cordial

The Foundation of the Church among the Jews
A.D. 33-A.D. 38 Before entering upon an account of the Foundation and After-History of the Christian Church, it may be well to consider what that Church really is. Section 1. Definition of the Church. [Sidenote: Twofold nature of the Church.] The Church may be regarded in a twofold aspect, as an external Corporation, and as a spiritual Body. [Sidenote: 1. An external Kingdom.] In the first light it is a Kingdom, in the world, though not of the world, extending through different and widely-separated
John Henry Blunt—A Key to the Knowledge of Church History

Psalms
The piety of the Old Testament Church is reflected with more clearness and variety in the Psalter than in any other book of the Old Testament. It constitutes the response of the Church to the divine demands of prophecy, and, in a less degree, of law; or, rather, it expresses those emotions and aspirations of the universal heart which lie deeper than any formal demand. It is the speech of the soul face to face with God. Its words are as simple and unaffected as human words can be, for it is the genius
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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