Nahum 3:9

Cush and Egypt were her boundless strength; Put and Libya were her allies.

Study Bible

Cush and Egypt
The mention of "Cush and Egypt" refers to regions known for their historical might and influence. Cush, often associated with the region south of Egypt, corresponds to modern-day Sudan. In the Hebrew context, Cush is sometimes synonymous with Ethiopia. Egypt, a powerful and ancient civilization, was renowned for its wealth, military prowess, and cultural influence. The alliance between Cush and Egypt signifies a formidable force, suggesting that Nineveh, the capital of Assyria, had strong allies. This highlights the extent of Nineveh's power and the perceived invincibility of its empire. Historically, these regions were known for their chariots and skilled warriors, contributing to the strength of any coalition they joined.

were her boundless strength
The phrase "were her boundless strength" emphasizes the seemingly limitless power and resources that Nineveh could draw upon. The Hebrew word for "strength" here can also imply a sense of might or force. The term "boundless" suggests an overwhelming, inexhaustible supply of military and economic resources. This reflects the confidence and security that Nineveh felt due to its alliances. However, the prophetic message of Nahum is that even such formidable strength is not enough to withstand the judgment of God. This serves as a reminder of the ultimate sovereignty of God over nations, regardless of their earthly power.

Put and Libya
"Put" is often identified with the region west of Egypt, possibly corresponding to modern-day Libya or parts of North Africa. Libya, mentioned alongside Put, further reinforces the idea of a coalition of North African powers. These regions were known for their warriors and mercenaries, often employed by other nations for their military campaigns. The inclusion of Put and Libya as allies indicates a broad network of support for Nineveh, extending beyond its immediate neighbors. This historical context underscores the vast reach and influence of the Assyrian Empire, which could command loyalty and support from distant lands.

were her allies
The term "allies" suggests a formal agreement or partnership, often for mutual benefit, particularly in military endeavors. In the ancient Near Eastern context, alliances were crucial for maintaining power and security. The Hebrew word used here implies a binding relationship, one that would have been seen as a source of strength and reassurance. However, Nahum's prophecy reveals the futility of relying on human alliances when faced with divine judgment. This serves as a powerful reminder of the transient nature of earthly power and the importance of placing trust in God rather than in human alliances or strength.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Cush
Often identified with the region south of Egypt, possibly modern-day Sudan or Ethiopia. Known for its strength and military prowess.

2. Egypt
A powerful and influential nation in ancient times, often seen as a symbol of worldly power and idolatry.

3. Put
Generally associated with the region west of Egypt, possibly modern-day Libya. Known for its warriors and mercenaries.

4. Libya
A region in North Africa, known for its alliance with Egypt and other nations.

5. Thebes (No-Amon)
The city referred to in the broader context of Nahum 3, known for its wealth and fortifications, yet ultimately fell to its enemies.

Teaching Points

Reliance on Earthly Powers
The verse highlights the futility of relying on human alliances and strength. Despite their might, Cush, Egypt, Put, and Libya could not prevent Thebes' downfall. Believers are reminded to place their trust in God rather than worldly powers.

God's Sovereignty Over Nations
The alliances mentioned in Nahum 3:9 serve as a reminder of God's ultimate control over the rise and fall of nations. This encourages believers to trust in God's plan and timing, even when worldly powers seem overwhelming.

The Danger of Pride
The verse illustrates the danger of pride and self-reliance. Nations that boast in their strength and alliances are often brought low. Christians are called to humility and dependence on God.

Historical Context as a Warning
Understanding the historical context of Thebes' fall serves as a warning to contemporary believers about the consequences of turning away from God. It encourages a life of faithfulness and obedience.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the historical context of Nahum 3:9 help us understand the dangers of relying on worldly alliances today?

2. In what ways can we apply the lesson of God's sovereignty over nations to our personal lives and current global events?

3. How does the downfall of powerful nations like Egypt and Cush challenge our understanding of security and strength?

4. What are some modern-day "alliances" or "strengths" that people might rely on instead of God, and how can we guard against this tendency?

5. How can the themes of pride and humility in Nahum 3:9 be applied to our personal walk with Christ and our interactions with others?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Isaiah 20
Discusses the fall of Egypt and Cush, highlighting the futility of relying on earthly powers.

Ezekiel 30
Prophesies the downfall of Egypt and its allies, emphasizing God's sovereignty over nations.

Jeremiah 46
Describes the defeat of Egypt, reinforcing the theme of divine judgment against prideful nations.