Lamentations 2:5
The Lord is like an enemy; He has swallowed up Israel. He has swallowed up all her palaces and destroyed her strongholds. He has multiplied mourning and lamentation for the Daughter of Judah.
The Lord is like an enemy;
This phrase reflects the deep anguish and confusion of the Israelites as they perceive God's actions against them. Historically, the Israelites understood God as their protector and ally, but due to their persistent disobedience and idolatry, God allowed their enemies to triumph over them. This is reminiscent of Deuteronomy 28, where blessings and curses are outlined based on Israel's obedience or disobedience. The imagery of God as an enemy underscores the severity of their situation and the depth of their estrangement from Him.

He has swallowed up Israel.
The term "swallowed up" conveys total destruction and consumption, similar to how the earth swallowed Korah and his followers in Numbers 16:32. This reflects the complete devastation of the Northern Kingdom of Israel by the Assyrians in 722 BC and serves as a warning to Judah. The imagery suggests an overwhelming force that leaves nothing behind, emphasizing the totality of God's judgment.

He has swallowed up all her palaces and destroyed her strongholds.
Palaces and strongholds symbolize security, wealth, and power. Their destruction signifies the loss of national pride and protection. Archaeological evidence from sites like Lachish shows the extent of destruction during the Babylonian invasions. This phrase highlights the futility of relying on human strength and fortifications instead of God, echoing the warnings of prophets like Isaiah and Jeremiah.

He has multiplied mourning and lamentation for the Daughter of Judah.
The "Daughter of Judah" is a poetic term for the people of Judah, emphasizing their vulnerability and the personal nature of their suffering. Mourning and lamentation are expressions of profound grief, often associated with death and loss. This reflects the cultural practices of the time, where public displays of mourning were common. The phrase connects to the broader theme of Lamentations, which is a book of sorrow and repentance, urging the people to turn back to God amidst their suffering.

Persons / Places / Events
1. The Lord
The sovereign God of Israel, who is depicted as acting in judgment against His people due to their disobedience.

2. Israel
The northern kingdom, representing the people of God who have faced divine judgment.

3. Daughter of Judah
A poetic term for the southern kingdom of Judah, emphasizing its vulnerability and suffering.

4. Palaces and Strongholds
Symbols of security and power that have been destroyed, indicating the totality of the devastation.

5. Mourning and Lamentation
The emotional and communal response to the destruction and suffering experienced by the people.
Teaching Points
Understanding Divine Judgment
Recognize that God's judgment is a response to persistent disobedience and sin. It serves as a call to repentance and a return to faithfulness.

The Consequences of Sin
Reflect on how sin can lead to the loss of security and blessings, as seen in the destruction of palaces and strongholds.

God's Sovereignty in Suffering
Even in times of suffering, God remains sovereign. Trust in His ultimate plan and purpose, even when it involves discipline.

The Role of Lament
Embrace lamentation as a biblical response to suffering. It is a way to express grief and seek God's mercy and restoration.

Hope in Restoration
While Lamentations focuses on judgment, it also points to the hope of restoration. Trust in God's promise to restore and renew His people.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does understanding God's role as a judge affect your view of His character and your relationship with Him?

2. In what ways can the destruction of "palaces and strongholds" in your life lead to spiritual growth and reliance on God?

3. How can the practice of lamentation deepen your faith and trust in God's sovereignty during difficult times?

4. What are some modern-day "strongholds" that might need to be surrendered to God to avoid His judgment?

5. How can you find hope and assurance in God's promises of restoration, even when facing the consequences of sin?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Jeremiah 30:14
This verse also speaks of God acting as an adversary due to the sins of His people, highlighting the theme of divine judgment.

Isaiah 63:10
Describes how the people grieved the Holy Spirit, causing God to turn against them, similar to the imagery in Lamentations.

Psalm 74:3-8
Reflects on the destruction of the sanctuary and the lament over the loss of God's protection, paralleling the themes in Lamentations 2:5.

Deuteronomy 28:49-52
Foretells the consequences of disobedience, including the destruction of cities and strongholds, which is realized in Lamentations.
Jehovah Reckoned as an EnemyD. Young Lamentations 2:5
ChastisementsJ. Udall.Lamentations 2:1-9
Spoiled HabitationsJ. Udall.Lamentations 2:1-9
Strength DespoiledJ. Udall.Lamentations 2:1-9
Divine DispleasureJ. Udall.Lamentations 2:4-5
God as an EnemyW. P. Adeney, M. A.Lamentations 2:4-5
The Divine AngerJ. Udall.Lamentations 2:4-5
People
Jacob, Jeremiah
Places
Jerusalem, Zion
Topics
Daughter, Destroyed, Destruction, Enemy, Fighting, Fortresses, Grief, Holds, Houses, Increased, Increasing, Judah, Laid, Lamentation, Making, Moaning, Mourning, Multiplied, Multiplieth, Palaces, Places, Ruins, Sending, Sorrow, Strong, Strongholds, Swallowed, Waste
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Lamentations 2:5

     5899   lament
     7963   song

Lamentations 2:1-9

     1025   God, anger of
     8722   doubt, nature of

Lamentations 2:5-9

     5508   ruins

Library
Watch-Night Service
"Ye virgin souls, arise! With all the dead awake; Unto salvation wise; Oil in your vessels take: Upstarting at the MIDNIGHT CRY, Behold Your heavenly bridegroom nigh." Two brethren then offered prayer for the Church and the World, that the new year might be clothed with glory by the spread of the knowledge of Jesus.--Then followed the EXPOSITION Psalm 90:1-22 "Lord, thou hast been our dwelling place in all generations. Yea Jehovah, WE, they children, can say that thou hast been our home, our safe
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 2: 1856

Chel. The Court of the Women.
The Court of the Gentiles compassed the Temple and the courts on every side. The same also did Chel, or the Ante-murale. "That space was ten cubits broad, divided from the Court of the Gentiles by a fence, ten hand-breadths high; in which were thirteen breaches, which the kings of Greece had made: but the Jews had again repaired them, and had appointed thirteen adorations answering to them." Maimonides writes: "Inwards" (from the Court of the Gentiles) "was a fence, that encompassed on every side,
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

Appendix ix. List of Old Testament Passages Messianically Applied in Ancient Rabbinic Writings
THE following list contains the passages in the Old Testament applied to the Messiah or to Messianic times in the most ancient Jewish writings. They amount in all to 456, thus distributed: 75 from the Pentateuch, 243 from the Prophets, and 138 from the Hagiorgrapha, and supported by more than 558 separate quotations from Rabbinic writings. Despite all labour care, it can scarcely be hoped that the list is quite complete, although, it is hoped, no important passage has been omitted. The Rabbinic references
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

Departure from Ireland. Death and Burial at Clairvaux.
[Sidenote: 1148, May (?)] 67. (30). Being asked once, in what place, if a choice were given him, he would prefer to spend his last day--for on this subject the brothers used to ask one another what place each would select for himself--he hesitated, and made no reply. But when they insisted, he said, "If I take my departure hence[821] I shall do so nowhere more gladly than whence I may rise together with our Apostle"[822]--he referred to St. Patrick; "but if it behoves me to make a pilgrimage, and
H. J. Lawlor—St. Bernard of Clairvaux's Life of St. Malachy of Armagh

That the Ruler Should be Discreet in Keeping Silence, Profitable in Speech.
The ruler should be discreet in keeping silence, profitable in speech; lest he either utter what ought to be suppressed or suppress what he ought to utter. For, as incautious speaking leads into error, so indiscreet silence leaves in error those who might have been instructed. For often improvident rulers, fearing to lose human favour, shrink timidly from speaking freely the things that are right; and, according to the voice of the Truth (Joh. x. 12), serve unto the custody of the flock by no means
Leo the Great—Writings of Leo the Great

Lii. Concerning Hypocrisy, Worldly Anxiety, Watchfulness, and his Approaching Passion.
(Galilee.) ^C Luke XII. 1-59. ^c 1 In the meantime [that is, while these things were occurring in the Pharisee's house], when the many thousands of the multitude were gathered together, insomuch that they trod one upon another [in their eagerness to get near enough to Jesus to see and hear] , he began to say unto his disciples first of all [that is, as the first or most appropriate lesson], Beware ye of the leaven of the Pharisees, which is hypocrisy. [This admonition is the key to the understanding
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Lamentations
The book familiarly known as the Lamentations consists of four elegies[1] (i., ii., iii., iv.) and a prayer (v.). The general theme of the elegies is the sorrow and desolation created by the destruction of Jerusalem[2] in 586 B.C.: the last poem (v.) is a prayer for deliverance from the long continued distress. The elegies are all alphabetic, and like most alphabetic poems (cf. Ps. cxix.) are marked by little continuity of thought. The first poem is a lament over Jerusalem, bereft, by the siege,
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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