Judges 9:48

he and all his men went up to Mount Zalmon. Abimelech took his axe in his hand and cut a branch from the trees, which he lifted to his shoulder, saying to his men, "Hurry and do what you have seen me do."

Study Bible

he and all his men went up to Mount Zalmon.
Mount Zalmon is mentioned only here in the Bible, and its exact location is uncertain, though it is believed to be near Shechem. The ascent to a mountain often signifies a strategic military move, as higher ground provides a tactical advantage. This action reflects Abimelech's leadership and determination to assert control over his enemies. The mountain setting also evokes imagery of other significant biblical events on mountains, such as Moses receiving the Law on Mount Sinai.

Abimelech took his axe in his hand
The axe symbolizes both authority and impending judgment. In biblical times, tools like axes were essential for survival and warfare, indicating Abimelech's readiness for action. This act of taking the axe himself demonstrates his hands-on leadership style, contrasting with leaders who delegate such tasks. It also foreshadows the destruction he is about to unleash, reminiscent of the judgment themes found throughout the Old Testament.

and cut a branch from the trees,
Cutting a branch signifies preparation for an attack, as branches were often used to construct siege works or set fires. This act can be seen as a precursor to the destruction of Shechem, highlighting the theme of divine retribution against those who oppose God's chosen leaders. The imagery of cutting down branches also echoes prophetic warnings, such as those found in Isaiah, where nations are likened to trees being felled.

which he lifted to his shoulder,
Lifting the branch to his shoulder indicates Abimelech's willingness to bear the burden of leadership and the responsibility for the ensuing actions. This gesture can be seen as a type of Christ, who bore the cross on His shoulders, symbolizing the ultimate burden of sin and sacrifice. The act of carrying the branch also emphasizes the physical and symbolic weight of Abimelech's mission.

saying to his men, “Hurry and do what you have seen me do.”
Abimelech's command to his men underscores the importance of decisive action and unity in achieving their goal. His directive reflects the biblical principle of leading by example, as seen in the teachings of Jesus, who instructed His disciples to follow His actions. This phrase also highlights the urgency and immediacy of the situation, as well as the need for obedience and coordination among his followers.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Abimelech
The son of Gideon (also known as Jerubbaal), who declared himself king over Shechem and led a violent campaign to secure his rule.

2. Mount Zalmon
A location near Shechem where Abimelech and his men gathered branches to set fire to the tower of Shechem.

3. Shechem
An ancient city in the hill country of Ephraim, significant in Israel's history, where Abimelech's violent actions took place.

4. The Men of Abimelech
Followers of Abimelech who participated in his campaign and followed his lead in the destruction of Shechem.

5. The Tower of Shechem
A stronghold where the people of Shechem sought refuge, which Abimelech set on fire.

Teaching Points

Leadership and Influence
Abimelech's actions demonstrate the power of leadership, for good or ill. Leaders must be mindful of their influence and the example they set.

Consequences of Ambition
Abimelech's account is a cautionary tale about unchecked ambition and the destructive path it can lead to. Ambition should be tempered with humility and a desire to serve others.

The Cycle of Violence
The events at Shechem illustrate the destructive cycle of violence and retribution. As Christians, we are called to break this cycle through forgiveness and reconciliation.

The Importance of Godly Counsel
Abimelech's lack of godly counsel and accountability led to his downfall. Surrounding ourselves with wise, godly advisors can help us make righteous decisions.

God's Sovereignty and Justice
Despite Abimelech's evil actions, God's justice ultimately prevails. We can trust in God's sovereignty and His ability to bring about justice in His timing.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Abimelech's leadership style contrast with the biblical model of servant leadership exemplified by Jesus?

2. In what ways can unchecked ambition lead to personal and communal destruction, and how can we guard against it in our own lives?

3. How does the account of Abimelech and Shechem illustrate the principle of sowing and reaping found in Galatians 6:7?

4. What steps can we take to ensure we are surrounded by godly counsel and accountability in our decision-making processes?

5. How can we trust in God's sovereignty and justice when we witness or experience injustice in the world today?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Judges 9:1-6
Provides context for Abimelech's rise to power and his ruthless ambition, highlighting his character and motivations.

Genesis 34
Shechem is also the site of the incident involving Dinah, showing its historical significance and recurring themes of violence and retribution.

2 Samuel 23:28
Mentions Zalmon, one of David's mighty warriors, possibly connecting to the location of Mount Zalmon.

Proverbs 16:18
Offers wisdom on pride and destruction, relevant to Abimelech's downfall.

Galatians 6:7
Speaks to the principle of sowing and reaping, applicable to Abimelech's actions and their consequences.