Joshua 7:11

Israel has sinned; they have transgressed My covenant that I commanded them, and they have taken some of what was devoted to destruction. Indeed, they have stolen and lied, and they have put these things with their own possessions.

Study Bible

Israel has sinned
The phrase "Israel has sinned" immediately sets the tone for the gravity of the situation. In Hebrew, the word for "sinned" is "חָטָא" (chata), which means to miss the mark or to fall short. This is not just an individual failing but a collective one, indicating that the actions of one can affect the entire community. In the context of ancient Israel, the nation was seen as a covenant community, bound together in their relationship with God. The sin of Achan, as revealed later in the chapter, is a breach of this covenant, highlighting the communal responsibility and the seriousness of sin in the eyes of God.

They have violated My covenant
The term "violated" comes from the Hebrew "עָבַר" (avar), meaning to transgress or pass over. This indicates a deliberate action against the established agreement between God and Israel. The "covenant" (בְּרִית, berit) is a sacred agreement, often sealed with a solemn promise or sacrifice. In the historical context, covenants were binding and breaking them had severe consequences. This violation is not just a legal breach but a spiritual betrayal, showing a lack of faithfulness to God who had delivered them from Egypt and given them the Promised Land.

that I commanded them to keep
The phrase underscores the divine authority behind the covenant. The word "commanded" (צִוָּה, tzivah) implies a direct order from God, not a suggestion or guideline. The Israelites were expected to "keep" (שָׁמַר, shamar), meaning to guard or observe diligently. This reflects the expectation of obedience and the importance of adhering to God's laws as a demonstration of their commitment and love for Him. Historically, this obedience was crucial for maintaining the blessings and protection promised by God.

They have taken some of what was set apart
The phrase "set apart" translates from the Hebrew "חֵרֶם" (cherem), which refers to something devoted or consecrated to God, often through destruction. In the context of the conquest of Jericho, certain items were to be devoted to God, either by being placed in the treasury or destroyed. Taking these items was a direct act of disobedience and a violation of the sacredness of what was dedicated to God. This act of taking what was "set apart" signifies a lack of reverence and an intrusion into what was holy.

for destruction
The term "destruction" here is linked to the concept of cherem, indicating that these items were meant to be completely destroyed as an offering to God. This was a common practice in ancient warfare, where spoils were either dedicated to a deity or destroyed to prevent their use by others. The failure to destroy these items as commanded was not just a failure to follow orders but a spiritual defilement, as it kept what was meant to be a sacrifice for God.

They have stolen and lied
The words "stolen" (גָּנַב, ganav) and "lied" (כָּחַשׁ, kachash) highlight the moral and ethical dimensions of the sin. Stealing implies taking what is not rightfully yours, while lying suggests deceit and a cover-up. These actions compound the sin, showing a deliberate attempt to hide wrongdoing from both God and the community. In the biblical narrative, these actions are not just against human laws but are seen as direct offenses against God, who sees all and knows all.

and put them with their own possessions
This phrase indicates an attempt to integrate the forbidden items into personal property, symbolizing a deeper level of rebellion. The act of placing what was devoted to God among personal belongings shows a disregard for the sacred and a prioritization of personal gain over divine command. In the historical and cultural context, this act would have been seen as a serious breach of trust and an affront to the holiness of God. It serves as a reminder of the importance of keeping what is sacred separate and honoring God with our possessions and actions.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Israel
The collective nation of God's chosen people, who have entered the Promised Land under Joshua's leadership. In this context, Israel is held accountable for the sin of one individual, Achan, highlighting the communal nature of sin and responsibility.

2. Joshua
The leader of Israel, successor to Moses, tasked with leading the Israelites into the Promised Land. He is responsible for addressing the sin within the camp and restoring the covenant relationship with God.

3. Achan
An Israelite from the tribe of Judah who disobeyed God's command by taking devoted items from Jericho, leading to Israel's defeat at Ai. His actions serve as a cautionary tale about the consequences of disobedience.

4. Ai
A city in Canaan where Israel faced unexpected defeat due to Achan's sin. This event underscores the importance of obedience to God's commands for victory and blessing.

5. The Devoted Things
Items that were to be destroyed or dedicated to the Lord as part of the conquest of Jericho. Achan's taking of these items represents a breach of God's covenant and a failure to honor His holiness.

Teaching Points

The Communal Impact of Sin
Sin is not just a personal issue; it affects the entire community of believers. We must be vigilant in addressing sin within our midst to maintain purity and unity.

The Importance of Obedience
Obedience to God's commands is crucial for experiencing His blessings and victory. Disobedience leads to defeat and separation from God's favor.

The Consequences of Hidden Sin
Hidden sin can lead to unexpected consequences and hinder our relationship with God. Confession and repentance are necessary to restore fellowship with Him.

God's Holiness and Justice
God's response to sin reflects His holiness and justice. We must approach Him with reverence and a commitment to uphold His standards.

The Need for Accountability
Accountability within the community of believers helps prevent sin and encourages spiritual growth. We should support one another in living according to God's Word.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the sin of one individual, like Achan, affect the entire community of believers today?

2. In what ways can we ensure that we are obedient to God's commands in our daily lives?

3. What steps can we take to uncover and address hidden sins in our hearts and communities?

4. How does understanding God's holiness and justice influence our approach to sin and repentance?

5. What role does accountability play in maintaining a healthy and holy community of believers, and how can we foster it in our church or small group?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Deuteronomy 7:25-26
These verses warn against taking devoted things, emphasizing the need for Israel to remain pure and obedient to God's commands. This connection highlights the seriousness of Achan's sin and the broader implications for the community.

1 Corinthians 5:6-7
Paul speaks about the impact of sin within the church, using the metaphor of leaven. This connection illustrates how individual sin can affect the entire community, similar to Achan's impact on Israel.

Hebrews 12:1
Encourages believers to lay aside every weight and sin that entangles. This connection serves as a reminder of the need for personal holiness and vigilance against sin.