Ezra 8:35
Then the exiles who had returned from captivity sacrificed burnt offerings to the God of Israel: 12 bulls for all Israel, 96 rams, 77 lambs, and a sin offering of 12 male goats. All this was a burnt offering to the LORD.
Then the exiles who had returned from captivity
This phrase highlights the fulfillment of God's promise to bring His people back from exile. The Hebrew word for "exiles" (גּוֹלָה, golah) refers to those who were taken away from their homeland. Historically, this return marks a significant moment of restoration and hope for the Israelites, as they were once again able to worship in their own land. It signifies God's faithfulness and the beginning of a new chapter for His people.

offered burnt offerings
The act of offering burnt offerings (עוֹלָה, olah) is deeply rooted in the Hebrew tradition as a means of atonement and worship. Burnt offerings were completely consumed by fire, symbolizing total dedication to God. This act by the returning exiles demonstrates their commitment to reestablishing their covenant relationship with God and their desire to seek His favor and forgiveness.

to the God of Israel
This phrase emphasizes the covenantal relationship between God and Israel. The God of Israel is a title that underscores His unique relationship with His chosen people. It is a reminder of the identity and heritage of the Israelites, who are called to be a light to the nations and to uphold the laws and commandments given to them.

twelve bulls for all Israel
The number twelve is significant in the Bible, often representing completeness and the twelve tribes of Israel. Offering twelve bulls symbolizes the unity and collective identity of the entire nation, despite the division and dispersion they had experienced. It is a declaration of their unity and shared purpose in worshiping God.

ninety-six rams
The offering of rams, which are often associated with strength and leadership, could symbolize the strength and renewed leadership of the returning community. The specific number, ninety-six, may not have a direct symbolic meaning but reflects the abundance and generosity of the offerings made to God.

seventy-seven lambs
Lambs are frequently used in sacrificial offerings, symbolizing innocence and purity. The number seventy-seven may suggest completeness and spiritual perfection, as the number seven is often associated with these concepts in biblical numerology. This offering reflects the community's desire for spiritual renewal and purity before God.

and as a sin offering twelve male goats
The sin offering (חַטָּאת, chatat) was a crucial part of the sacrificial system, intended to atone for unintentional sins and restore the relationship between the people and God. The use of twelve male goats again emphasizes the collective responsibility and unity of the twelve tribes in seeking forgiveness and reconciliation with God.

all this was a burnt offering to the LORD
The repetition of the phrase "burnt offering" underscores the totality and seriousness of the people's dedication to God. The use of the divine name "LORD" (יהוה, Yahweh) highlights the personal and covenantal nature of their relationship with God. This act of worship is a profound expression of gratitude, repentance, and commitment to living according to God's will.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Ezra
A scribe and priest who led the second group of exiles back to Jerusalem from Babylon. He was instrumental in re-establishing the Law of Moses among the people.

2. The Exiles
The group of Israelites who returned from Babylonian captivity to Jerusalem. They were committed to restoring the worship and practices of their ancestors.

3. Jerusalem
The holy city where the temple was located, and the center of Jewish worship and sacrifice.

4. Burnt Offerings
Sacrifices made to God as an act of worship and atonement. These offerings were completely consumed by fire, symbolizing total dedication to God.

5. The God of Israel
The one true God whom the Israelites worshiped, distinct from the pagan gods of surrounding nations.
Teaching Points
Commitment to Worship
The exiles' offerings demonstrate a deep commitment to worshiping God according to His commandments. We are called to prioritize worship in our lives, ensuring it aligns with biblical principles.

Symbolism of Sacrifice
The burnt offerings symbolize total dedication and surrender to God. In our lives, we are to offer ourselves wholly to God, holding nothing back.

Community and Unity
The collective offering for "all Israel" signifies unity among the people. As believers, we should strive for unity in our communities, working together to honor God.

Repentance and Atonement
The sin offerings highlight the need for repentance and atonement. We must regularly examine our lives, confess our sins, and seek God's forgiveness.

Faithfulness in Obedience
The exiles' adherence to the sacrificial system shows their faithfulness to God's commands. We are called to be obedient to God's Word in all aspects of our lives.
Bible Study Questions
1. What does the act of offering burnt offerings signify about the exiles' relationship with God, and how can we apply this principle in our worship today?

2. How does the concept of sacrifice in Ezra 8:35 relate to the New Testament teaching of offering ourselves as living sacrifices?

3. In what ways can we foster unity within our church or community, similar to the collective offering made by the exiles for "all Israel"?

4. How can we incorporate regular practices of repentance and atonement in our spiritual lives, drawing from the example of the sin offerings?

5. What steps can we take to ensure our worship and obedience to God are aligned with biblical teachings, as demonstrated by the exiles' faithfulness?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Leviticus 1
Provides detailed instructions on how burnt offerings were to be made, emphasizing the importance of sacrifice in worship and atonement.

Nehemiah 8
Describes a similar period of spiritual renewal and dedication to God's Law, highlighting the importance of community worship and repentance.

Romans 12:1
Encourages believers to offer themselves as living sacrifices, drawing a parallel between Old Testament sacrifices and New Testament spiritual worship.
ZionwardsW. Clarkson Ezra 8:24-36
ProgressJ.A. Macdonald Ezra 8:31-36
People
Adin, Adonikam, Ariel, Artaxerxes, Athaliah, Azgad, Bani, Bebai, Bigvai, Binnui, Daniel, David, Ebed, Elam, Eleazar, Eliezer, Elihoenai, Eliphelet, Elnathan, Gershom, Hakkatan, Hashabiah, Hattush, Iddo, Isaiah, Ithamar, Jahaziel, Jarib, Jehiel, Jeiel, Jeshaiah, Jeshua, Jeuel, Joab, Johanan, Joiarib, Jonathan, Josiphiah, Jozabad, Levi, Levites, Mahli, Merari, Meremoth, Meshullam, Michael, Nathan, Noadiah, Obadiah, Pahathmoab, Parosh, Pharosh, Phinehas, Shecaniah, Shechaniah, Shelomith, Shemaiah, Shephatiah, Sherebiah, Uriah, Urijah, Uthai, Zabbud, Zaccur, Zattu, Zebadiah, Zechariah, Zerahiah
Places
Ahava, Babylonia, Beyond the River, Casiphia, Jerusalem
Topics
Bullocks, 77, 96, Bulls, Burned, Burnt, Burnt-offering, Burnt-offerings, Captives, Captivity, Carried, Exile, Exiles, Goats, He-goats, Lambs, Male, Ninety, Ninety-six, Offered, Offering, Offerings, Oxen, Presented, Prisoners, Rams, Removal, Returned, Sacrificed, Seven, Seventy, Seventy-seven, Sheep, Sin, Sin-offering, Six, Sons, Strange, Twelve
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Ezra 8:35

     1654   numbers, 11-99
     4615   bull
     4651   goat
     7435   sacrifice, in OT
     7444   sin offering

Library
The Charge of the Pilgrim Priests
'Watch ye, and keep them, until ye weigh them ... at Jerusalem, in the chambers of the house of the Lord.'--EZRA viii. 29. The little band of Jews, seventeen hundred in number, returning from Babylon, had just started on that long pilgrimage, and made a brief halt in order to get everything in order for their transit across the desert; when their leader Ezra, taking count of his men, discovers that amongst them there are none of the priests or Levites. He then takes measures to reinforce his little
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Heroic Faith
'I was ashamed to require of the king a band of soldiers and horsemen to help us against the enemy in the way: because we had spoken unto the king, saying, The hand of our God is upon them all for good that seek Him.... 23. So we fasted and besought our God for this.... 31. The hand of our God was upon us, and He delivered us from the hand of the enemy, and of such as lay in wait by the way. 32. And we came to Jerusalem.'--EZRA viii. 22, 23, 31, 32. The memory of Ezra the scribe has scarcely had
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Of the Public Fast.
A public fast is when, by the authority of the magistrate (Jonah iii. 7; 2 Chron. xx. 3; Ezra viii. 21), either the whole church within his dominion, or some special congregation, whom it concerneth, assemble themselves together, to perform the fore-mentioned duties of humiliation; either for the removing of some public calamity threatened or already inflicted upon them, as the sword, invasion, famine, pestilence, or other fearful sickness (1 Sam. vii. 5, 6; Joel ii. 15; 2 Chron. xx.; Jonah iii.
Lewis Bayly—The Practice of Piety

The Old Testament Canon from Its Beginning to Its Close.
The first important part of the Old Testament put together as a whole was the Pentateuch, or rather, the five books of Moses and Joshua. This was preceded by smaller documents, which one or more redactors embodied in it. The earliest things committed to writing were probably the ten words proceeding from Moses himself, afterwards enlarged into the ten commandments which exist at present in two recensions (Exod. xx., Deut. v.) It is true that we have the oldest form of the decalogue from the Jehovist
Samuel Davidson—The Canon of the Bible

Upon Our Lord's SermonOn the Mount
Discourse 7 "Moreover when ye fast, be not, as the hypocrites, of a sad countenance. For they disfigure their faces, that they may appear unto men to fast. Verily I say unto you, They have their reward. But thou, when thou fastest, anoint thine head, and wash thy face; That thou appear not unto men to fast, but unto thy Father which is in secret: And thy Father, which seeth in secret, shall reward thee openly." Matthew 6:16-18. 1. It has been the endeavour of Satan, from the beginning of the world,
John Wesley—Sermons on Several Occasions

Ezra-Nehemiah
Some of the most complicated problems in Hebrew history as well as in the literary criticism of the Old Testament gather about the books of Ezra and Nehemiah. Apart from these books, all that we know of the origin and early history of Judaism is inferential. They are our only historical sources for that period; and if in them we have, as we seem to have, authentic memoirs, fragmentary though they be, written by the two men who, more than any other, gave permanent shape and direction to Judaism, then
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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