Ezra 5:6

This is the text of the letter that Tattenai the governor of the region west of the Euphrates, Shethar-bozenai, and their associates, the officials in the region, sent to King Darius.

Study Bible

This is the text of the letter
The phrase introduces a formal communication, emphasizing the importance of written records in ancient governance. In the ancient Near East, letters were crucial for administration and diplomacy. The Hebrew word for "letter" (אִגֶּרֶת, iggeret) underscores the official nature of this document, which was intended to convey significant information to the king. This highlights the meticulous nature of Persian administration and the importance of documentation in maintaining order across vast territories.

Tattenai, the governor of the region west of the Euphrates
Tattenai is identified as a governor, a position of authority and responsibility. The title "governor" (פַּחַת, pachat) indicates a provincial leader under the Persian Empire, tasked with overseeing a specific region. The mention of "the region west of the Euphrates" situates the narrative geographically, referring to the area known as "Beyond the River," a term used in Persian administration to describe territories west of the Euphrates River. This highlights the vastness of the Persian Empire and the complexity of its administrative divisions.

Shethar-bozenai
Shethar-bozenai is mentioned alongside Tattenai, suggesting a role of significance, possibly as an advisor or co-official. The inclusion of his name indicates the collaborative nature of governance and the presence of multiple officials in decision-making processes. The name itself, while not fully understood, reflects the diverse cultural and linguistic influences within the Persian Empire, where officials often bore names of various origins.

and their associates—the officials of that region
This phrase underscores the collective nature of the administration. The term "associates" (חֲבֵרִים, chaverim) implies a group of officials working together, reflecting the bureaucratic structure of the Persian Empire. The mention of "officials" (שָׁלִיטִים, shalitim) further emphasizes the organized and hierarchical nature of governance, where various levels of authority were involved in regional management.

sent to King Darius
The act of sending a letter to King Darius highlights the chain of command and the process of seeking royal approval or intervention. Darius I, known for his administrative genius, ruled the Persian Empire at its peak. The communication with the king signifies the importance of the matter at hand, as well as the respect and protocol observed in addressing the sovereign. This reflects the centralized power of the Persian monarchy and the role of the king as the ultimate authority in the empire.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Tattenai
The governor of the region west of the Euphrates River during the time of the rebuilding of the Jerusalem temple. He played a significant role in questioning the authority of the Jews to rebuild the temple.

2. Shethar-bozenai
An associate of Tattenai, involved in the administration of the region and in the inquiry about the temple reconstruction.

3. Region West of the Euphrates
This area, also known as "Beyond the River," was a significant administrative district in the Persian Empire, which included the land of Judah.

4. King Darius
The Persian king during whose reign the temple reconstruction was resumed. His response to the inquiry was crucial for the continuation of the work.

5. The Letter
A formal communication sent by Tattenai and his associates to King Darius, questioning the legitimacy of the temple reconstruction and seeking royal confirmation.

Teaching Points

God's Sovereignty in Governance
Despite political challenges, God uses rulers and officials to accomplish His purposes. Believers can trust in God's control over governmental authorities.

The Importance of Legal and Historical Precedent
The Jews relied on the decree of Cyrus as a legal basis for their actions. Understanding and utilizing historical and legal precedents can be important in advocating for religious freedoms.

Faithfulness Amidst Opposition
The Jews faced opposition but continued their work. Believers are encouraged to remain faithful to God's calling, even when facing external challenges.

The Role of Prophetic Encouragement
Prophets like Haggai and Zechariah played a crucial role in motivating the people. Spiritual encouragement from leaders and peers is vital in pursuing God's work.

Seeking Divine Guidance in Decision-Making
The inquiry to King Darius reflects a search for guidance. Believers should seek God's wisdom and guidance in their decisions, especially when facing uncertainty.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the role of Tattenai as a governor reflect the challenges believers might face from governmental authorities today?

2. In what ways can the decree of Cyrus be seen as a parallel to modern legal protections for religious practices?

3. How do the prophetic messages of Haggai and Zechariah inspire you to persevere in your own spiritual journey?

4. What can we learn from the Jews' response to opposition that can be applied to handling criticism or challenges in our faith today?

5. How does the account of the temple rebuilding in Ezra 5 encourage you to seek God's guidance in your personal or community projects?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Ezra 1
The decree of Cyrus, which initially allowed the Jews to return and rebuild the temple, provides the historical backdrop for the events in Ezra 5.

Haggai 1 and Zechariah 1
These prophetic books encourage the Jews to resume the temple rebuilding, which aligns with the events in Ezra 5 where the work is questioned but ultimately supported.

Daniel 6
The reign of Darius is also significant in the Book of Daniel, where Darius is portrayed as a ruler who respects the God of Daniel, providing a broader context for his potential favorable response to the Jews.