Ezekiel 4:5
For I have assigned to you 390 days, according to the number of years of their iniquity. So you shall bear the iniquity of the house of Israel.
For I have assigned to you 390 days
This phrase indicates a symbolic action commanded by God to the prophet Ezekiel. The 390 days represent a period of judgment corresponding to the years of Israel's iniquity. In biblical numerology, numbers often have symbolic meanings, and here, the number 390 is significant as it correlates to the years of sin and rebellion by the northern kingdom of Israel. This prophetic act serves as a visual representation of the duration of Israel's disobedience and the ensuing punishment. The use of days to symbolize years is a common prophetic device, seen also in Numbers 14:34 and Daniel 9:24-27.

according to the number of years of their iniquity
This phrase underscores the direct correlation between the duration of the symbolic act and the years of Israel's sin. The northern kingdom of Israel, distinct from Judah, had a history of idolatry and rebellion against God, beginning with Jeroboam's establishment of golden calves in Bethel and Dan (1 Kings 12:28-30). The phrase highlights the concept of divine justice, where the punishment is proportionate to the offense. This principle is echoed in other scriptures, such as Galatians 6:7, which states that a man reaps what he sows.

So you shall bear the iniquity of the house of Israel
Ezekiel's act of bearing the iniquity symbolizes the burden of sin carried by the prophet on behalf of the people. This act of bearing iniquity is a type of Christ, who ultimately bore the sins of humanity on the cross (Isaiah 53:4-6, 1 Peter 2:24). The phrase also reflects the role of a prophet as an intercessor and representative of the people before God. In the cultural context of ancient Israel, prophets often performed symbolic acts to convey God's message, making the abstract concept of sin and judgment tangible to the people.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Ezekiel
A prophet called by God to deliver His messages to the Israelites during their Babylonian exile. Known for his symbolic actions and visions.

2. House of Israel
Refers to the northern kingdom of Israel, which had fallen into idolatry and was eventually conquered by Assyria.

3. Babylonian Exile
The period when the Israelites were taken captive by Babylon, a significant event in Jewish history that serves as the backdrop for Ezekiel's prophecies.

4. 390 Days
Symbolic of the 390 years of iniquity that the house of Israel had committed, as represented by Ezekiel's symbolic act of lying on his side.

5. Iniquity
Refers to the sin and rebellion against God that led to Israel's downfall and exile.
Teaching Points
Symbolism in Prophecy
Ezekiel's actions serve as a visual representation of God's message. Consider how God uses various means to communicate His truth to us today.

The Weight of Sin
The 390 days symbolize the prolonged period of Israel's sin. Reflect on the seriousness of sin and its long-term consequences in our lives.

God's Justice and Mercy
While God judges sin, His ultimate goal is restoration. Contemplate how God's justice is always accompanied by His desire for repentance and reconciliation.

Personal Responsibility
Ezekiel's bearing of iniquity highlights the importance of personal responsibility in addressing sin. Evaluate areas in your life where you need to take responsibility and seek God's forgiveness.

Historical Context and Relevance
Understanding the historical context of biblical events enriches our comprehension of Scripture. Study the historical background of biblical passages to gain deeper insights.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does Ezekiel's symbolic act of lying on his side for 390 days help us understand the gravity of Israel's sin?

2. In what ways can we see the consequences of prolonged sin in our own lives or communities today?

3. How does the concept of bearing iniquity relate to the New Testament understanding of Jesus bearing our sins on the cross?

4. What lessons can we learn from the historical context of the Babylonian exile that apply to our spiritual journey?

5. How can we balance the understanding of God's justice with His mercy in our daily walk with Him?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Leviticus 26
Discusses the consequences of Israel's disobedience, including exile, which connects to the iniquity borne by Ezekiel.

2 Kings 17
Details the fall of the northern kingdom of Israel due to their persistent idolatry and sin, providing historical context for Ezekiel's symbolic act.

Jeremiah 25
Jeremiah's prophecy of the Babylonian captivity, which aligns with Ezekiel's message of judgment and restoration.
Symbolisms not Necessarily ActedA. B. Davidson, D. D.Ezekiel 4:1-8
The End ForetoldJohn Skinner, M. A.Ezekiel 4:1-8
The Ministry of SymbolismJ. Parker, D. D.Ezekiel 4:1-8
Vicarious SufferingJ.D. Davies Ezekiel 4:1-8
The Siege of Jerusalem and the Sufferings of the People SymbolizedW. Jones Ezekiel 4:1-17
People
Ezekiel
Places
Jerusalem
Topics
390, Assign, Assigned, Bear, Borne, Corresponding, Equal, Hast, Hundred, Iniquity, Laid, Measured, Ninety, Punishment, Sin, Thus
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Ezekiel 4:1-10

     4404   food

Ezekiel 4:1-17

     1431   prophecy, OT methods

Ezekiel 4:4-6

     6750   sin-bearer

Library
What the Ruler's Discrimination Should be Between Correction and Connivance, Between Fervour and Gentleness.
It should be known too that the vices of subjects ought sometimes to be prudently connived at, but indicated in that they are connived at; that things, even though openly known, ought sometimes to be seasonably tolerated, but sometimes, though hidden, be closely investigated; that they ought sometimes to be gently reproved, but sometimes vehemently censured. For, indeed, some things, as we have said, ought to be prudently connived at, but indicated in that they are connived at, so that, when the
Leo the Great—Writings of Leo the Great

Jesus Sets Out from Judæa for Galilee.
Subdivision B. At Jacob's Well, and at Sychar. ^D John IV. 5-42. ^d 5 So he cometh to a city of Samaria, called Sychar, near to the parcel of ground that Jacob gave to his son Joseph. 6 and Jacob's well was there. [Commentators long made the mistake of supposing that Shechem, now called Nablous, was the town here called Sychar. Sheckem lies a mile and a half west of Jacob's well, while the real Sychar, now called 'Askar, lies scarcely half a mile north of the well. It was a small town, loosely called
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

First Ministry in Judæa --John's Second Testimony.
(Judæa and Ænon.) ^D John III. 22-36. ^d 22 After these things came Jesus and his disciples into the land of Judæa [That is, he left Jerusalem, the capital of Judæa, and went into the rural districts thereof. We find him there again in John xi. and Luke xiii.-xviii. He gained disciples there, but of them we know but few, such as Mary, Martha, Lazarus, Simeon, and Judas Iscariot]; and there he tarried with them [It is not stated how long he tarried, but it may have been from
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Ezekiel
To a modern taste, Ezekiel does not appeal anything like so powerfully as Isaiah or Jeremiah. He has neither the majesty of the one nor the tenderness and passion of the other. There is much in him that is fantastic, and much that is ritualistic. His imaginations border sometimes on the grotesque and sometimes on the mechanical. Yet he is a historical figure of the first importance; it was very largely from him that Judaism received the ecclesiastical impulse by which for centuries it was powerfully
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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