Ezekiel 34:23
I will appoint over them one shepherd, My servant David, and he will feed them. He will feed them and be their shepherd.
I will appoint over them one shepherd
This phrase signifies God's intention to provide a singular, unified leadership for His people, contrasting with the multiple, often corrupt leaders of Israel's past. The concept of a "shepherd" is deeply rooted in the biblical tradition, symbolizing guidance, care, and protection. In ancient Near Eastern cultures, kings and leaders were often referred to as shepherds of their people, emphasizing their role in ensuring the well-being and safety of their subjects. This promise of one shepherd points to a future time of restoration and unity under a divinely appointed leader.

My servant David
The reference to "David" is not to King David himself, who had long since passed, but to a future leader from David's lineage. This is a messianic prophecy, indicating that the coming shepherd will embody the qualities of David, who was a man after God's own heart. The Davidic Covenant, found in 2 Samuel 7, promises that David's throne will be established forever, pointing to the Messiah, who Christians believe is fulfilled in Jesus Christ. This connection underscores the expectation of a righteous and eternal ruler.

and he will feed them
Feeding here is metaphorical, representing the provision of spiritual nourishment, guidance, and care. This imagery is consistent with the role of a shepherd who ensures that the flock has access to green pastures and still waters, as seen in Psalm 23. The shepherd's role is to lead the sheep to sustenance, ensuring their growth and health. This phrase emphasizes the nurturing aspect of the promised leader's reign, providing for the needs of the people.

He will feed them and be their shepherd
Reiterating the role of the shepherd, this phrase emphasizes the ongoing and active care that the leader will provide. The repetition underscores the certainty and importance of this promise. In the New Testament, Jesus identifies Himself as the Good Shepherd (John 10:11), fulfilling this prophecy by offering His life for the sheep and providing eternal life. This connection highlights the continuity of God's plan for His people, ensuring they are led and cared for by a faithful shepherd.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Ezekiel
A prophet during the Babylonian exile, Ezekiel conveyed God's messages to the Israelites, often using vivid imagery and symbolic actions.

2. Shepherd
Symbolically represents leadership and guidance. In this context, it refers to a divinely appointed leader who will care for and guide God's people.

3. David
Although King David had long passed, this reference is to a future leader from David's lineage, often interpreted as a Messianic prophecy pointing to Jesus Christ.

4. Israel
The nation of God's chosen people, who were in exile at the time of Ezekiel's prophecy, longing for restoration and divine leadership.

5. Babylonian Exile
The period when the Israelites were taken captive to Babylon, a time of judgment but also of hope for future restoration.
Teaching Points
The Promise of Divine Leadership
God promises to provide a leader who will truly care for His people, contrasting with the failed human leaders of Israel. This points to the ultimate fulfillment in Jesus Christ, the Good Shepherd.

The Role of a Shepherd
A shepherd's role is to guide, protect, and provide for the flock. As believers, we are called to follow Christ, our Shepherd, and to emulate His care and guidance in our own leadership roles.

Hope in Times of Exile
Just as the Israelites were given hope during their exile, we too can find hope in God's promises during our own times of trial and uncertainty.

Messianic Fulfillment
The prophecy of a shepherd from David's line is fulfilled in Jesus, affirming the reliability of God's promises and the continuity of His redemptive plan.

Spiritual Nourishment
The shepherd feeds the flock, symbolizing spiritual nourishment. We are encouraged to seek sustenance in God's Word and through a relationship with Christ.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the imagery of a shepherd in Ezekiel 34:23 enhance our understanding of God's care for His people?

2. In what ways does Jesus fulfill the role of the shepherd prophesied in Ezekiel 34:23, and how does this impact our faith?

3. Reflect on a time when you felt like you were in "exile." How did God's promises provide hope and guidance during that period?

4. How can we, as followers of Christ, emulate the qualities of a good shepherd in our relationships and communities?

5. What are some practical ways we can seek spiritual nourishment in our daily lives, and how does this connect to the role of the shepherd in Ezekiel 34:23?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Psalm 23
This Psalm portrays the Lord as a shepherd, providing a comforting image of God's care and guidance, similar to the promise in Ezekiel 34:23.

John 10:11
Jesus refers to Himself as the "Good Shepherd," directly connecting to the prophecy of a shepherd from David's line who will lead and care for God's people.

Jeremiah 23:5-6
This passage also speaks of a righteous branch from David's line, reinforcing the Messianic expectation of a leader who will bring justice and righteousness.
The Davidic RulerA. B. Davidson, D. D.Ezekiel 34:23
A Pastor and a PrinceJ.R. Thomson Ezekiel 34:23, 24
One Greater than DavidW. Clarkson Ezekiel 34:23, 24
The Golden Age of PeaceJ.D. Davies Ezekiel 34:23-31
People
David, Ezekiel
Places
Jerusalem
Topics
David, Fed, Feed, Keeper, Raised, Servant, Shepherd, Tend
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Ezekiel 34:23

     1651   numbers, 1-2
     2330   Christ, as shepherd
     7786   shepherd, king and leader

Ezekiel 34:7-24

     7130   flock, God's

Ezekiel 34:11-24

     1220   God, as shepherd

Ezekiel 34:23-24

     2078   Christ, sonship of
     2215   Christ, Son of David
     2327   Christ, as servant
     5089   David, significance
     5366   king
     5370   kingship, human
     8344   servanthood, in believers

Ezekiel 34:23-25

     1351   covenant, with David

Library
The Church of Christ
This, then, is the meaning of the text; that God would make Jerusalem and the places round about his hill a blessing. I shall not, however, use it so this morning, but I shall use it in a more confined sense--or, perhaps, in a more enlarged sense--as it applies to the church of Jesus Christ, and to this particular church with which you and I stand connected. "I will make them and the places round about my hill a blessing; and I will cause the shower to come down in his season; there shall be showers
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 1: 1855

That None Should Enter on a Place of Government who Practise not in Life what they have Learnt by Study.
There are some also who investigate spiritual precepts with cunning care, but what they penetrate with their understanding they trample on in their lives: all at once they teach the things which not by practice but by study they have learnt; and what in words they preach by their manners they impugn. Whence it comes to pass that when the shepherd walks through steep places, the flock follows to the precipice. Hence it is that the Lord through the prophet complains of the contemptible knowledge
Leo the Great—Writings of Leo the Great

Discourse on the Good Shepherd.
(Jerusalem, December, a.d. 29.) ^D John X. 1-21. ^d 1 Verily, verily, I say to you [unto the parties whom he was addressing in the last section], He that entereth not by the door into the fold of the sheep, but climbeth up some other way, the same is a thief and a robber. [In this section Jesus proceeds to contrast his own care for humanity with that manifested by the Pharisees, who had just cast out the beggar. Old Testament prophecies were full of declarations that false shepherds would arise to
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

The Good Shepherd' and his one Flock' - Last Discourse at the Feast of Tabernacles.
The closing words which Jesus had spoken to those Pharisees who followed HIm breathe the sadness of expected near judgment, rather than the hopefulness of expostulation. And the Discourse which followed, ere He once more left Jerusalem, is of the same character. It seems, as if Jesus could not part from the City in holy anger, but ever, and only, with tears. All the topics of the former Discourses are now resumed and applied. They are not in any way softened or modified, but uttered in accents of
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

The Everlasting Covenant of the Spirit
"They shall be My people, and l will be their God. And I will make an everlasting covenant with them, that I will not turn away from them, to do them good; but I will put My fear in their hearts, that they shall not depart from Me."--JER. xxxii. 38, 40. "A new heart also will I give you, and a new spirit will I put within you: and I will take the stony heart out of your flesh, and I will give you an heart of flesh. And I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in My statutes, and ye
Andrew Murray—The Two Covenants

How to Make Use of Christ as the Life when the Soul is Dead as to Duty.
Sometimes the believer will be under such a distemper, as that he will be as unfit and unable for discharging of any commanded duty, as dead men, or one in a swoon, is to work or go a journey. And it were good to know how Christ should be made use of as the Life, to the end the diseased soul may be delivered from this. For this cause we shall consider those four things: 1. See what are the several steps and degrees of this distemper. 2. Consider whence it cometh, or what are the causes or occasions
John Brown (of Wamphray)—Christ The Way, The Truth, and The Life

The Shepherd of Our Souls.
"I am the good Shepherd: the good Shepherd giveth His life for the sheep."--John x. 11. Our Lord here appropriates to Himself the title under which He had been foretold by the Prophets. "David My servant shall be king over them," says Almighty God by the mouth of Ezekiel: "and they all shall have one Shepherd." And in the book of Zechariah, "Awake, O sword, against My Shepherd, and against the man that is My fellow, saith the Lord of Hosts; smite the Shepherd, and the sheep shall be scattered."
John Henry Newman—Parochial and Plain Sermons, Vol. VIII

Covenanting Predicted in Prophecy.
The fact of Covenanting, under the Old Testament dispensations, being approved of God, gives a proof that it was proper then, which is accompanied by the voice of prophecy, affording evidence that even in periods then future it should no less be proper. The argument for the service that is afforded by prophecy is peculiar, and, though corresponding with evidence from other sources, is independent. Because that God willed to make known truth through his servants the prophets, we should receive it
John Cunningham—The Ordinance of Covenanting

The Extent of Messiah's Spiritual Kingdom
The kingdoms of this world are become the kingdoms of our Lord, and of His Christ, and He shall reign for ever and ever! T he Kingdom of our Lord in the heart, and in the world, is frequently compared to a building or house, of which He Himself is both the Foundation and the Architect (Isaiah 28:16 and 54:11, 12) . A building advances by degrees (I Corinthians 3:9; Ephesians 2:20-22) , and while it is in an unfinished state, a stranger cannot, by viewing its present appearance, form an accurate judgment
John Newton—Messiah Vol. 2

The Eighth Commandment
Thou shalt not steal.' Exod 20: 15. AS the holiness of God sets him against uncleanness, in the command Thou shalt not commit adultery;' so the justice of God sets him against rapine and robbery, in the command, Thou shalt not steal.' The thing forbidden in this commandment, is meddling with another man's property. The civil lawyers define furtum, stealth or theft to be the laying hands unjustly on that which is another's;' the invading another's right. I. The causes of theft. [1] The internal causes
Thomas Watson—The Ten Commandments

That the Ruler Should Be, through Humility, a Companion of Good Livers, But, through the Zeal of Righteousness, Rigid against the vices of Evildoers.
The ruler should be, through humility, a companion of good livers, and, through the zeal of righteousness, rigid against the vices of evil-doers; so that in nothing he prefer himself to the good, and yet, when the fault of the bad requires it, he be at once conscious of the power of his priority; to the end that, while among his subordinates who live well he waives his rank and accounts them as his equals, he may not fear to execute the laws of rectitude towards the perverse. For, as I remember to
Leo the Great—Writings of Leo the Great

Covenanting Provided for in the Everlasting Covenant.
The duty of Covenanting is founded on the law of nature; but it also stands among the arrangements of Divine mercy made from everlasting. The promulgation of the law, enjoining it on man in innocence as a duty, was due to God's necessary dominion over the creatures of his power. The revelation of it as a service obligatory on men in a state of sin, arose from his unmerited grace. In the one display, we contemplate the authority of the righteous moral Governor of the universe; in the other, we see
John Cunningham—The Ordinance of Covenanting

Jesus Makes his First Disciples.
(Bethany Beyond Jordan, Spring a.d. 27.) ^D John I. 35-51. ^d 35 Again on the morrow [John's direct testimony bore fruit on the second day] John was standing, and two of his disciples [An audience of two. A small field; but a large harvest]; 36 and he looked [Gazed intently. The word is used at Mark xiv. 67; Luke xxii. 61 Mark x. 21, 27. John looked searchingly at that face, which, so far as any record shows, he was never to see on earth again. The more intently we look upon Jesus, the more powerfully
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Second Great Group of Parables.
(Probably in Peræa.) Subdivision B. Parable of the Lost Sheep. ^C Luke XV. 3-7. ^c 3 And he spake unto them this parable [Jesus had spoken this parable before. See pp. 434, 435.] saying, 4 What man of you [man is emphatic; it is made so to convey the meaning that if man would so act, how much more would God so act], having an hundred sheep [a large flock], and having lost one of them, doth not leave the ninety and nine in the wilderness [the place of pasture, and hence the proper place to leave
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Ezekiel
To a modern taste, Ezekiel does not appeal anything like so powerfully as Isaiah or Jeremiah. He has neither the majesty of the one nor the tenderness and passion of the other. There is much in him that is fantastic, and much that is ritualistic. His imaginations border sometimes on the grotesque and sometimes on the mechanical. Yet he is a historical figure of the first importance; it was very largely from him that Judaism received the ecclesiastical impulse by which for centuries it was powerfully
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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