Exodus 8:18
The magicians tried to produce gnats using their magic arts, but they could not. And the gnats remained on man and beast.
The magicians tried to produce gnats using their magic arts
In the context of the plagues of Egypt, the magicians represent the spiritual and occult practices prevalent in ancient Egypt. These magicians had previously replicated some of the earlier signs, such as turning staffs into serpents and water into blood, using their secret arts. This phrase highlights the limitations of human and demonic power when confronted with the divine power of God. The inability of the magicians to replicate this plague signifies a turning point, demonstrating that the power of God surpasses all earthly and spiritual forces. This event foreshadows the ultimate defeat of evil powers, as seen in the New Testament, where Jesus Christ triumphs over sin and death.

but they could not
This phrase emphasizes the sovereignty and supremacy of God over all creation. The magicians' failure to produce gnats marks the first time they are unable to mimic a plague, indicating that God's power is unmatched. This inability serves as a testament to the authenticity of Moses and Aaron as God's chosen messengers. It also prefigures the ultimate victory of God over false gods and idols, as seen throughout the Bible, including the defeat of Baal's prophets by Elijah in 1 Kings 18. The phrase underscores the futility of relying on human wisdom and power in opposition to God's will.

And the gnats remained on man and beast
The presence of gnats on both humans and animals signifies the pervasive nature of this plague, affecting all aspects of Egyptian life. This infestation would have caused significant discomfort and disruption, highlighting the severity of God's judgment. The mention of both man and beast reflects the comprehensive impact of sin and the need for divine intervention. This phrase can be seen as a type of the pervasive nature of sin, which affects all of creation, and the need for redemption through Jesus Christ, who restores and reconciles all things to God. The gnats' persistence serves as a reminder of the consequences of hardening one's heart against God's commands, as Pharaoh did.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Moses
The prophet and leader chosen by God to deliver the Israelites from Egyptian bondage. He is the central human figure in the Exodus account.

2. Pharaoh
The ruler of Egypt who stubbornly refuses to let the Israelites go, despite the plagues sent by God.

3. Magicians of Egypt
These are the wise men and sorcerers who serve Pharaoh, attempting to replicate the miracles performed by Moses and Aaron through their secret arts.

4. Gnats
The third plague sent by God upon Egypt. The Hebrew word for gnats, (kinim), can also be translated as lice or mosquitoes, indicating a small, irritating insect.

5. Egypt
The land where the Israelites are enslaved and where God demonstrates His power through the plagues.
Teaching Points
The Limitations of Human Power
The magicians' inability to replicate the plague of gnats underscores the limitations of human power and wisdom compared to God's omnipotence.

God's Sovereignty Over Creation
The plague of gnats demonstrates God's control over all creation, emphasizing that even the smallest creatures are under His command.

The Futility of Opposing God
Pharaoh's magicians serve as a reminder that opposing God's will is ultimately futile. God's purposes will prevail despite human resistance.

The Call to Recognize God's Authority
This passage challenges believers to recognize and submit to God's authority in their lives, trusting in His power and wisdom.

The Importance of Faithfulness
Moses and Aaron's faithfulness in delivering God's message, despite opposition, serves as an example for believers to remain steadfast in their faith.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the inability of the magicians to replicate the plague of gnats highlight the difference between God's power and human abilities?

2. In what ways does the plague of gnats demonstrate God's sovereignty over creation, and how can this understanding impact our daily lives?

3. Reflect on a time when you resisted God's will. What were the consequences, and how did you eventually submit to His authority?

4. How can the example of Moses and Aaron's faithfulness in the face of opposition encourage you in your own walk with God?

5. Consider the broader account of the plagues in Exodus. How do these events foreshadow the ultimate deliverance found in Jesus Christ?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Exodus 7:11-12
The magicians initially replicate the miracles of Moses and Aaron, such as turning staffs into serpents, but their power is limited compared to God's.

2 Timothy 3:8-9
Paul references the magicians Jannes and Jambres, who opposed Moses, highlighting the futility of resisting God's truth.

Psalm 78:45
This psalm recounts the plagues, including the gnats, as a demonstration of God's power and judgment against Egypt.
Three Plagues - Frogs, Lice, FliesJ. Orr Exodus 8:1-32
Dangerous DustSpurgeon, Charles HaddonExodus 8:16-19
LessonsG. Hughes, B. D.Exodus 8:16-19
The Limit of False ReligionG. F. Pentecost, D. D.Exodus 8:16-19
The Plague of LiceHomilistExodus 8:16-19
The Plague of LiceJ. S. Exell, M. A.Exodus 8:16-19
The Plague of LiceJ. Orr Exodus 8:16-19
The Third Plague - the Gnats: the Finger of GodD. Young Exodus 8:16-19
There is a Limit to the Divine MercyJ. Urquhart Exodus 8:16-19
People
Aaron, Egyptians, Moses, Pharaoh
Places
Egypt, Goshen, Nile River
Topics
Able, Animal, Animals, Arts, Attempting, Beast, Bring, Couldn't, Enchantments, Flashings, Forth, Gnats, Inchantments, Insects, Lice, Magicians, Produce, Scribes, Secret, Sorceries, Tried, Unable, Wonder-workers
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Exodus 8:18

     5941   secrecy

Exodus 8:16-18

     4660   insects

Exodus 8:16-19

     4185   sorcery and magic

Library
Mary, Future Mother of Jesus, visits Elisabeth, Future Mother of John the Baptist.
(in the Hill Country of Judæa, b.c. 5.) ^C Luke I. 39-56. ^c 39 And Mary arose in these days [within a week or two after the angel appeared to her] and went into the hill country [the district of Judah lying south of Jerusalem, of which the city of Hebron was the center] with haste [she fled to those whom God had inspired, so that they could understand her condition and know her innocence--to those who were as Joseph needed to be inspired, that he might understand--Matt. i. 18-25], into a city
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Blasphemous Accusations of the Jews.
(Galilee.) ^A Matt. XII. 22-37; ^B Mark III. 19-30; ^C Luke XI. 14-23. ^b 19 And he cometh into a house. [Whose house is not stated.] 20 And the multitude cometh together again [as on a previous occasion--Mark ii. 1], so that they could not so much as eat bread. [They could not sit down to a regular meal. A wonderful picture of the intense importunity of people and the corresponding eagerness of Jesus, who was as willing to do as they were to have done.] 21 And when his friends heard it, they went
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

He Does Battle for the Faith; He Restores Peace among those who were at Variance; He Takes in Hand to Build a Stone Church.
57. (32). There was a certain clerk in Lismore whose life, as it is said, was good, but his faith not so. He was a man of some knowledge in his own eyes, and dared to say that in the Eucharist there is only a sacrament and not the fact[718] of the sacrament, that is, mere sanctification and not the truth of the Body. On this subject he was often addressed by Malachy in secret, but in vain; and finally he was called before a public assembly, the laity however being excluded, in order that if it were
H. J. Lawlor—St. Bernard of Clairvaux's Life of St. Malachy of Armagh

Exodus
The book of Exodus--so named in the Greek version from the march of Israel out of Egypt--opens upon a scene of oppression very different from the prosperity and triumph in which Genesis had closed. Israel is being cruelly crushed by the new dynasty which has arisen in Egypt (i.) and the story of the book is the story of her redemption. Ultimately it is Israel's God that is her redeemer, but He operates largely by human means; and the first step is the preparation of a deliverer, Moses, whose parentage,
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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