Exodus 39:9

It was square when folded over double, a span long and a span wide.

Study Bible

It was square
The description of the breastpiece being "square" is significant in its symbolism and function. The Hebrew word for square, "רָבוּעַ" (ravu'a), implies completeness and stability. In the ancient Near Eastern context, a square shape often represented perfection and balance. The square shape of the breastpiece, which held the Urim and Thummim, symbolizes the perfection and justice of God's decisions, as the high priest would use it to discern God's will for the Israelites.

when folded over
The phrase "when folded over" indicates the construction of the breastpiece, which was made by folding a piece of fabric to create a pouch. This design was not only practical, allowing the breastpiece to hold the Urim and Thummim securely, but also symbolic. The act of folding can be seen as a metaphor for the hidden and mysterious nature of God's guidance, which is revealed through the high priest's mediation. The Hebrew root "כָּפַל" (kafal) suggests doubling or duplicity, emphasizing the layered complexity of divine wisdom.

a span long and a span wide
The measurement "a span long and a span wide" refers to the dimensions of the breastpiece, with a span being the distance from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the little finger when the hand is fully extended, approximately 9 inches or 23 centimeters. This specific measurement ensured that the breastpiece was both functional and symbolic. The span, "זֶרֶת" (zeret) in Hebrew, is a personal and intimate measurement, reflecting the personal relationship between God and His people. The uniformity in length and width underscores the theme of balance and equality, reminding the Israelites of God's impartial justice and the equal representation of the twelve tribes on the breastpiece.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Bezalel and Oholiab
Skilled craftsmen appointed by God to oversee the construction of the Tabernacle and its furnishings, including the priestly garments.

2. The Tabernacle
The portable dwelling place for the presence of God among the Israelites during their journey through the wilderness.

3. The Breastpiece
A sacred garment worn by the High Priest, made of gold, blue, purple, and scarlet yarn, and fine linen, folded to form a square.

4. The High Priest
The chief religious leader of the Israelites, who wore the breastpiece as part of his ceremonial attire.

5. The Israelites
The chosen people of God, for whom the Tabernacle and its furnishings were constructed as a means of worship and communion with God.

Teaching Points

Symbolism of the Breastpiece
The breastpiece represents the High Priest's role in bearing the names of the tribes of Israel before God, symbolizing intercession and remembrance.

Precision and Obedience
The specific measurements and materials used in the breastpiece highlight the importance of following God's instructions with precision and obedience.

God's Presence and Guidance
The breastpiece, part of the High Priest's attire, signifies God's presence and guidance, reminding us of the importance of seeking God's direction in our lives.

Intercession and Prayer
Just as the High Priest interceded for the Israelites, we are called to intercede for others in prayer, bringing their needs before God.

Christ as Our High Priest
The breastpiece foreshadows Christ's role as our High Priest, who continually intercedes for us, offering us access to God's presence.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the construction of the breastpiece reflect the importance of following God's specific instructions in our own lives?

2. In what ways does the role of the High Priest in the Old Testament point to the work of Jesus as our Great High Priest?

3. How can we incorporate the practice of intercession into our daily prayer life, following the example of the High Priest?

4. What does the symbolism of the breastpiece teach us about the importance of remembering and praying for others in our community?

5. How can we seek God's presence and guidance in our lives, as symbolized by the High Priest's attire and role?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 28:15-30
Provides detailed instructions for making the breastpiece, emphasizing its significance and the materials used.

Leviticus 8:8
Describes the consecration of Aaron and his sons, where the breastpiece is placed on Aaron, signifying his role as High Priest.

Hebrews 4:14-16
Connects the role of the High Priest in the Old Testament to Jesus as our Great High Priest, who intercedes for us.