Exodus 2:20
"So where is he?" their father asked. "Why did you leave the man behind? Invite him to have something to eat."
So where is he?
This phrase reflects a sense of urgency and curiosity. In the context of Exodus 2:20, Reuel (also known as Jethro), the priest of Midian, is inquiring about Moses, who had helped his daughters at the well. The Hebrew root for "where" is "אֵי" (ay), which often denotes a search or a quest for understanding. This question signifies the importance of hospitality and the cultural expectation to show gratitude and kindness to strangers, a theme prevalent throughout the Old Testament.

Reuel asked his daughters
Reuel, also known as Jethro, is a significant figure in the narrative of Moses. His name in Hebrew, "רְעוּאֵל" (Re'u'el), means "friend of God," indicating his righteous character. As a priest of Midian, Reuel represents a non-Israelite who acknowledges the God of Israel, highlighting the inclusivity of God's plan. His inquiry to his daughters shows his wisdom and leadership, ensuring that proper hospitality is extended to Moses.

Why did you leave the man behind?
This question underscores the cultural and moral obligation of hospitality in ancient Near Eastern societies. The Hebrew culture, as well as many others in the region, placed a high value on welcoming and caring for strangers. Reuel's question suggests a missed opportunity to extend kindness and possibly form an alliance or friendship. It reflects the biblical principle of loving one's neighbor and the importance of community and support.

Invite him to have something to eat
The act of sharing a meal is a powerful symbol of fellowship and acceptance in biblical times. In Hebrew culture, eating together was more than just a physical necessity; it was a sign of peace, friendship, and covenant. The invitation to eat signifies a gesture of goodwill and the beginning of a relationship. This act of hospitality foreshadows the significant role Reuel and his family will play in Moses' life, providing him with refuge and support during his time in Midian.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Moses
At this point in the account, Moses has fled Egypt after killing an Egyptian and has arrived in Midian. He is resting by a well when he encounters the daughters of Reuel.

2. Reuel (Jethro)
The priest of Midian and father of the daughters who Moses helps. He is also known as Jethro and later becomes Moses' father-in-law.

3. Daughters of Reuel
They are shepherdesses who come to draw water for their father's flock. Moses assists them by driving away other shepherds who were harassing them.

4. Midian
A region where Moses finds refuge after fleeing Egypt. It is significant as a place of transition and preparation for Moses.

5. The Well
A common meeting place in ancient times, often a setting for significant encounters and events in biblical accounts.
Teaching Points
Hospitality and Kindness
Reuel's invitation to Moses to share a meal demonstrates the biblical value of hospitality. As Christians, we are called to extend kindness and welcome to strangers, reflecting God's love.

Divine Appointments
The encounter at the well was not by chance. God orchestrates meetings and events in our lives for His purposes. We should be attentive to how God might be working in our everyday interactions.

Preparation for Purpose
Moses' time in Midian was a period of preparation. God often uses seasons of waiting and obscurity to prepare us for future tasks. Trust in God's timing and process.

Family and Community Support
Reuel's acceptance of Moses into his family highlights the importance of community and support systems. We should seek to build and be part of communities that nurture and support one another.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does Reuel's response to Moses' actions reflect the biblical principle of hospitality, and how can we apply this in our own lives today?

2. In what ways does the account of Moses at the well in Midian parallel other biblical accounts involving wells, and what can we learn from these parallels?

3. How does Moses' time in Midian prepare him for his future role as a leader, and what does this teach us about the seasons of preparation in our own lives?

4. What role does community play in Moses' life during his time in Midian, and how can we cultivate supportive communities in our own faith journeys?

5. Reflect on a time when a seemingly ordinary encounter turned out to be a divine appointment. How can we become more aware of God's hand in our daily interactions?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Genesis 24
The account of Rebekah meeting Abraham's servant at a well, which parallels Moses' encounter with Reuel's daughters, highlighting divine providence and the importance of wells as meeting places.

Exodus 18
Later interactions between Moses and Jethro, where Jethro provides wise counsel to Moses, showing the ongoing relationship and influence Jethro has in Moses' life.

Acts 7:29
Stephen's speech references Moses' flight to Midian, providing a New Testament perspective on Moses' time in Midian as part of God's preparation for his leadership.
Moses and ChristJ. Orr Exodus 2:1-25
Moses in MidianD. Young Exodus 2:15-22
The Long ExileJ. Orr Exodus 2:15-23
A Contented ResidentJ. S. Exell, M. A.Exodus 2:16-22
A Friend of the Oppressed CommendedWesleyan S. S. MagazineExodus 2:16-22
A Large FamilyJ. S. Exell, M. A.Exodus 2:16-22
A New Training SchoolJ. H. Kurtz, D. D.Exodus 2:16-22
A Pilgrim Life the Best for PreachersJ. S. Exell, M. A.Exodus 2:16-22
Alone with GodC. H. Mackintosh.Exodus 2:16-22
An Extended VisitExodus 2:16-22
Discipline Needed After FaithJ. J. Van Oosterzee, D. D.Exodus 2:16-22
Domestic ToilJ. S. Exell, M. A.Exodus 2:16-22
Moses' Domestic Life in MidianJ. H. Kurtz, D. D.Exodus 2:16-22
Moses in MidianR. A. Hallam, D. D.Exodus 2:16-22
Solitary DisciplineWilliam M. Taylor, D. D.Exodus 2:16-22
The Reward of a Kindly ActionJ. S. Exell, M. A.Exodus 2:16-22
Two Classes of Men are Typified by the Conduct of These ShepherdsJ. S. Exell, M. A.Exodus 2:16-22
Why is it that Ye have Left the Man?J. S. Exell, M. A.Exodus 2:16-22
Zipporah. -- Character of ZipporahJ. H. Kurtz, D. D.Exodus 2:16-22
People
Gershom, Isaac, Israelites, Jacob, Levi, Moses, Pharaoh, Reuel, Zipporah
Places
Egypt, Midian, Nile River
Topics
Behind, Bread, Daughters, Eat, Invite, Leave, Meal
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Exodus 2:20

     5355   invitations
     8447   hospitality, examples

Exodus 2:18-20

     4438   eating

Library
The Ark among the Flags
'And there went a man of the house of Levi, and took to wife a daughter of Levi. 2. And the woman conceived, and bare a son: and when she saw him that he was a goodly child, she hid him three months. 3. And when she could not longer hide him, she took for him an ark of bulrushes, and daubed it with slime and with pitch, and put the child therein; and she laid it in the flags by the river's brink. 4. And his sister stood afar off, to wit what would be done to him. 5. And the daughter of Pharaoh came
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Home as a Stewardship.
"Take this child away, and nurse it for me, and I will give thee thy wages."--EXODUS II., 9. "For look, how many souls in thy house be, With just as many souls God trusteth thee!" The Christian home is a stewardship. The parents are stewards of God. A steward is a servant of a particular kind, to whom the master commits a certain portion of his interest to be prosecuted in his name and by his authority, and according to his laws and regulations. The steward must act according to the will of his
Samuel Philips—The Christian Home

The Upbringing of Jewish Children
The tenderness of the bond which united Jewish parents to their children appears even in the multiplicity and pictorialness of the expressions by which the various stages of child-life are designated in the Hebrew. Besides such general words as "ben" and "bath"--"son" and "daughter"--we find no fewer than nine different terms, each depicting a fresh stage of life. The first of these simply designates the babe as the newly--"born"--the "jeled," or, in the feminine, "jaldah"--as in Exodus 2:3, 6, 8.
Alfred Edersheim—Sketches of Jewish Social Life

The Secret of Its Greatness
[Illustration: (drop cap G) The Great Pyramid] God always chooses the right kind of people to do His work. Not only so, He always gives to those whom He chooses just the sort of life which will best prepare them for the work He will one day call them to do. That is why God put it into the heart of Pharaoh's daughter to bring up Moses as her own son in the Egyptian palace. The most important part of Moses' training was that his heart should be right with God, and therefore he was allowed to remain
Mildred Duff—The Bible in its Making

Motives to Holy Mourning
Let me exhort Christians to holy mourning. I now persuade to such a mourning as will prepare the soul for blessedness. Oh that our hearts were spiritual limbecs, distilling the water of holy tears! Christ's doves weep. They that escape shall be like doves of the valleys, all of them mourning, every one for his iniquity' (Ezekiel 7:16). There are several divine motives to holy mourning: 1 Tears cannot be put to a better use. If you weep for outward losses, you lose your tears. It is like a shower
Thomas Watson—The Beatitudes: An Exposition of Matthew 5:1-12

The Faith of Moses.
"By faith Moses, when he was born, was hid three months by his parents, because they saw he was a goodly child; and they were not afraid of the king's commandment. By faith Moses, when he was grown up, refused to be called the son of Pharaoh's daughter; choosing rather to be evil entreated with the people of God, than to enjoy the pleasures of sin for a season; accounting the reproach of Christ greater riches than the treasures of Egypt: for he looked unto the recompense of reward. By faith he forsook
Thomas Charles Edwards—The Expositor's Bible: The Epistle to the Hebrews

Jesus Sets Out from Judæa for Galilee.
Subdivision B. At Jacob's Well, and at Sychar. ^D John IV. 5-42. ^d 5 So he cometh to a city of Samaria, called Sychar, near to the parcel of ground that Jacob gave to his son Joseph. 6 and Jacob's well was there. [Commentators long made the mistake of supposing that Shechem, now called Nablous, was the town here called Sychar. Sheckem lies a mile and a half west of Jacob's well, while the real Sychar, now called 'Askar, lies scarcely half a mile north of the well. It was a small town, loosely called
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Consolations against Impatience in Sickness.
If in thy sickness by extremity of pain thou be driven to impatience, meditate-- 1. That thy sins have deserved the pains of hell; therefore thou mayest with greater patience endure these fatherly corrections. 2. That these are the scourges of thy heavenly Father, and the rod is in his hand. If thou didst suffer with reverence, being a child, the corrections of thy earthly parents, how much rather shouldst thou now subject thyself, being the child of God, to the chastisement of thy heavenly Father,
Lewis Bayly—The Practice of Piety

Man's Misery by the Fall
Q-19: WHAT IS THE MISERY OF THAT ESTATE WHEREINTO MAN FELL? A: All mankind by their fall lost communion with God, are under his wrath and curse, and so made liable to all the miseries in this life, to death itself, and to the pains of hell for ever. 'And were by nature children of wrath.' Eph 2:2. Adam left an unhappy portion to his posterity, Sin and Misery. Having considered the first of these, original sin, we shall now advert to the misery of that state. In the first, we have seen mankind offending;
Thomas Watson—A Body of Divinity

Genealogy According to Luke.
^C Luke III. 23-38. ^c 23 And Jesus himself [Luke has been speaking about John the Baptist, he now turns to speak of Jesus himself], when he began to teach, was about thirty years of age [the age when a Levite entered upon God's service--Num. iv. 46, 47], being the son (as was supposed) of Joseph, the son [this may mean that Jesus was grandson of Heli, or that Joseph was counted as a son of Heli because he was his son-in-law] of Heli, 24 the son of Matthat, the son of Levi, the son of Melchi, the
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Adoption
'As many as received him to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name.' John 1:12. Having spoken of the great points of faith and justification, we come next to adoption. The qualification of the persons is, As many as received him.' Receiving is put for believing, as is clear by the last words, to them that believe in his name.' The specification of the privilege is, to them gave he power to become the sons of God.' The Greek word for power, exousia, signifies
Thomas Watson—A Body of Divinity

Appendix xii. The Baptism of Proselytes
ONLY those who have made study of it can have any idea how large, and sometimes bewildering, is the literature on the subject of Jewish Proselytes and their Baptism. Our present remarks will be confined to the Baptism of Proselytes. 1. Generally, as regards proselytes (Gerim) we have to distinguish between the Ger ha-Shaar (proselyte of the gate) and Ger Toshabh (sojourner,' settled among Israel), and again the Ger hatstsedeq (proselyte of righteousness) and Ger habberith (proselyte of the covenant).
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

Appendix ii. Philo of Alexandria and Rabbinic Theology.
(Ad. vol. i. p. 42, note 4.) In comparing the allegorical Canons of Philo with those of Jewish traditionalism, we think first of all of the seven exegetical canons which are ascribed to Hillel. These bear chiefly the character of logical deductions, and as such were largely applied in the Halakhah. These seven canons were next expanded by R. Ishmael (in the first century) into thirteen, by the analysis of one of them (the 5th) into six, and the addition of this sound exegetical rule, that where two
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

John the Baptist's Person and Preaching.
(in the Wilderness of Judæa, and on the Banks of the Jordan, Occupying Several Months, Probably a.d. 25 or 26.) ^A Matt. III. 1-12; ^B Mark I. 1-8; ^C Luke III. 1-18. ^b 1 The beginning of the gospel [John begins his Gospel from eternity, where the Word is found coexistent with God. Matthew begins with Jesus, the humanly generated son of Abraham and David, born in the days of Herod the king. Luke begins with the birth of John the Baptist, the Messiah's herald; and Mark begins with the ministry
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Exodus
The book of Exodus--so named in the Greek version from the march of Israel out of Egypt--opens upon a scene of oppression very different from the prosperity and triumph in which Genesis had closed. Israel is being cruelly crushed by the new dynasty which has arisen in Egypt (i.) and the story of the book is the story of her redemption. Ultimately it is Israel's God that is her redeemer, but He operates largely by human means; and the first step is the preparation of a deliverer, Moses, whose parentage,
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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