Acts 6:9

But resistance arose from what was called the Synagogue of the Freedmen, including Cyrenians, Alexandrians, and men from the provinces of Cilicia and Asia. They began to argue with Stephen,

Study Bible

But resistance arose
The phrase "resistance arose" indicates a significant opposition that emerged against Stephen. The Greek word for "resistance" here is "ἀντίστασις" (antistasis), which implies a standing against or opposition. This resistance is not merely passive but active and confrontational. Historically, this reflects the growing tension between the early Christian movement and certain Jewish groups who felt threatened by the new teachings that challenged traditional beliefs and practices.

from what was called the Synagogue of the Freedmen
The "Synagogue of the Freedmen" refers to a specific group within the Jewish community. The term "Freedmen" (Greek: "Λιβερτίνων," Libertinon) suggests that these were Jews who had been slaves but were now free. This synagogue likely consisted of Hellenistic Jews, those who had adopted Greek language and culture. The existence of such a synagogue highlights the diversity within Judaism at the time, with various groups having their own places of worship and community.

(including Cyrenians, Alexandrians, and people from Cilicia and Asia)
This phrase lists the geographical origins of the members of the Synagogue of the Freedmen. "Cyrenians" were from Cyrene, a city in North Africa, which had a significant Jewish population. "Alexandrians" were from Alexandria in Egypt, another major center of Hellenistic Judaism. "Cilicia" and "Asia" refer to regions in modern-day Turkey. The mention of these places underscores the widespread dispersion of Jews throughout the Roman Empire and the diverse backgrounds of those who opposed Stephen. It also suggests that the message of Christianity was reaching a broad audience, which was both a strength and a source of conflict.

They began to argue with Stephen
The act of arguing with Stephen indicates a formal debate or dispute. The Greek word used here is "συζητεῖν" (syzetein), which means to discuss or dispute. This was a common practice in Jewish synagogues, where theological and scriptural debates were encouraged. Stephen, full of wisdom and the Holy Spirit, was a formidable opponent in such debates. This confrontation highlights the early church's commitment to engaging with differing beliefs and the challenges they faced in spreading the Gospel. Stephen's role as a deacon and his ability to articulate the Christian faith in the face of opposition serve as an inspiration for believers to stand firm in their convictions and to be prepared to defend their faith with grace and truth.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Stephen
A man full of faith and the Holy Spirit, chosen as one of the seven deacons to serve the early church. He is known for his wisdom and powerful testimony about Jesus Christ.

2. Synagogue of the Freedmen
A group of Jewish individuals, likely descendants of Jewish slaves who had been freed. This synagogue included people from various regions, indicating a diverse background.

3. Cyrenians
Jews from Cyrene, a city in North Africa. They were part of the diaspora and had their own synagogue in Jerusalem.

4. Alexandrians
Jews from Alexandria, a major city in Egypt known for its large Jewish population and significant cultural influence.

5. Cilicia and Asia
Regions in modern-day Turkey. Cilicia was the region where Tarsus, the city of Saul (later Paul), was located. Asia refers to the Roman province in western Anatolia.

Teaching Points

The Cost of Discipleship
Stephen's experience reminds us that following Christ may lead to opposition and persecution. We must be prepared to stand firm in our faith.

The Power of the Holy Spirit
Stephen's wisdom and ability to speak boldly came from the Holy Spirit. We should rely on the Spirit for guidance and strength in our own lives.

Cultural and Religious Tensions
The diverse backgrounds of the synagogue members highlight the cultural and religious tensions present in the early church. We should strive for unity and understanding within the body of Christ.

Engaging in Godly Debate
Stephen engaged in debate with those who opposed him, using wisdom and truth. We should be prepared to defend our faith with grace and respect.

Witnessing Through Adversity
Stephen's unwavering testimony, even in the face of death, serves as an example of how our witness can impact others, even those who oppose us.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Stephen's example in Acts 6:9 challenge us to stand firm in our faith today, especially when facing opposition?

2. In what ways can we rely on the Holy Spirit to guide us in conversations about our faith, similar to how Stephen did?

3. How can we promote unity and understanding within our church communities, especially when cultural or religious differences arise?

4. What can we learn from Stephen's approach to engaging in debate with those who opposed him, and how can we apply this to our own interactions?

5. Reflect on a time when you faced adversity for your faith. How can Stephen's account encourage you to remain steadfast in your witness?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Acts 7
The continuation of Stephen's account, where he delivers a powerful speech and is ultimately martyred. This passage highlights the culmination of the conflict that began in Acts 6:9.

Acts 9
Saul's conversion on the road to Damascus. Saul, who was from Cilicia, may have been present during the disputes with Stephen, showing the far-reaching impact of Stephen's witness.

1 Corinthians 1:18-25
Paul discusses the wisdom of God versus the wisdom of the world, which connects to the arguments Stephen faced from the synagogue members.