2 Samuel 11:3

So David sent and inquired about the woman, and he was told, "This is Bathsheba, the daughter of Eliam and the wife of Uriah the Hittite."

Study Bible

So David sent and inquired about the woman
David, as king, had the authority to send messengers to gather information. This action marks the beginning of a series of events leading to sin. The inquiry reflects David's initial temptation, highlighting the human tendency to pursue desires without considering consequences. This moment parallels James 1:14-15, where desire leads to sin and sin to death. David's sending of messengers also contrasts with the ideal kingly behavior described in Deuteronomy 17:16-17, where kings are advised against multiplying wives and wealth, emphasizing self-control and reliance on God.

and he was told, “This is Bathsheba,
Bathsheba's introduction is significant as it sets the stage for the unfolding narrative. Her name means "daughter of the oath," which may imply a sense of covenant or promise, contrasting with the breach of covenant that follows. Bathsheba's role in the narrative is pivotal, as she later becomes the mother of Solomon, a key figure in Israel's history and a type of Christ in his wisdom and reign of peace. Her story also foreshadows the redemptive themes found in the genealogy of Jesus in Matthew 1, where she is mentioned as "the wife of Uriah."

the daughter of Eliam
Eliam, Bathsheba's father, is identified as one of David's mighty men (2 Samuel 23:34), indicating Bathsheba's connection to David's inner circle. This connection underscores the personal betrayal involved in David's actions. Eliam's father, Ahithophel, was a counselor to David, whose later betrayal (2 Samuel 15:31) may have been influenced by David's sin with Bathsheba. This familial link highlights the far-reaching consequences of sin, affecting not only individuals but entire families and communities.

and the wife of Uriah the Hittite.”
Uriah's designation as a Hittite suggests he was a foreigner who had integrated into Israelite society, possibly converting to worship Yahweh. His inclusion among David's mighty men (2 Samuel 23:39) indicates his loyalty and valor. The mention of Uriah's marriage to Bathsheba emphasizes the gravity of David's sin, as it involves adultery and betrayal of a loyal servant. Uriah's honorable character contrasts sharply with David's actions, highlighting themes of integrity and righteousness. Uriah's story also prefigures Christ's sacrificial loyalty and faithfulness, as he unwittingly becomes a victim of David's sin, paralleling Christ's innocent suffering for humanity's sins.

Persons / Places / Events

1. David
The King of Israel, a man after God's own heart, who at this point in his life, is about to make a grave mistake by pursuing Bathsheba.

2. Bathsheba
The woman whom David inquires about. She is described as the daughter of Eliam and the wife of Uriah, indicating her familial and marital ties.

3. Eliam
Bathsheba's father, who is mentioned to provide context and background to Bathsheba's identity.

4. Uriah the Hittite
Bathsheba's husband, a loyal soldier in David's army, whose identity is crucial to understanding the gravity of David's actions.

5. Jerusalem
The setting of this event, where David remains while his army is at war, leading to his temptation and subsequent sin.

Teaching Points

Guarding the Heart
David's inquiry about Bathsheba shows the importance of guarding our hearts and minds against temptation. We must be vigilant in our thoughts and desires, as they can lead us into sin.

Consequences of Sin
This event marks the beginning of a series of tragic consequences for David, illustrating that sin often has far-reaching effects beyond the immediate moment.

Accountability and Community
David's isolation in Jerusalem, away from his men and advisors, highlights the need for accountability and community to help us stay on the right path.

Respect for Marriage
The mention of Bathsheba's marital status underscores the sanctity of marriage and the importance of respecting the marital bonds of others.

Repentance and Restoration
Although not directly in this verse, the broader account of David's life shows that repentance and seeking God's forgiveness are crucial steps in restoring our relationship with Him after sin.

Bible Study Questions

1. What can we learn from David's initial inquiry about Bathsheba that applies to how we handle our own temptations today?

2. How does understanding the familial and marital context of Bathsheba help us grasp the seriousness of David's actions?

3. In what ways can we ensure we have accountability in our lives to prevent falling into similar temptations as David?

4. How do the consequences of David's sin with Bathsheba serve as a warning for us in our own lives?

5. Reflect on a time when you faced temptation. How did you respond, and what biblical principles can you apply to handle future temptations more effectively?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 20:14
This verse, part of the Ten Commandments, explicitly forbids adultery, which David is about to commit.

Matthew 5:27-28
Jesus expands on the commandment against adultery, teaching that even looking at someone lustfully is akin to committing adultery in the heart.

James 1:14-15
This passage describes the process of temptation leading to sin, which mirrors David's progression from inquiry to action.