2 Corinthians 13:13
All the saints send you greetings.
All the saints
This phrase refers to the collective body of believers who are set apart for God’s purposes. The term "saints" comes from the Greek word "hagios," which means "holy" or "set apart." In the early church, this designation was not reserved for a select few but was a common term for all Christians. The use of "all" emphasizes the unity and inclusivity of the Christian community, reflecting the early church's understanding of being one body in Christ, transcending geographical and cultural boundaries. This unity is a testament to the transformative power of the Gospel, which calls individuals from diverse backgrounds into a single family of faith.

send you greetings
The act of sending greetings was a common practice in ancient letters, serving as a means of expressing fellowship and solidarity. The Greek word for "greetings" is "aspazomai," which conveys a sense of warmth and affection. In the context of the early church, such greetings were more than mere formalities; they were expressions of genuine love and concern for fellow believers. This practice underscores the relational nature of the Christian faith, where believers are encouraged to maintain strong, supportive connections with one another. Historically, these greetings would have been delivered by messengers who traveled between congregations, reinforcing the interconnectedness of the early Christian communities. The inclusion of greetings from "all the saints" serves as a reminder of the broader community of faith that supports and prays for one another, highlighting the importance of unity and mutual encouragement in the Christian life.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Paul the Apostle
The author of 2 Corinthians, Paul is writing to the church in Corinth. He is a key figure in the early Christian church, known for his missionary journeys and epistles.

2. The Church in Corinth
The recipients of the letter, the Corinthian church was a diverse and often troubled congregation in the city of Corinth, a major trade hub in ancient Greece.

3. The Saints
Refers to the believers in Christ, likely those in the region where Paul was writing from, possibly Macedonia or another part of Greece.
Teaching Points
Unity in the Body of Christ
The greeting from "all the saints" underscores the unity and fellowship that should exist among believers. Despite geographical distances, the early church maintained a strong sense of community and mutual support.

The Importance of Encouragement
Sending greetings is a simple yet powerful way to encourage and uplift fellow believers. It reminds us of the importance of maintaining connections and offering support to one another.

Identity as Saints
Believers are referred to as "saints," which in the original Greek (hagioi) means "holy ones" or "set apart." This identity calls Christians to live lives that reflect their calling and dedication to God.

The Role of the Church
The church is not just a local assembly but part of a global community of faith. This perspective encourages believers to think beyond their local context and engage with the broader mission of the church.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the concept of being "saints" influence your daily life and interactions with others?

2. In what ways can you actively promote unity and fellowship within your local church community?

3. Reflect on a time when a simple greeting or message from another believer encouraged you. How can you replicate that for someone else this week?

4. How does understanding the interconnectedness of the early church challenge or inspire your view of the global church today?

5. What practical steps can you take to strengthen your identity as a "saint" and live a life set apart for God?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Romans 16:16
This verse also speaks of greetings among the churches, emphasizing the unity and fellowship among believers.

Philippians 4:21-22
Paul sends greetings from the saints, highlighting the interconnectedness of the early Christian communities.

1 Corinthians 1:2
Paul addresses the church in Corinth as "sanctified in Christ Jesus, called to be saints," reinforcing their identity as part of the larger body of believers.
Paul's Epistolary Farewell to the CorinthiansD. Thomas, D. D.2 Corinthians 13:1-14
Christian UnityBp. Horne.2 Corinthians 13:11-14
FarewellW. Cadman, M. A.2 Corinthians 13:11-14
Parting TendernessC. Lipscomb 2 Corinthians 13:11-14
PerfectionC. A. Bartol.2 Corinthians 13:11-14
PerfectionJ. Edwards, D. D.2 Corinthians 13:11-14
Perfection and ComfortR. H. Story, D. D.2 Corinthians 13:11-14
Perfection in ChristMark Guy Pearse.2 Corinthians 13:11-14
The City of PeaceT. Adams.2 Corinthians 13:11-14
The Highest Character and the Highest CompanionD. Thomas, D. D.2 Corinthians 13:11-14
Unity, Peace, and BlessednessC. V. Rensselaer, D. D.2 Corinthians 13:11-14
SalutationJ.R. Thomson 2 Corinthians 13:12, 13
People
Corinthians, Paul
Places
Achaia, Corinth
Topics
God's, Greet, Greetings, Love, Saints, Salute
Dictionary of Bible Themes
2 Corinthians 13:13

     7120   Christians

2 Corinthians 13:12-14

     5328   greeting

Library
Self-Examination
The Corinthians were the critics of the apostles' age. They took to themselves great credit for skill in learning and in language, and as most men do who are wise in their own esteem, they made a wrong use of their wisdom and learning--they began to criticise the apostle Paul. They criticised his style. "His letters," say they, "are weighty and powerful, but his bodily presence is weak and his speech contemptible." Nay, not content with that, they went so far as to deny his apostleship, and for once
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 4: 1858

How to Use the Prayer-Book
Before the Service.--If possible be in your place a few moments before the appointed hour, that you may collect your thoughts and prepare for the service. On entering, go at once quietly to your seat, kneel down, and say a short prayer for yourself and your fellow-worshipers. The Collect for the Nineteenth or the Twenty-third Sunday after Trinity, or the Collect, "Almighty God, unto whom all hearts are open," at the beginning of the Communion Office, you may find appropriate. When you have said
Jacob A. Regester—The Worship of the Church

"And if Christ be in You, the Body is Dead Because Sin,"
Rom. viii. 10.--"And if Christ be in you, the body is dead because sin," &c. This is the high excellence of the Christian religion, that it contains the most absolute precepts for a holy life, and the greatest comforts in death, for from these two the truth and excellency of religion is to be measured, if it have the highest and perfectest rule of walking, and the chiefest comfort withal. Now, the perfection of Christianity you saw in the rule, how spiritual it is, how reasonable, how divine, how
Hugh Binning—The Works of the Rev. Hugh Binning

Sermon.
The great and blessed God that made heaven and earth, the seas and the great fountains of the deep, and rivers of water, the Almighty JEHOVAH, who is from everlasting to everlasting. He also made man and woman; and his design was to make them eternally happy and blessed. And therefore he made man in his own image; "in the image of God created he him, male and female created he them:" He made them after his own likeness holy, wise, merciful, just, patient, and humble, endued them with knowledge, righteousness,
William Penn—A Sermon Preached at the Quaker's Meeting House

Reprobation.
In discussing this subject I shall endeavor to show, I. What the true doctrine of reprobation is not. 1. It is not that the ultimate end of God in the creation of any was their damnation. Neither reason nor revelation confirms, but both contradict the assumption, that God has created or can create any being for the purpose of rendering him miserable as an ultimate end. God is love, or he is benevolent, and cannot therefore will the misery of any being as an ultimate end, or for its own sake. It is
Charles Grandison Finney—Systematic Theology

On Being Filled with the Spirit
Text.--Be filled with the Spirit.--Eph. v. 18. SEVERAL of my last lectures have been on the subject of prayer, and the importance of having the spirit of prayer, of the intercession of the Holy Ghost. Whenever the necessity and importance of the Spirit's influences are held forth, there can be no doubt that persons are in danger of abusing the doctrine, and perverting it to their own injury. For instance, when you tell sinners that without the Holy Spirit they never will repent, they are very liable
Charles Grandison Finney—Lectures on Revivals of Religion

The Clergyman and the Prayer Book.
Dear pages of ancestral prayer, Illumined all with Scripture gold, In you we seem the faith to share Of saints and seers of old. Whene'er in worship's blissful hour The Pastor lends your heart a voice, Let his own spirit feel your power, And answer, and rejoice. In the present chapter I deal a little with the spirit and work of the Clergyman in his ministration of the ordered Services of the Church, reserving the work of the Pulpit for later treatment. THE PRAYER BOOK NOT PERFECT BUT INESTIMABLE.
Handley C. G. Moule—To My Younger Brethren

The Greatest of These is Love.
"The greatest of these is Love."-- 1 Cor. xiii. 13. That the shedding abroad of Love and the glowing of its fire through the heart is the eternal work of the Holy Spirit, is stated by no one so pithily as by St. Paul in the closing verse of his hymn of Love. Faith, Hope, and Love are God's most precious gifts; but Love far surpasses the others in preciousness. Compared with all heavenly gifts, Faith, Hope, and Love stand highest, but of these three Love is the greatest. All spiritual gifts are precious,
Abraham Kuyper—The Work of the Holy Spirit

Of the Character of the Unregenerate.
Ephes. ii. 1, 2. And you hath he quickened, who were dead in trespasses and sins; wherein in time past ye walked according to the course of this world, according to the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that now worketh in the children of disobedience. AMONG all the various trusts which men can repose in each other, hardly any appears to be more solemn and tremendous, than the direction of their sacred time, and especially of those hours which they spend in the exercise of public devotion.
Philip Doddridge—Practical Discourses on Regeneration

The Third Wall.
The third wall falls of itself, as soon as the first two have fallen; for if the Pope acts contrary to the Scriptures, we are bound to stand by the Scriptures, to punish and to constrain him, according to Christ's commandment; "Moreover if thy brother shall trespass against thee, go and tell him his fault between thee and him alone: if he shall hear thee, thou hast gained thy brother. But if he will not hear thee, then take with thee one or two more, that in the mouth of two or three witnesses every
Martin Luther—First Principles of the Reformation

Concerning the Scriptures.
Concerning the Scriptures. From these revelations of the Spirit of God to the saints, have proceeded the Scriptures of Truth, which contain, I. A faithful historical account of the actings of God's people in divers ages; with many singular and remarkable providences attending them. II. A prophetical account of several things, whereof some are already past, and some yet to come. III. A full and ample account of all the chief principles of the doctrine of Christ, held forth in divers precious declarations,
Robert Barclay—Theses Theologicae and An Apology for the True Christian Divinity

Assurance of Salvation.
"These things have I written unto you that believe on the name of the Son of God; that ye may knew that ye have eternal life, and that ye may believe on the name of the Son of God." (1 John v. 13. ) There are two classes who ought not to have Assurance. First: those who are in the Church, but who are not converted, having never been born of the Spirit. Second: those not willing to do God's will; who are not ready to take the place that God has mapped out for them, but want to fill some other place.
Dwight L. Moody—The Way to God and How to Find It

Testimonies.
"Without faith it is impossible to please God."--Heb. xi. 6. In order to prevent the possibility of being led into paths of error, faith is directed, not to a Christ of the imagination, but to "the Christ in the garments of the Sacred Scripture," as Calvin expresses it. And therefore we must discriminate between (1) faith as a faculty implanted in the soul without our knowledge; (2) faith as a power whereby this implanted faculty begins to act; and (3) faith as a result,--since with this faith (1)
Abraham Kuyper—The Work of the Holy Spirit

The Christian's Peace and the Christian's Consistency
PHILIPPIANS i. 21-30 He will be spared to them--Spiritual wealth of the paragraph--Adolphe Monod's exposition--Charles Simeon's testimony--The equilibrium and its secret--The intermediate bliss--He longs for their full consistency--The "gift" of suffering Ver. 21. +For to me, to live is Christ+; the consciousness and experiences of living, in the body, are so full of Christ, my supreme Interest, that CHRIST sums them all up; +and to die+, the act of dying,[1] +is gain+, for it will usher me in
Handley C. G. Moule—Philippian Studies

Concerning the Ministry.
Concerning the Ministry. As by the light or gift of God all true knowledge in things spiritual is received and revealed, so by the same, as it is manifested and received in the heart, by the strength and power thereof, every true minister of the gospel is ordained, prepared, and supplied in the work of the ministry; and by the leading, moving, and drawing hereof ought every evangelist and Christian pastor to be led and ordered in his labour and work of the gospel, both as to the place where, as to
Robert Barclay—Theses Theologicae and An Apology for the True Christian Divinity

Concerning Perfection.
Concerning Perfection. In whom this pure and holy birth is fully brought forth, the body of death and sin comes to be crucified and removed, and their hearts united and subjected to the truth; so as not to obey any suggestions or temptations of the evil one, but to be free from actual sinning and transgressing of the law of God, and in that respect perfect: yet doth this perfection still admit of a growth; and there remaineth always in some part a possibility of sinning, where the mind doth not most
Robert Barclay—Theses Theologicae and An Apology for the True Christian Divinity

Reprobation Asserted: Or, the Doctrine of Eternal Election and Reprobation Promiscuously Handled, in Eleven Chapters.
WHEREIN THE MOST MATERIAL OBJECTIONS MADE BY THE OPPOSERS OF THIS DOCTRINE, ARE FULLY ANSWERED; SEVERAL DOUBTS REMOVED, AND SUNDRY CASES OF CONSCIENCE RESOLVED. BY JOHN BUNYAN OF BEDFORD, A LOVER OF PEACE AND TRUTH. 'What then? Israel hath not obtained that which he seeketh for; but the election hath obtained it, and the rest were blinded.'--Romans 11:7 London: Printed for G. L., and are to be sold in Turn-stile-alley, in Holbourn. Small 4to, 44 pages. EDITOR'S ADVERTISEMENT. This valuable tract
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

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