1 Samuel 20:5

So David told him, "Look, tomorrow is the New Moon, and I am supposed to dine with the king. Instead, let me go and hide in the field until the third evening from now.

Study Bible

So David told him
David, the anointed future king of Israel, is speaking to Jonathan, the son of King Saul. Their friendship is a central theme in this narrative, highlighting loyalty and covenantal love. David's communication with Jonathan is crucial as it reflects the trust and bond between them, despite the tension with Saul.

Look, tomorrow is the New Moon
The New Moon was a significant time in the Hebrew calendar, marking the beginning of a new month. It was often observed with special sacrifices and feasts (Numbers 28:11-15). This context indicates that David, as a member of Saul's court, was expected to participate in the royal feast, which was customary during such observances.

and I am supposed to dine with the king
David's expected presence at the king's table signifies his high status and favor in Saul's court. However, it also places him in a precarious position due to Saul's growing jealousy and intent to harm him. This tension is a recurring theme in David's life, illustrating the trials he faces before ascending to the throne.

Instead, let me go and hide in the field
David's decision to hide underscores his awareness of Saul's hostility. The field represents a place of refuge and safety, away from the king's reach. This act of hiding is symbolic of David's reliance on God's protection, as he often sought refuge in the wilderness during times of danger (Psalm 57:1).

until the third evening from now
The specific mention of "the third evening" suggests a planned period of absence, allowing time for Jonathan to gauge Saul's intentions. The number three often holds significance in biblical narratives, symbolizing completeness or divine intervention. David's strategic planning reflects his wisdom and discernment in navigating the threats against him.

Persons / Places / Events

1. David
The anointed future king of Israel, currently serving in King Saul's court. He is in a precarious position due to Saul's jealousy and attempts on his life.

2. Jonathan
The son of King Saul and a close friend of David. He is caught between his loyalty to his father and his covenant friendship with David.

3. King Saul
The first king of Israel, who has become increasingly hostile towards David due to jealousy and fear of losing his throne.

4. New Moon Festival
A significant religious and social event in ancient Israel, marking the beginning of the month. It involved sacrifices and communal meals.

5. Field
The place where David plans to hide, symbolizing his need for safety and the precariousness of his situation.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Godly Friendships
Jonathan and David's relationship exemplifies the strength and support found in friendships rooted in faith and mutual respect. Believers should seek and cultivate friendships that encourage spiritual growth and provide support in times of trial.

Trusting God's Timing
David's decision to hide rather than confront Saul shows his reliance on God's timing and protection. In our lives, we should trust God's plan and timing, even when circumstances seem dire.

The Role of Tradition and Community
The New Moon festival highlights the importance of communal worship and tradition. Engaging in regular fellowship and worship with other believers strengthens our faith and community bonds.

Courage in Adversity
David's situation required courage and wisdom. As believers, we are called to face challenges with faith and courage, trusting in God's provision and guidance.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the friendship between David and Jonathan challenge or inspire your own relationships? What qualities of their friendship can you apply to your life?

2. In what ways can you trust God's timing in your current circumstances, as David did when he chose to hide?

3. How do you participate in communal worship and traditions, and how do these practices strengthen your faith?

4. What steps can you take to show courage and wisdom in a challenging situation you are currently facing?

5. How can the account of David and Jonathan inform your understanding of loyalty and faithfulness in your relationships with others and with God?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Samuel 18:1-4
This passage describes the covenant friendship between David and Jonathan, highlighting the depth of their bond and Jonathan's willingness to protect David.

Psalm 55:12-14
David's lament about betrayal by a close friend can be seen as reflective of the tension and potential betrayal he faces from Saul, despite Saul's earlier favor.

Proverbs 17:17
This verse speaks to the loyalty of a friend, which is exemplified in Jonathan's actions towards David.

Hebrews 10:25
The importance of gathering together, as seen in the New Moon festival, is echoed in the New Testament's encouragement for believers to meet regularly.