1 Samuel 19:6

Saul listened to the voice of Jonathan and swore an oath: "As surely as the LORD lives, David will not be put to death."

Study Bible

Saul listened to the voice of Jonathan
This phrase highlights the influence Jonathan had over his father, King Saul. Jonathan, a loyal friend to David, often acted as a mediator between Saul and David. This reflects the biblical principle of wise counsel, as seen in Proverbs 11:14, where it states that there is safety in a multitude of counselors. Jonathan's advocacy for David demonstrates the power of righteous influence and the importance of standing up for what is right, even when it is difficult.

and swore an oath:
In ancient Israel, oaths were taken very seriously and were considered binding before God. Swearing an oath was a solemn act that invoked God's name, indicating the seriousness of the promise. This reflects the cultural and religious significance of oaths in biblical times, as seen in Numbers 30:2, which emphasizes the importance of keeping one's word. Saul's oath here is significant because it shows a temporary change of heart influenced by Jonathan's reasoning.

“As surely as the LORD lives,
This phrase is a common oath formula in the Old Testament, underscoring the truthfulness and seriousness of the statement. It acknowledges the living God as a witness to the promise being made. This reflects the deep-seated belief in the sovereignty and omnipresence of God, as seen in other scriptures like 1 Kings 17:1, where Elijah uses a similar expression. It also highlights the cultural practice of invoking God's name to affirm the truth of one's words.

David will not be put to death.”
This declaration is significant in the narrative of David's rise to kingship. Despite Saul's previous attempts on David's life, this oath temporarily spares David, allowing God's plan for David to unfold. It also foreshadows the protection and favor David would continue to receive from God, as seen throughout the Psalms, where David often speaks of God's deliverance. This moment is a testament to God's providence and the unfolding of His divine plan, despite human intentions.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Saul
The first king of Israel, who was anointed by the prophet Samuel. At this point in the account, Saul is struggling with jealousy and fear regarding David's rising popularity and success.

2. Jonathan
Saul's son, who has formed a deep friendship with David. Jonathan acts as a mediator between Saul and David, advocating for David's safety and well-being.

3. David
The future king of Israel, anointed by Samuel. He is a man after God's own heart and is currently serving in Saul's court. His success and favor with God have made Saul envious.

4. The LORD
The covenant name of God, Yahweh, who is the ultimate authority and witness to Saul's oath.

5. Oath
Saul makes a solemn promise, invoking the name of the LORD, to spare David's life. This reflects the seriousness of his commitment at that moment.

Teaching Points

The Power of Advocacy
Jonathan's role as an advocate for David demonstrates the power of standing up for others, especially when they are unjustly threatened. As Christians, we are called to be advocates for justice and truth.

The Weight of an Oath
Saul's oath, made in the name of the LORD, reminds us of the seriousness of our words and promises. We should be mindful of the commitments we make, especially when invoking God's name.

The Influence of Godly Relationships
The friendship between Jonathan and David shows the impact of godly relationships. Surrounding ourselves with people who encourage us in our faith can help us navigate difficult situations.

The Sovereignty of God
Despite Saul's fluctuating intentions, God's sovereign plan for David's life prevails. This reassures us that God's purposes will stand, even amidst human opposition.

The Importance of Listening
Saul's decision to listen to Jonathan highlights the importance of being open to wise counsel. We should seek and heed godly advice in our decision-making processes.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Jonathan's advocacy for David inspire you to stand up for others in your own life?

2. Reflect on a time when you made a promise or commitment. How did you ensure that you honored it, especially if it involved invoking God's name?

3. In what ways can you cultivate godly relationships that encourage and strengthen your faith, similar to the friendship between Jonathan and David?

4. How does the sovereignty of God, as seen in David's life, provide comfort and assurance in your current circumstances?

5. What steps can you take to be more receptive to wise counsel and advice from others, especially when facing difficult decisions?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Samuel 18:1-4
This passage describes the covenant friendship between Jonathan and David, highlighting Jonathan's loyalty and love for David, which plays a crucial role in the events of 1 Samuel 19:6.

Exodus 20:7
The commandment against taking the LORD's name in vain underscores the seriousness of Saul's oath, as invoking God's name in a promise is a solemn act.

Matthew 5:33-37
Jesus' teaching on oaths in the Sermon on the Mount provides a New Testament perspective on the importance of integrity and truthfulness in our commitments.