Exodus 29:40

And with the one lamb a tenth deal of flour mingled with the fourth part of an hin of beaten oil; and the fourth part of an hin of wine for a drink offering.

EXPOSITORY (ENGLISH BIBLE)

Benson Commentary

Exodus 29:40. A tenth-deal, or tenth part of an ephah, is about three quarts. A hin is five quarts.

Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary

29:38-46 A lamb was to be offered upon the altar every morning, and a lamb every evening. This typified the continual intercession which Christ ever lives to make for his church. Though he offered himself but once for all, that one offering thus becomes a continual offering. This also teaches us to offer to God the spiritual sacrifices of prayer and praise every day, morning and evening. Our daily devotions are the most needful of our daily works, and the most pleasant of our daily comforts. Prayer-time must be kept up as duly as meal-time. Those starve their own souls, who keep not up constant attendance on the throne of grace; constancy in religion brings in the comfort of it.

Barnes' Notes on the Bible

A tenth deal - i. e. the tenth part of an Ephah; it is sometimes called an Omer (Exodus 16:36; see Leviticus 23:13). The Ephah seems to have been rather less than four gallons and a half (see Leviticus 19:36 note); and the tenth deal of flour may have weighed about 3 lbs. 2oz.

An hin - The word appears to be Egyptian. The measure was one-sixth of an ephah. The quarter of a bin was therefore about a pint and a half. See Leviticus 19:36 note.

Beaten oil - See Exodus 27:20.

Wine for a drink offering - The earliest mention of the drink-offering is found in connection with Jacob's setting up the stone at Bethel Genesis 35:14. But it is here first associated with the rites of the altar. The law of the drink-offering is stated Numbers 15:5 following. Nothing whatever is expressly said in the Old Testament regarding the mode in which the wine was treated: but it would seem probable, from the prohibition that it should not be poured upon the altar of incense Exodus 30:9, that it used to be poured on the altar of burnt-offering.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

Ex 29:38-46. Institution of Daily Service.

38. two lambs of the first year day by day continually—The sacred preliminaries being completed, Moses was instructed in the end or design to which these preparations were subservient, namely, the worship of God; and hence the institution of the morning and evening sacrifice. The institution was so imperative, that in no circumstances was this daily oblation to be dispensed with; and the due observance of it would secure the oft-promised grace and blessing of their heavenly King.

Matthew Poole's Commentary

A tenth deal; the tenth part of an ephah, as is evident from Numbers 28:5, which is an omer, Exodus 16:36.

An hin was a measure for liquid things, as the ephah was for dry things, containing six pints of our measure.

Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible

And with the one lamb a tenth deal,.... That is, the tenth part of an "ephah", as Jarchi and Aben Ezra, which is an "omer", and held as much as a man could eat in one day, or more, see Exodus 16:18,

of flour mingled with the fourth part of an hin of beaten oil; this was a meat, or, rather bread offering, which went along with the daily sacrifice, and typified Christ the food of his people, who is compared to a corn of wheat; is the finest of the wheat, and the bread of God, which came down from heaven, and gives life, food; and nourishment to men; and the "beaten oil" may signify the graces of the Spirit in him, and the exercise of them through the many trials and sufferings he endured, and which make him savoury food to his people, as a crucified Christ is:

and the fourth part of a hin of wine for a drink offering; a "hin", Aben Ezra says, was an Egyptian measure, but what reason he had for it does not appear; according to Ainsworth, the fourth part of it was a pint and a half; but according to Bishop Cumberland (n), who has with great exactness calculated the Jewish measures, it was a quart and above half a pint; this was poured out upon the altar. Jarchi says there were two silver basins on the top of the altar, and there were bored in them like two small nostrils, and wine was put in the middle of them; and it flowed and went out by the way of the nostrils, and fell upon the top of the altar, and from thence descended to the bottom: this wine poured may either signify the blood of Christ shed, or poured out for the remission of sin; or the love of Christ very plentifully manifested in the offering up of himself for men, and the acceptableness of to God: and, moreover, as sacrifices are called the bread of God, and he makes as it were a feast of them, feeding on them with delight and pleasure, it was necessary there should be wine to complete the banquet; wherefore wine is said to cheer both God and man, Judges 9:13, alluding to the libations of wine in sacrifices.

(n) Of Scripture Weights and Measures, c. 3. p. 86.

Geneva Study Bible

And with the one lamb a {n} tenth deal of flour mingled with the fourth part of an {o} hin of beaten oil; and the fourth part of an hin of wine for a drink offering.

(n) That is, an Omer, read Ex 16:16.

(o) Which is about a pint.

EXEGETICAL (ORIGINAL LANGUAGES)

Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

40. The minḥâh, or ‘meal-offering’ (see Leviticus 2), as it is expressly termed in the "" Numbers 28:5, which in P is the regular concomitant of a burnt-offering (see Numbers 15:1-12; and cf. Numbers 28:9; Numbers 28:12-13, &c.).

a tenth part (of an ephah)] Heb. ‘issârôn, only in P (28 times). The ephah was probably about 8 gallons, so the ‘issârôn would be about 6½ pints (see further Kennedy, in DB. iv. 912b, near the bottom).

fine flour] Genesis 18:6 and often: as the material of a meal-offering Leviticus 2:1; Leviticus 2:4-5; Leviticus 2:7, and elsewhere.

mingled with … oil] as v. 2, Leviticus 2:4-5 al. A ‘hin’ (Jos. Ant. iii. 8. 3) was 1/6 of the ‘bath’ (the equivalent for liquid measure of the ephah for dry measure, Ezekiel 45:11) = about 1⅓ gallon; ¼ of a hin would thus be about 2⅔ pints. For the oil of superior quality called beaten oil, see on Exodus 27:20 : this is the only minḥâh for which it is prescribed.

a drink offering] or libation; also a frequent concomitant of the burnt-offering (Numbers 15:5; Numbers 15:7; Numbers 15:10; cf. Numbers 28:9; Numbers 28:14; Numbers 29:18; Numbers 29:21, &c.). According to Sir 50:15 it was poured out at the base of the altar. The amount, ¼ hin for a lamb, is the same as in Numbers 15:5; Numbers 28:14; for larger animals the amount was greater.

Pulpit Commentary

Verse 40. - A tenth deal - i.e., a "tenth part." The tenth part of an ephah is no doubt meant. This was sometimes called "an omen" (Exodus 16:36), and would be about three pounds weight of flour, or a little more. One fourth part of an hin of beaten oil. The word hin is said to be Egyptian. It occurs here for the first time. The bin was the sixth part of a bath, and probably contained about one pint and a half English. The fourth part of an hin of wine for a drink-offering. The application of the "drink-offerings" is uncertain. Josephus says (Ant. Jud. 3:9, § 4) that they were poured out round the brazen altar. But the analogy of the "meat offering" makes it probable that a portion only was thus treated, while the greater part belonged to the priests. In the entire provision by which burnt and peace-offering were to be necessarily accompanied with meat-offerings and drink-offerings, we can scarcely be wrong in seeing an arrangement made especially for the convenience of the priests. Exodus 29:40

Keil and Delitzsch Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament

The Daily Burnt-Offering, Meat-Offering, and Drink-Offering. - The directions concerning these are attached to the instructions for the consecration of the priests, because these sacrifices commenced immediately after the completion of the tabernacle, and, like the shew-bread (Exodus 25:30), the daily trimming of the lamps (Exodus 27:20-21), and the daily incense-offering (Exodus 30:7.), were most intimately connected with the erection of the sanctuary.

Exodus 29:38-40

"And this is what thou shalt make (offer) upon the altar; yearling lambs two a day continually," one in the morning, the other between the two evenings (see at Exodus 12:6); to every one a meat-offering (minchah) of a tenth of fine wheaten flour (soleth, see at Leviticus 2:1), mixed with a quarter of a hin of beaten oil (cathith, see at Exodus 27:20), and a drink-offering (nesek) of a quarter of a hin of wine. עשּׂרן (a tenth) is equivalent to האיפה עשׂירית, the tenth part of an ephah (Numbers 28:5), or 198-5 Parisian cubic inches according to Bertheau's measurement. Thenius, however, sets it down at 101-4 inches, whilst the Rabbins reckon it as equivalent to 43 hen's eggs of average size, i.e., somewhat more than 2 1/4 lbs. A hin (a word of Egyptian origin) is 330-9 inches according to Bertheau, 168-9 according to Thenius, or 72 eggs, so that a quarter of a hin would be 18 eggs.