The term "Western Boundary" in biblical context often refers to the geographical limits of the land allotted to the tribes of Israel, particularly as described in the Old Testament. The delineation of these boundaries was crucial for the establishment of tribal territories in the Promised Land, as commanded by God through Moses and later executed by Joshua.

Biblical References:

1. Numbers 34:6 : "Your western boundary will be the coastline of the Great Sea; this will be your boundary on the west." This passage is part of the instructions given by God to Moses regarding the borders of the land that the Israelites were to inherit. The "Great Sea" refers to the Mediterranean Sea, which served as the western limit of the land of Canaan.

2. Joshua 15:12 : "The western border was the coastline of the Great Sea. These are the boundaries around the clans of the descendants of Judah." Here, the western boundary is again identified as the Mediterranean Sea, specifically in the context of the territory allotted to the tribe of Judah. This demarcation was significant for defining the extent of Judah's inheritance.

3. Ezekiel 47:20 : "You are to mark out your western boundary with the Great Sea as a border; it will run directly to a point opposite Lebo-hamath." In this prophetic vision, Ezekiel describes the future boundaries of Israel, reaffirming the Mediterranean Sea as the western limit. This vision underscores the continuity of God's promises regarding the land.

Theological Significance:

The western boundary, marked by the Mediterranean Sea, symbolizes the fulfillment of God's covenant with the patriarchs—Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob—regarding the land promised to their descendants. The clear demarcation of boundaries was essential for maintaining order and ensuring that each tribe received its rightful inheritance. It also served as a physical reminder of God's provision and faithfulness.

Historical and Geographical Context:

The Mediterranean Sea, known as the "Great Sea" in biblical times, was a significant geographical feature that influenced the climate, trade, and culture of the region. Its designation as the western boundary provided a natural and recognizable limit for the land of Israel. The sea facilitated trade and interaction with other cultures, while also serving as a barrier against potential invaders from the west.

Implications for Israel:

The establishment of the western boundary was not merely a matter of geography but also of identity and divine promise. It defined the space within which the Israelites were to live out their covenant relationship with God, adhering to His laws and statutes. The boundary also served as a reminder of the distinctiveness of Israel as a nation set apart for God's purposes.

In summary, the western boundary of Israel, as defined by the Mediterranean Sea, holds significant theological, historical, and cultural importance within the biblical narrative. It represents God's faithfulness in granting the land to His chosen people and serves as a testament to the enduring nature of His promises.