The Pel'ethites are a group mentioned in the Old Testament, specifically within the historical narratives concerning the reign of King David. They are often referenced alongside the Cherethites, forming a distinct unit within David's military forces. The exact origin and nature of the Pel'ethites are subjects of scholarly discussion, but they are generally understood to be part of David's elite guard or mercenary troops.

Biblical References:

The primary references to the Pel'ethites are found in the books of Samuel and Chronicles. In 2 Samuel 8:18 , it is noted: "Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and David’s sons were priests." This passage highlights the leadership of Benaiah, a trusted warrior of David, over these groups, indicating their importance in the king's military hierarchy.

Similarly, 2 Samuel 20:23 states: "Now Joab was over the whole army of Israel; Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and Pelethites." This further emphasizes the role of the Pel'ethites as a specialized unit within the broader context of Israel's military organization.

In 1 Chronicles 18:17 , the text reiterates: "Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and David’s sons were chief officials at the king’s side." This repetition across different books underscores the consistent presence and significance of the Pel'ethites during David's reign.

Role and Function:

The Pel'ethites, along with the Cherethites, are often considered to be part of David's personal bodyguard or a special forces unit. Their mention alongside the Cherethites suggests a close association, possibly indicating a shared origin or function. Some scholars propose that these groups were foreign mercenaries, possibly of Philistine origin, who were integrated into David's forces due to their military prowess and loyalty.

The role of the Pel'ethites as part of David's elite troops is further supported by their involvement in key events during his reign. They were likely instrumental in maintaining the stability and security of David's kingdom, providing a reliable and skilled military presence.

Historical and Cultural Context:

The presence of foreign or mercenary troops in ancient Near Eastern armies was not uncommon. Kings often employed such forces to bolster their military capabilities and ensure loyalty, as these troops were typically detached from local tribal or familial ties. The Pel'ethites, therefore, may have served as a counterbalance to potential internal dissent or rebellion, offering David a dependable force that was directly loyal to him.

The exact etymology of "Pel'ethites" is uncertain, and their specific ethnic or geographical origins remain a topic of debate. However, their consistent association with the Cherethites suggests a possible connection to the Philistine region or other coastal areas.

Theological Significance:

From a theological perspective, the inclusion of the Pel'ethites in the biblical narrative highlights the diverse and multifaceted nature of David's kingdom. It reflects the broader theme of God's providence in using various peoples and means to establish and secure His chosen leaders. The Pel'ethites, as part of David's forces, played a role in the unfolding of God's plan for Israel, demonstrating the integration of different cultures and peoples into the service of His purposes.

In summary, the Pel'ethites are a notable component of King David's military structure, representing the strategic use of elite troops to maintain the stability and security of the Israelite kingdom. Their presence in the biblical text underscores the complexity and diversity of ancient Israel's society and the divine orchestration of its history.Pel'ethites (7 Occurrences)

2 Samuel 8:18
and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and David's sons were chief ministers.
(See RSV)

2 Samuel 15:18
And all his servants passed on beside him; and all the Cherethites, and all the Pelethites, and all the Gittites, six hundred men that came after him from Gath, passed on before the king.
(See RSV)

2 Samuel 20:7
And there went out after him Joab's men, and the Cherethites and the Pelethites, and all the mighty men; and they went out of Jerusalem, to pursue after Sheba the son of Bichri.
(See RSV)

2 Samuel 20:23
Now Joab was over all the host of Israel; and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and over the Pelethites;
(See RSV)

1 Kings 1:38
So Zadok the priest, and Nathan the prophet, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and the Cherethites and the Pelethites, went down, and caused Solomon to ride upon king David's mule, and brought him to Gihon.
(See RSV)

1 Kings 1:44
And the king hath sent with him Zadok the priest, and Nathan the prophet, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and the Cherethites and the Pelethites, and they have caused him to ride upon the king's mule.
(See RSV)

1 Chronicles 18:17
and Beniah the son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and the sons of David were chief about the king.
(See RSV)

Pel'ethites (7 Occurrences)
Pel'ethites. Pelethites, Pel'ethites. Pelias . Multi-Version Concordance
Pel'ethites (7 Occurrences). 2 Samuel 8:18 and Benaiah ...
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Pelethites (7 Occurrences)

/p/pelethites.htm - 10k

Pelias

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