The Moabites, descendants of Lot through his elder daughter (Genesis 19:37), were a significant people group in the biblical narrative, often interacting with the Israelites. The officials of Moab played crucial roles in these interactions, particularly during the period of the Exodus and the early monarchy in Israel.

Balak, King of Moab

One of the most notable officials of Moab was Balak, the son of Zippor, who reigned as king during the time of the Israelites' journey to the Promised Land. Concerned about the encroaching Israelites, Balak sought to curse them by hiring the prophet Balaam. Numbers 22:4-6 records Balak's fear and his subsequent actions: "So Balak son of Zippor, who was king of Moab at that time, sent messengers to summon Balaam son of Beor... 'Look, a people has come out of Egypt; they cover the face of the land and have settled next to me. Please come and curse these people for me, because they are too powerful for me.'"

Balak's officials were instrumental in this narrative, as they were the ones who communicated Balak's desires to Balaam and attempted to persuade him with promises of reward (Numbers 22:7, 15-17). Despite their efforts, Balaam ultimately blessed Israel, as God directed him, rather than cursing them (Numbers 23-24).

Eglon, King of Moab

Another significant Moabite official was Eglon, who oppressed Israel during the time of the judges. Judges 3:12-14 describes how the Israelites did evil in the sight of the Lord, leading to their subjugation under Eglon: "And the LORD strengthened Eglon king of Moab against Israel, because they had done evil in the sight of the LORD. Eglon gathered to himself the Ammonites and Amalekites, went and defeated Israel, and took possession of the City of Palms."

Eglon's rule over Israel lasted eighteen years until he was assassinated by Ehud, a left-handed judge raised by God to deliver Israel (Judges 3:15-30). This event highlights the cyclical nature of Israel's faithfulness and rebellion during the period of the judges.

Moabite Officials in Prophetic Literature

The prophetic books also mention Moab and its officials, often in the context of judgment. Isaiah 15-16 and Jeremiah 48 contain oracles against Moab, pronouncing divine judgment on the nation for its pride and idolatry. These passages reflect the broader biblical theme of God's sovereignty over all nations and His use of Israel's neighbors to accomplish His purposes.

Role and Influence

The officials of Moab, as seen in these accounts, were often characterized by their opposition to Israel and their attempts to thwart God's plans for His people. Despite their efforts, the biblical narrative consistently demonstrates God's ultimate authority and His ability to use even the actions of foreign officials to fulfill His divine purposes. The interactions between Moabite officials and Israel serve as a testament to the complex relationships between the nations surrounding Israel and the unfolding of God's redemptive history.