Numbers 29:19

Include one male goat as a sin offering, in addition to the regular burnt offering with its grain offering and drink offering.

Study Bible

Include one male goat as a sin offering
The use of a male goat as a sin offering is significant in the sacrificial system of ancient Israel. The goat symbolizes the removal of sin and impurity from the community. This practice is rooted in the Levitical laws, where the sin offering was a means of atonement for unintentional sins (Leviticus 4:27-31). The male goat, specifically, was often used for the sin offering on the Day of Atonement (Leviticus 16:15), highlighting its importance in the purification process. This offering prefigures Christ, who is the ultimate sin offering, taking away the sins of the world (Hebrews 9:26).

in addition to the regular burnt offering
The regular burnt offering, or "olah," was a daily sacrifice made every morning and evening (Exodus 29:38-42). It symbolized the continual dedication and consecration of the people to God. The inclusion of the sin offering alongside the regular burnt offering underscores the need for both atonement and dedication in the worship of God. This dual aspect of sacrifice points to the comprehensive work of Christ, who not only atones for sin but also sanctifies believers (Hebrews 10:10).

with its grain offering
The grain offering, or "minchah," was an offering of fine flour, oil, and frankincense (Leviticus 2:1-3). It accompanied the burnt offering and represented the fruits of human labor and thanksgiving to God. This offering signifies the dedication of one's work and sustenance to the Lord, acknowledging His provision. In the New Testament, believers are encouraged to offer their lives as living sacrifices, holy and pleasing to God (Romans 12:1), reflecting the spirit of the grain offering.

and drink offering
The drink offering, or "nesek," typically consisted of wine poured out at the altar (Exodus 29:40-41). It was an act of worship and devotion, symbolizing the pouring out of one's life in service to God. The Apostle Paul uses this imagery to describe his own life of service and sacrifice for the gospel (Philippians 2:17). The drink offering complements the burnt and grain offerings, illustrating a holistic approach to worship that involves atonement, thanksgiving, and personal dedication.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Israelites
The people of God who are receiving these instructions for offerings.

2. Moses
The leader of the Israelites who is conveying God's commandments regarding the offerings.

3. Tabernacle
The place where these offerings are to be made, serving as the dwelling place of God among His people.

4. Feast of Tabernacles
The context of this passage, a significant festival in the Jewish calendar, celebrating God's provision and presence.

5. Sin Offering
A specific type of offering made to atone for sin, highlighting the need for purification and reconciliation with God.

Teaching Points

The Necessity of Atonement
The sin offering underscores humanity's need for atonement and reconciliation with God. It reminds us of the seriousness of sin and the provision God has made for forgiveness.

The Role of Rituals in Worship
While rituals like offerings were central to Israelite worship, they pointed to deeper spiritual truths. Today, our worship practices should also reflect genuine faith and devotion, not mere ritualism.

Christ as the Fulfillment of the Law
The offerings in Numbers foreshadow the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ. Understanding this connection deepens our appreciation for His atoning work and encourages us to live in gratitude and obedience.

Living Sacrifices
As believers, we are called to present our bodies as living sacrifices, holy and pleasing to God. This involves daily surrender and commitment to God's will in every aspect of our lives.

Community and Worship
The communal aspect of these offerings highlights the importance of corporate worship and fellowship. Engaging in community worship strengthens our faith and encourages mutual edification.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the concept of a sin offering in Numbers 29:19 help us understand the gravity of sin and the need for atonement?

2. In what ways does the Feast of Tabernacles, as the context for this passage, enhance our understanding of God's provision and presence?

3. How can we apply the principle of offering ourselves as living sacrifices in our daily lives, as encouraged in Romans 12:1?

4. What are some modern-day "rituals" or practices in our worship that might become mere formalities, and how can we ensure they remain meaningful?

5. How does understanding Christ as the fulfillment of the sacrificial system impact our view of Old Testament laws and our relationship with God today?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Leviticus 4
Provides detailed instructions on sin offerings, emphasizing the need for atonement and the role of sacrifices in maintaining a right relationship with God.

Hebrews 10
Discusses the insufficiency of animal sacrifices and points to Christ as the ultimate and perfect sacrifice for sin.

Psalm 51
David's prayer of repentance, highlighting the importance of a contrite heart over ritual sacrifices.

Romans 12:1
Encourages believers to offer themselves as living sacrifices, connecting the concept of offerings to daily Christian living.