Leviticus 18:22

You must not lie with a man as with a woman; that is an abomination.

Study Bible

You must not lie
The phrase "You must not lie" is a direct command, emphasizing the prohibition nature of the instruction. In Hebrew, the word used here is "תִּשְׁכַּב" (tishkav), which is derived from the root "שָׁכַב" (shakav), meaning to lie down or to rest. This term is often used in the context of sexual relations, indicating a physical act. The command is clear and unambiguous, reflecting the seriousness with which the Israelites were to regard this prohibition. The use of the imperative form underscores the non-negotiable nature of this command within the covenant community.

with a man
The Hebrew word for "man" here is "זָכָר" (zakar), which specifically refers to a male. This term is used throughout the Old Testament to denote gender, often in contexts that highlight roles and responsibilities within the community. The specificity of the term indicates that the prohibition is not about general human relationships but is focused on the sexual relations between males. This reflects the cultural and religious context of ancient Israel, where maintaining distinct roles and boundaries was crucial for societal order and religious purity.

as with a woman
The phrase "as with a woman" uses the Hebrew "מִשְׁכְּבֵי אִשָּׁה" (mishkevei ishah), which literally translates to "the lyings of a woman." This expression is a euphemism for sexual intercourse, commonly understood in the context of heterosexual relations. The comparison here is significant, as it highlights the natural order as understood in the biblical context, where sexual relations are intended to occur between a man and a woman within the bounds of marriage. This reflects the creation narrative in Genesis, where male and female are created to complement each other.

that is an abomination
The term "abomination" is translated from the Hebrew word "תּוֹעֵבָה" (to'evah), which denotes something detestable or loathsome. In the biblical context, this term is often used to describe practices that are ritually or morally repugnant to God. The use of this strong term indicates the severity with which this act is viewed within the covenant community. It is not merely a cultural taboo but a violation of divine order and holiness. The historical context of Leviticus, with its emphasis on holiness and separation from pagan practices, underscores the importance of adhering to God's standards as a reflection of Israel's unique identity as God's chosen people.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The author of Leviticus, Moses was the leader of the Israelites and the mediator of God's laws to His people.

2. Israelites
The recipients of the laws in Leviticus, the Israelites were God's chosen people, set apart to live according to His statutes.

3. Canaan
The land where the Israelites were headed, which was inhabited by people whose practices God deemed abominable, including those mentioned in Leviticus 18.

4. God
The ultimate lawgiver, who provided these commandments to guide the moral and spiritual conduct of His people.

5. Egypt
The land from which the Israelites had been delivered, known for practices that God warned against, including those related to sexual immorality.

Teaching Points

Understanding God's Design
God created male and female with distinct roles and purposes. This verse underscores the importance of adhering to God's design for human relationships.

Holiness and Separation
The Israelites were called to be holy and separate from the practices of surrounding nations. This call to holiness extends to Christians today, urging us to live according to God's standards.

Cultural Influence vs. Biblical Truth
While cultural norms may shift, God's Word remains constant. Believers are encouraged to hold fast to biblical truth despite societal changes.

Compassion and Truth
While upholding biblical standards, Christians are called to approach others with love and compassion, offering grace and truth in discussions about difficult topics.

Repentance and Redemption
The Bible offers hope for all who turn from sin and seek God's forgiveness. Emphasizing repentance and the transformative power of the Gospel is crucial.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does understanding the historical and cultural context of Leviticus 18:22 help us interpret its meaning today?

2. In what ways can Christians uphold biblical teachings on sexuality while showing love and compassion to those who disagree?

3. How do the New Testament passages related to Leviticus 18:22 reinforce the continuity of God's moral law?

4. What are some practical ways believers can maintain holiness in a culture that often contradicts biblical values?

5. How can the church support individuals struggling with issues related to this verse, offering both truth and grace?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 19
The account of Sodom and Gomorrah, where similar behaviors are condemned, illustrating the seriousness of such actions in God's eyes.

Romans 1:26-27
Paul discusses the consequences of abandoning natural relations, reinforcing the Old Testament's stance on sexual immorality.

1 Corinthians 6:9-10
Paul lists behaviors that are unrighteous, including those mentioned in Leviticus, emphasizing the need for repentance and transformation.

1 Timothy 1:9-10
Paul reiterates the law's purpose in identifying sinful behaviors, including those related to sexual immorality.