Joshua 9:12
This bread of ours was warm when we packed it at home on the day we left to come to you. But take a look, it is now dry and moldy.
This bread of ours was warm when we packed it at home
The Gibeonites, who are speaking here, are attempting to deceive the Israelites by claiming they have come from a distant land. The mention of "warm bread" suggests freshness and immediacy, indicating that their journey supposedly began recently. In ancient Near Eastern culture, bread was a staple food, and its freshness was a sign of hospitality and provision. The Gibeonites' claim is designed to evoke sympathy and trust from the Israelites. This phrase also highlights the importance of bread in biblical narratives, often symbolizing sustenance and life, as seen in the provision of manna in the wilderness (Exodus 16).

on the day we left to come to you
The Gibeonites emphasize the immediacy of their departure to reinforce their story of a long journey. This phrase is crucial in their deception, as it suggests urgency and a direct mission to seek peace with Israel. The context of Joshua 9 shows the Gibeonites' fear of Israel's God and their desire to make a treaty to avoid destruction. This reflects the broader theme of God's reputation preceding the Israelites, as seen in Rahab's acknowledgment of God's power in Joshua 2:9-11.

But look, it is now dry and moldy
The transformation of the bread from warm to moldy serves as physical evidence to support the Gibeonites' claim of a long journey. This visual proof is intended to convince the Israelites of their story's authenticity. In a spiritual sense, the deterioration of the bread can symbolize the decay of human efforts and the futility of relying on deception rather than truth. The Israelites' failure to seek God's counsel in this matter (Joshua 9:14) serves as a cautionary tale about the importance of discernment and reliance on divine guidance. The moldy bread contrasts with the "bread of life" that Jesus offers, which never perishes (John 6:35).

Persons / Places / Events
1. Gibeonites
A group of people from the city of Gibeon who deceived Joshua and the Israelites into making a peace treaty with them by pretending to be from a distant land.

2. Joshua
The leader of the Israelites who succeeded Moses and led the people into the Promised Land. He was responsible for making decisions regarding treaties and warfare.

3. Israelites
The people of God who were commanded to conquer the land of Canaan and were instructed not to make treaties with the inhabitants of the land.

4. Canaan
The land promised to the Israelites by God, which they were in the process of conquering under Joshua's leadership.

5. Deception
The act carried out by the Gibeonites to secure a treaty with Israel, which involved presenting old provisions to appear as if they had traveled from a distant land.
Teaching Points
Discernment in Decision-Making
The Israelites failed to seek God's guidance before making a treaty with the Gibeonites. This teaches the importance of seeking divine wisdom in our decisions.

Consequences of Deception
The Gibeonites' deception led to a binding treaty. This illustrates how deceit can lead to unintended and long-lasting consequences.

The Importance of Obedience
The Israelites were instructed not to make treaties with the Canaanites. This event underscores the importance of adhering to God's commands.

God's Sovereignty and Grace
Despite the deception, God used the situation for His purposes, showing His ability to work through human mistakes.

Integrity in Relationships
The account encourages maintaining honesty and integrity in our interactions, reflecting Christ-like character.
Bible Study Questions
1. What steps can we take to ensure we seek God's guidance in our decision-making processes, as seen in the failure of the Israelites to consult God in Joshua 9?

2. How does the account of the Gibeonites' deception challenge us to examine our own honesty and integrity in our daily interactions?

3. In what ways can the consequences of the Israelites' treaty with the Gibeonites serve as a warning about the long-term effects of our decisions?

4. How does the account of the Gibeonites relate to the broader biblical theme of God's sovereignty and ability to use human actions for His purposes?

5. Reflecting on the Israelites' experience, how can we better adhere to God's commands in our lives, and what resources (scriptural or otherwise) can help us in this pursuit?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Deuteronomy 20:10-18
Provides the laws regarding warfare and treaties, highlighting why the Israelites were not to make treaties with the inhabitants of Canaan.

Exodus 23:32-33
Warns the Israelites against making covenants with the inhabitants of the land, which would lead them away from God.

2 Samuel 21:1-6
Discusses the consequences of breaking a treaty with the Gibeonites, showing the long-term impact of the covenant made in Joshua 9.
A Canaanitish StratagemA. B. Mackay.Joshua 9:3-27
A Judgment Over Self- RelianceF. B. Meyer, B. A.Joshua 9:3-27
Beguiled by the Crafty EnemyJ. C. Miller, D. D.Joshua 9:3-27
Causes of RaggednessJ. E. Clarke, M. A.Joshua 9:3-27
Going AstrayW. G. Barrett.Joshua 9:3-27
Hasty JudgmentsH. M. Scudder, D. D.Joshua 9:3-27
Joshua Made Peace with ThemC. Ness.Joshua 9:3-27
League Made with the GibeonitesW. Seaton.Joshua 9:3-27
Mistakes Divinely OverruledF. B Meyer, B. A.Joshua 9:3-27
Old Shoes and Clouted, Patched ClothingD. Davies.Joshua 9:3-27
Pious FraudsW. G. Blaikie, DD.Joshua 9:3-27
Reprehensible Self-DistortionThomas Parsons.Joshua 9:3-27
Saints May be Outwitted by the WorldH. G. Salter.Joshua 9:3-27
Seek Direction from GodR. P. Buddicom, M. A.Joshua 9:3-27
The GibeonitesJ. Parker, D. D.Joshua 9:3-27
The Submission of the GibeonitesR. Glover Joshua 9:3-27
People
Amorites, Canaanites, Gibeon, Gibeonites, Hittites, Hivite, Hivites, Israelites, Jebusites, Joshua, Og, Perizzites, Sihon
Places
Ai, Ashtaroth, Bashan, Beeroth, Egypt, Gibeon, Gilgal, Great Sea, Heshbon, Jericho, Jordan River, Kiriath-jearim, Lebanon
Topics
Behold, Bread, Broken, Crumbled, Crumbs, Dry, Forth, Home, Hot, Houses, Journey, Moldy, Mouldy, Ours, Ourselves, Packed, Provided, Provision, Provisions, Starting, Warm
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Joshua 9:3-13

     4548   wineskin

Joshua 9:3-15

     8720   double-mindedness

Joshua 9:3-16

     5592   treaty

Joshua 9:3-21

     5430   oaths, human

Joshua 9:3-22

     5920   pretence

Joshua 9:3-27

     4552   wood
     6701   peace, search for

Joshua 9:11-13

     5357   journey

Library
Of a Good Government in External Things, and of Having Recourse to God in Dangers
"My Son, for this thou must diligently make thy endeavour, that in every place and outward action or occupation thou mayest be free within, and have power over thyself; and that all things be under thee, not thou under them; that thou be master and ruler of thy actions, not a slave or hireling, but rather a free and true Hebrew, entering into the lot and the liberty of the children of God, who stand above the present and look upon the eternal, who with the left eye behold things transitory, and with
Thomas A Kempis—Imitation of Christ

Letters of St. Bernard
I To Malachy. 1141.[924] (Epistle 341.) To the venerable lord and most blessed father, Malachy, by the grace of God archbishop of the Irish, legate of the Apostolic See, Brother Bernard called to be abbot of Clairvaux, [desiring] to find grace with the Lord. 1. Amid the manifold anxieties and cares of my heart,[925] by the multitude of which my soul is sore vexed,[926] the brothers coming from a far country[927] that they may serve the Lord,[928] thy letter, and thy staff, they comfort
H. J. Lawlor—St. Bernard of Clairvaux's Life of St. Malachy of Armagh

Conflicts with Giant Mistake
CONFLICTS WITH GIANT MISTAKE I make so many mistakes, it seems I am just a bundle of contradictions. I try to do good; but at times my efforts are so crude that I seem to do more harm than good. What shall I do? And though all the time I try hard not to make mistakes, yet I still make them. It seems to me that surely I am not sanctified, or else I should be more perfect. Do not the Scriptures command us to be perfect even as our Father in heaven is perfect? I am not perfect; far from it. Really I
Robert Lee Berry—Adventures in the Land of Canaan

Being Made Archbishop of Armagh, He Suffers Many Troubles. Peace Being Made, from Being Archbishop of Armagh He Becomes Bishop of Down.
[Sidenote: 1129] 19. (12). Meanwhile[365] it happened that Archbishop Cellach[366] fell sick: he it was who ordained Malachy deacon, presbyter and bishop: and knowing that he was dying he made a sort of testament[367] to the effect that Malachy ought to succeed him,[368] because none seemed worthier to be bishop of the first see. This he gave in charge to those who were present, this he commanded to the absent, this to the two kings of Munster[369] and to the magnates of the land he specially enjoined
H. J. Lawlor—St. Bernard of Clairvaux's Life of St. Malachy of Armagh

Joshua
The book of Joshua is the natural complement of the Pentateuch. Moses is dead, but the people are on the verge of the promised land, and the story of early Israel would be incomplete, did it not record the conquest of that land and her establishment upon it. The divine purpose moves restlessly on, until it is accomplished; so "after the death of Moses, Jehovah spake to Joshua," i. 1. The book falls naturally into three divisions: (a) the conquest of Canaan (i.-xii.), (b) the settlement of the
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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